41 10 487 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource International Journal of China Studies Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource CHEN, Chien-Kai Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2021-12-31 Description An account of the resource This paper discusses the impacts of the “rise of China” on European integration. Challenges facing European integration are now among the most important issues followed closely by those who are interested in the development of the European Union. This paper, regarding European integration as a process in which a European “international society” emerges and then evolves, proposes an analytical framework to analyze the rise of China as both a centripetal force for and a centrifugal force against European integration by examining how common interests and conflicts of interests among European countries over such controversial issues as human rights in China, arms embargo against China, and increasing Chinese investment in Europe would affect European countries’ efforts to turn Europe into a highly integrated international society.As this paper demonstrates, whether and how either of the two forces for and against European integration will become stronger than the other would determine the direction where European integration might move and therefore is worth more examination in future research. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://ejournal.um.edu.my/index.php/IJCS/article/view/36506 Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Institute of China Studies, Universiti Malaya Relation A related resource https://ejournal.um.edu.my/index.php/IJCS/article/view/36506/14478 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright (c) 2022 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHINA STUDIES Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHINA STUDIES; International Journal of China Studies Vol.12 No.2 December 2021; 245-270 2180-3250 Subject The topic of the resource Rise of China European Union Sino-European relations international society Title A name given to the resource The Rise of China in Europe: A Challenge to Integration? Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource International Journal of China Studies Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource MATAMBO, Emmanuel ONWUEGBUCHULAM, Sunday Paul C. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2021-12-31 Description An account of the resource Recent occasional attacks on Chinese entrepreneurs in Zambia, supposedly on grounds that they are expropriating socio-economic opportunities for Zambians, deserve a fresh interrogation of Zambia–China relations. Labourrelated tensions between Chinese employers and their Zambian employees have also ignited violence between the two parties. Opportunistic Zambian politicians have used these tensions to sponsor the narrative that China in general has malevolent designs over Zambia. Due to increasing external debt and general economic difficulties during the tenure of Zambia’s PatrioticFront (PF) government, from 2011 to 2021, desperate Zambians took their frustration out on the increasing numbers of Chinese entrepreneurs who are considered harbingers of Zambia’s external debt crisis and usurpers of Zambia’s sovereignty. Using constructivism as the theoretical framework, the research found that Zambia–China relations are no longer driven by ethical moorings that were typical of the colonial and Cold War eras. Secondly, that China’s identity in Zambia has assumed an ominous dimension with theincreasing number of Chinese migrants whose conduct is at variance with the image that the Chinese government strives to present. Third, that the ineffective governance of the PF leadership threatened to force the country to default on the debt it owes to China and this could have led to China limiting the room for manoeuvre on the part of the Zambian government, thereby justifying the arguments of those who opine that China aims to take over Africa even though ineffective African governments are culpable. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://ejournal.um.edu.my/index.php/IJCS/article/view/36505 Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Institute of China Studies, Universiti Malaya Relation A related resource https://ejournal.um.edu.my/index.php/IJCS/article/view/36505/14479 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHINA STUDIES; International Journal of China Studies Vol.12 No.2 December 2021; 223-243 2180-3250 Subject The topic of the resource China identity interest constructivism Zambia Title A name given to the resource Friend or Would-be Coloniser? A Constructivist Appraisal of Zambia–China Relations in the Light of Anti-Chinese Sentiments in Zambia Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource International Journal of China Studies Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource KUIK, Cheng-Chwee LAI, Yew Meng ABDULLAH, Amy Azuan Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2021-12-31 Description An account of the resource Pulau Layang-Layang (Swallow Reef) is central to Malaysia’s South China Sea policy. First, the “island” is the first of five features in the South China Sea occupied by Malaysia. Second, since 1983, by exercising exclusive and effective control over Layang Layang, Malaysia has displayed its sovereignty and jurisdiction over the area. Third, with a Malaysian naval station and airstrip, Layang-Layang is Malaysia’s most valuable strategic asset in the South China Sea. Drawing on archival materials and open sources, this paper traces Malaysia’s policy actions vis-à-vis Pulau Layang-Layang, before unpacking the features and factors underpinning the smaller state’s multipronged approaches towards the South China Sea disputes. We argue that Malaysia’s policies regarding Pulau Layang-Layang and the broader South China Sea issue have been and will continue to be driven by small-state pragmatism to balance national sovereignty and geopolitical reality amid the growing U.S.–China rivalry. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://ejournal.um.edu.my/index.php/IJCS/article/view/36495 Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Institute of China Studies, Universiti Malaya Relation A related resource https://ejournal.um.edu.my/index.php/IJCS/article/view/36495/14477 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright (c) 2021 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHINA STUDIES Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHINA STUDIES; International Journal of China Studies Vol.12 No.2 December 2021; 189-222 2180-3250 Subject The topic of the resource Malaysia South China Sea Pulau Layang-Layang Sovereignty China Title A name given to the resource Pulau Layang-Layang in Malaysia’s South China Sea Policy: Sovereignty Meets Geopolitical Reality amid China–U.S. Rivalry Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Caribbean Journal of International Relations and Diplomacy Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The University of the West Indies, St Augustine. Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource LaRose, Chalmers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2020-09-11 Description An account of the resource Over the last two decades, stabilisation missions have become a growing trend in the strategic practices of the United Nations. Such an incremental growth coincides with the hegemonic status achieved by a particular vision of peace, the liberal democratic peace paradigm. Yet, during the same period, the United Nations’ peace operation in Haiti, both the longest running and the only such stabilisation mission in operation in the Americas, resulted in a stalemate. What are the factors that explain this paradox? Are United Nations stabilisation missions an effective engine for peace and stability in today’s international politics?  Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://journals.sta.uwi.edu/ojs/index.php/iir/article/view/7963 Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Caribbean Journal of International Relations and Diplomacy Relation A related resource https://journals.sta.uwi.edu/ojs/index.php/iir/article/view/7963/6880 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright (c) 2020 Caribbean Journal of International Relations and Diplomacy Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Caribbean Journal of International Relations and Diplomacy; Vol. 5 No. 2 (2020) Title A name given to the resource The Last Frontier of Liberal Stabilisation: Haiti under MINUSTAH’s Stewardship Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Caribbean Journal of International Relations and Diplomacy Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The University of the West Indies, St Augustine. Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Osei, Philip Duku Obeng-Baah, Joseph Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2020-09-11 Description An account of the resource In this paper, we examine Kofi Annan’s two most consequential roles in the course of his long career at the United Nations: his role in the Rwanda genocide in 1994 as the head of UN peacekeeping and his tenure as Secretary-General. A realist analysis of the Rwanda genocide which continues to be the referent point for critics of both Annan and the UN is presented. We find that, more than any personal or institutional failings, it was the retreat into a post-Cold War posture of realist non-interventionism of global powers based purely on realist considerations of national interest that mostly accounted for the inevitability and irreversibility of the Rwanda genocide. The paper also explores Annan’s bold idealist global initiatives during his time as Secretary-General and his contributions to human rights, human security, justice, conflict resolution and commitment to sustainable development in Africa, the continent of his birth. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://journals.sta.uwi.edu/ojs/index.php/iir/article/view/7962 Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Caribbean Journal of International Relations and Diplomacy Relation A related resource https://journals.sta.uwi.edu/ojs/index.php/iir/article/view/7962/6879 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright (c) 2020 Caribbean Journal of International Relations and Diplomacy Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Caribbean Journal of International Relations and Diplomacy; Vol. 5 No. 2 (2020) Title A name given to the resource Kofi Annan: An Idealist in a Realist Era Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Caribbean Journal of International Relations and Diplomacy Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The University of the West Indies, St Augustine. Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Knight, Andy Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2020-09-11 Description An account of the resource Kofi Annan, the seventh UN Secretary-General (UNSG), and the only UNSG to have come from the ranks of the Secretariat, has been described in many ways over the years by observers, supporters and critics. Nevertheless, in this article, the Ghanaian is compared to a funambulist. In carefully examining his entire life span, one realises the extent to which this daring, yet humble, man exhibited, metaphorically speaking, the essential qualities of a tightrope walker. From his early days in Cape Coast to his journey across continents to MIT, Annan underwent arduous preparation for what was to become a risky, sometimes painful, sometimes exhilarating, journey to the pinnacle of the UN multilateral system. In the process, he kept his focus and vision, using unique guiding principles, on the end-goal of “putting people first”. This required a balancing act of making adjustments during turbulent times and moments of disequilibrium, and in the end championing the security of people over the pressure to adhere to outmoded principles of state sovereignty. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://journals.sta.uwi.edu/ojs/index.php/iir/article/view/7961 Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Caribbean Journal of International Relations and Diplomacy Relation A related resource https://journals.sta.uwi.edu/ojs/index.php/iir/article/view/7961/6878 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright (c) 2020 Caribbean Journal of International Relations and Diplomacy Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Caribbean Journal of International Relations and Diplomacy; Vol. 5 No. 2 (2020) Title A name given to the resource Kofi Annan, the Funambulist Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Caribbean Journal of International Relations and Diplomacy Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The University of the West Indies, St Augustine. Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Biersteker, Thomas Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2020-09-11 Description An account of the resource Throughout his ten-year term as United Nations Secretary-General, Kofi Annan pursued reform of the organisation in an effort to strengthen its legitimacy, effectiveness, efficiency, and fairness. This article begins with a definition of UN reform and identifies four different types: Security Council reform, reform of administrative practices, incremental procedural reforms, and creation of new institutions to address contemporary challenges. It next examines Kofi Annan’s initiation of reforms over the course of his term in office, from the time of his selection in 1996 to the end of his term in 2006. In addition to his engagement with all four forms, he also pursued improvement of the organisation in each of the three pillars of the UN Charter: security, development, and human rights, arguing that they were fundamentally interrelated. Kofi Annan believed that reform was a process, and he pursued it not only throughout his term in office but also afterwards through his foundation and other activities. His legacy of reform has been continued by his successors in the Office of Secretary-General. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://journals.sta.uwi.edu/ojs/index.php/iir/article/view/7960 Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Caribbean Journal of International Relations and Diplomacy Relation A related resource https://journals.sta.uwi.edu/ojs/index.php/iir/article/view/7960/6877 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright (c) 2020 Caribbean Journal of International Relations and Diplomacy Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Caribbean Journal of International Relations and Diplomacy; Vol. 5 No. 2 (2020) Title A name given to the resource Kofi Annan’s Legacy of UN Reform Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Caribbean Journal of International Relations and Diplomacy Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The University of the West Indies, St Augustine. Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Murray, Jean- Pierre Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2015-12-04 Description An account of the resource This article examines how narcotics came to be at the centre of US Foreign Policy in Latin America as of the latter half of the 20th Century. The central role of narcotics, referred to as narcotisation, is evident in the case study of US-Colombia relations. It is argued that through the securitization of narcotics, the US adopted a national security stance and sought to impose its supply side policies through coercive diplomacy and militaristic means. The article critically examines this realist approach coupled with the market-based logic of supply and demand, and highlights fundamental flaws which caused more debilitating effects than positive results in drug supply reduction. Despite the mobilization of considerable resources, the policies are largely ineffective, and US-Colombia relations continue to be narcotized. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://journals.sta.uwi.edu/ojs/index.php/iir/article/view/766 Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Caribbean Journal of International Relations and Diplomacy Relation A related resource https://journals.sta.uwi.edu/ojs/index.php/iir/article/view/766/686 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Caribbean Journal of International Relations and Diplomacy; Vol. 3 No. 2 (2015) Title A name given to the resource International Drug Interdiction: The Narcotisation of United States - Colombia Relations Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Caribbean Journal of International Relations and Diplomacy Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The University of the West Indies, St Augustine. Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Jules, Tavis D. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2015-12-04 Description An account of the resource This article sets out to theoretically explain the Caribbean Community's (CARICOM) integrative stalemate. It argues that this needs to be studied in light of a changing regional, geographic, and geostrategic climate. A shift is occurring from 'endogenous regionalism,' which concentrates on the Caribbean's historical past, to 'exogenous regionalism,' which focuses on creating a borderless Caribbean space and promotes Caribbeanization through the Caribbean Single Market (CSM), which came into force in 2006, and the stalemated Caribbean Single Economy (CSE). I argue that new trans-hemispheric relations are emerging and Caribbean regionalism is now both multi-centric -arising from actions in numerous places rather than a single center- and also multi-temporal. In this context, mature regionalism presages effective governance by focusing on deepening regional structures and institutional arrangements. I argue that trans-regionalism is a multidimensional process that moves away from the spill-over effects of trade policy harmonization and streamlines different political, security, economic, and cultural regimes. I conclude by suggesting that 'meta-steering' in the form of 'strategic coordination' or 'first order response' is but one way to perceive the paused regional project. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://journals.sta.uwi.edu/ojs/index.php/iir/article/view/765 Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Caribbean Journal of International Relations and Diplomacy Relation A related resource https://journals.sta.uwi.edu/ojs/index.php/iir/article/view/765/685 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Caribbean Journal of International Relations and Diplomacy; Vol. 3 No. 2 (2015) Title A name given to the resource A Stitch in Time Saves Caribbeanization: Meta- Steering and Strategic Coordination in an Era of Caribbean Trans- Regionalism Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Caribbean Journal of International Relations and Diplomacy Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The University of the West Indies, St Augustine. Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Badella, Alessandro Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2015-12-04 Description An account of the resource The promotion of democracy in Cuba has been, especially after the Cold War, a distinguishing feature of US foreign policy towards Havana. This article analyzes the evolution in US democracy promotion in Cuba, especially after the latest openings to Cuba (December 2014). Regarding the promotion of democracy on the island, the so-called 'abandonment of democracy' in US foreign policy never took place, and this implies a renovated effort to foster regime change - or at least a regime evolution - in Cuba. Obama resisted the virulent and invasive rhetoric of the 'Bush doctrine', and introduced some changes in US-Cuba state-to-state relations, while giving a strong relevance to the 'people-to-people's diplomacy' and 'public diplomacy', still perceived as tools to foster a political change on the island. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://journals.sta.uwi.edu/ojs/index.php/iir/article/view/764 Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Caribbean Journal of International Relations and Diplomacy Relation A related resource https://journals.sta.uwi.edu/ojs/index.php/iir/article/view/764/684 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Caribbean Journal of International Relations and Diplomacy; Vol. 3 No. 2 (2015) Title A name given to the resource Obama and US Democracy Promotion in Cuba: New Strategies, Old Goals? Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion