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                  <text>The University of the West Indies, St Augustine. </text>
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                <text>Anatol, Marlon</text>
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                <text>2013-04-06</text>
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                <text>This paper uses the model of the new growth theory to evaluate whether or not Trinidad and Tobago can develop a sustainable path of development in the non-oil sectors that would lead to increased trade with the rest of the world. It is proposed that Trinidad and Tobago's manufacturing sectors may be able to flourish in the global economy if it is able to make use of the technology presently available globally, as well as create and sustain some degree of knowledge creation. A review of the literature shows that developing countries like Trinidad and Tobago can exist and participate in the global economic arena, if they adopt the philosophies and practices that have been advanced by the new growth theories, specifically the endogenous growth theory. This paper postulates that economic growth can be attained if there is sufficient levels of research and development (R&amp;amp;D) applied to the productive process, and this needs to be expressed not only at the level of the firm, but throughout the economy as a whole.</text>
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                <text>https://journals.sta.uwi.edu/ojs/index.php/iir/article/view/338</text>
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                <text>Caribbean Journal of International Relations and Diplomacy</text>
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                <text>https://journals.sta.uwi.edu/ojs/index.php/iir/article/view/338/298</text>
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                <text>Caribbean Journal of International Relations and Diplomacy; Vol. 1 No. 1 (2013)</text>
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                <text>Globalization and the Implications for Trade- Readiness of Small Developing Countries: The Case of Trinidad and Tobago</text>
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                  <text>The University of the West Indies, St Augustine. </text>
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                <text>Chaitoo, Ramesh</text>
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                <text>Economic relations between CARICOM and Canada have a long history and the political relationship has always been positive. However, much of Canada's foreign relations with CARICOM is focused on development aid. While Canadian companies do significant business in CARICOM, for decades there has been little real growth or diversification in the region's exports to Canada. There is clear need to find ways of fitting Caribbean firms into new global value chains in which Canada is engaged. The cultural and social ties between the two are quite significant and Caribbean immigrants in Canada contribute in various spheres to that society. But there are significant issues like increasing crime in CARICOM states which Canada could better address. In recent years, the bilateral relationship has become a bit stale. In order to re- invigorate theÂ  relationship it is necessary to introduce new ideas and strategic thinking on how to better harness the complementarities between CARICOM and Canada. The current negotiations towards a comprehensive trade and investment agreement provide an opportunity to address long-standing economic issues but should also seek afresh to re-kindle the "special relationship." However, Canada must not try to impose its usual template for free trade agreements on CARICOM; both sides need to be creative and innovative in terms of designing a new framework for bilateral economic, political, social and cultural relations for their mutual benefit.</text>
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                <text>Caribbean Journal of International Relations and Diplomacy</text>
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                <text>https://journals.sta.uwi.edu/ojs/index.php/iir/article/view/337/297</text>
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                <text>Caribbean Journal of International Relations and Diplomacy; Vol. 1 No. 1 (2013)</text>
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                <text>Time to Re- Think and Re- Energize CARICOM- Canada Relations</text>
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                  <text>The University of the West Indies, St Augustine. </text>
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                <text>Chung Tiam Fook, Tanya</text>
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                <text>In the contemporary global political context of stringent conservation policy and low carbon economies, Guyana has positioned itself between two divergent paths of development and identity: 1) its desire to entrench itself as a competitive player in the global economy, and 2) its goal to pursue a more ecologically sustainable model of development. Focusing on Guyana's controversial Low Carbon Development Strategy (LCDS) and its Reduction of Emissions through Deforestation and Degradation (REDD+) framework, this paper critically explores the increasing marketization of forest management and climate change governance and their implications for negotiating Indigenous rights and participation in national and global climate change and conservation policies and debates.</text>
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                <text>https://journals.sta.uwi.edu/ojs/index.php/iir/article/view/336/296</text>
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                <text>Caribbean Journal of International Relations and Diplomacy; Vol. 1 No. 1 (2013)</text>
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                <text>A 'Win- Win' Strategy for All? Guyana's Climate Change Strategies and Implications for Indigenous Communities</text>
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                  <text>AEGIS : Journal of International Relations</text>
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                  <text>School of International Relations, President University, Indonesia</text>
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                <text>Putri, Yossica Novyanti Lyonitha</text>
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                <text>Raharyo, Anggara</text>
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                <text>2019-11-26</text>
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                <text>This article aims to analyse Indonesia’s diplomacy strategy to the Philippines in actualizing blue economy from 2014 until 2017. Indonesia's geographical condition, which is the largest archipelagic country in the world and is located within the coral triangle region brace Indonesia to have enormous marine potentials and high valuation. Indonesia during the reign of President Joko Widodo committed to develop their economy from the marine sector using blue economic principle-- the utilization of marine potential by considering the long-term calculation between social and the environmental sustainability. The authors use complex interdependence theory which shows that cooperation between Indonesia and the Philippines by involving the role of non-governmental organizations and business stakeholders contribute to solve problems and support the successful implementation of the blue economy. Through a qualitative analytic research method, this article finds Indonesia’s diplomacy strategy as the effort to implement blue economy by using Multi-track Diplomacy approach, which focuses on the government (Track I) through the signing of Joint Declaration of Sea Connectivity between the two countries, non-government professional (Track II) through the establishment of the Working Group for Coral Triangle Initiatives involving Non-Governmental Organizations in Indonesia, and business (Track III) through the Coral Triangle Initiatives-Business Forum to the Philippines during the administration of President Joko Widodo in 2014-2017.Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis strategi diplomasi Indonesia ke Filipina dalam mengaktualisasikan ekonomi biru dari 2014 hingga 2017. Kondisi geografis Indonesia, yang merupakan negara kepulauan terbesar di dunia dan terletak di dalam kawasan segitiga karang menganugerahkan Indonesia dengan potensi laut yang sangat besar dan valuasi tinggi. Indonesia pada masa pemerintahan Presiden Joko Widodo berkomitmen untuk mengembangkan ekonomi mereka dari sektor kelautan menggunakan prinsip ekonomi biru-- pemanfaatan potensi kelautan dengan mempertimbangkan perhitungan jangka panjang antara keberlanjutan sosial dan lingkungan. Penulis menggunakan teori ‘complex interdependence’ yang menunjukkan bahwa kerja sama antara Indonesia dan Filipina dengan melibatkan peran organisasi non-pemerintah dan pemangku kepentingan bisnis berkontribusi untuk memecahkan masalah dan mendukung keberhasilan implementasi ekonomi biru.Menggunakan metodologi penelitian kualitatif, skripsi ini menjelaskan strategi diplomasi Indonesia dalam upaya untuk mengaktualisasikan ekonomi bitu dengan menggunakan langkah Multi-track Diplomacy, dengan fokus dalam kerjasama negara (Track I) melalui penandatanganan Joint Declaration of Sea Connectivity antara kedua negara, organisasi non-pemerintah (Track II) melalui penetapan kelompok kerja untuk kerjasama Coral Triangle Initiative dengan melibatkan organisasi non-pemerintah di Indonesia, dan bisnis (Track III) melalui Forum Bisnis Regional Coral Triangle Initiatives kepada Filipina selama masa administrasi Presiden Joko Widodo tahun 2014-2017.</text>
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                <text>http://e-journal.president.ac.id/presunivojs/index.php/AEGIS/article/view/710</text>
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                <text>10.33021/aegis.v3i2.710</text>
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                <text>Copyright (c) 2019 AEGIS : Journal of International Relations</text>
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                <text>AEGIS : Journal of International Relations; Vol 3, No 2 (2019): March - August 2019</text>
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                <text>2548-4532</text>
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                <text>Actualizing Blue Economy: Multi-Track Diplomacy in Supporting Indonesia – Philippines Ocean Economy Cooperation (2014-2017)</text>
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                  <text>School of International Relations, President University, Indonesia</text>
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                <text>During the Suharto era, which began after the anti-Chinese riots in 1965 as a result of the deterioration of the relation between Indonesia and China, forced policies of assimilation was adopted for curtailing the Chinese culture and to control Chinese-Indonesians. Yet, anti-Chinese sentiments remained, and attacks against them reached its climax in May 1998, when anti-Chinese riots recurred because of the allegation that Chinese-Indonesians had an advantageous economic status, and they were the culprit that brought financial crisis to Indonesia. The May 1998 riot ended Suharto’s era, and Chinese Indonesians saw improvement in their position and condition. Now, they strive to find their own identity and political status. Their efforts to do so were also influence by the rise of China. That is why, this paper aims at examining whether the reintroduction of Chinese cultural celebrations into Chinese-Indonesian community would result in the demise of policies of assimilation. It also examines whether the rise of China would propel them to establish a closer identification with the People’s Republic of China. How do Chinese-Indonesians view their identity? How do they choose this identity and their political inclinations? These are the research questions this paper is going to answer. The findings show that the status of the Chinese in Indonesia is divided into two groups. The first group is the one who is determined to break away from Chinese identification, and the second group is the one that still maintains their Chinese culture.</text>
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                <text>President University</text>
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            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="14678">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2019 AEGIS : Journal of International Relations</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="14680">
                <text>AEGIS : Journal of International Relations; Vol 3, No 1 (2018): September 2018 - February 2019</text>
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                <text>2548-4532</text>
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                <text>2541-1373</text>
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                <text>Changes in Chinese-Indonesian Identity: Indonesianization or Re- Sinicization?</text>
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                  <text>AEGIS : Journal of International Relations</text>
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                  <text>School of International Relations, President University, Indonesia</text>
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      <name>Dataset</name>
      <description>Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing.</description>
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                <text>Universitas Andalas</text>
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          <element elementId="39">
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            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>Isnarti, Rika</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Peace keeping operation as part of humanitarian intervention is a close issue to human right. It is assumed to be a way to achieve human right particularly in situation of conflict. This essay analyses the difference between humanitarian intervention and the promotion of human rights and reason state join peace keeping operation in humanitarian intervention from constructivist view? This essay chose Case study China peace keeping operation in Darfur. It concludes that Constructivism sees human rights as a norm that can be promoted by social movement as well countries accept that norm. China has to adopt human rights as one of the primary norm and join peace keeping as an idea that this country accepts the human rights norm. In this step China is a norm cascade stage. China receive human rights but still question the appropriate behavior regarding the norm. Keywords: China, Constructivist, peace keeping, norm</text>
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                <text>http://e-journal.president.ac.id/presunivojs/index.php/AEGIS/article/view/425</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="14657">
                <text>10.33021/aegis.v2i2.425</text>
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            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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                <text>President University</text>
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            <description>A related resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="14660">
                <text>http://e-journal.president.ac.id/presunivojs/index.php/AEGIS/article/view/425/260</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="14661">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2018 AEGIS : Journal of International Relations</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="14662">
                <text>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</text>
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            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="14663">
                <text>AEGIS : Journal of International Relations; Vol 2, No 2 (2018): March - August 2018</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="14664">
                <text>2548-4532</text>
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                <text>2541-1373</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
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                <text>Humanitarian Intervention from Constructivist Perspective: CaseStudy of China Peace Keeping Operation in Darfur</text>
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                  <text>AEGIS : Journal of International Relations</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="14704">
                  <text>School of International Relations, President University, Indonesia</text>
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      <name>Dataset</name>
      <description>Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing.</description>
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          <element elementId="39">
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            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="14634">
                <text>Kusumawardani, Natasya</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="14635">
                <text>2017-09-15</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Humanitarian crisis is one of the critical problems in international relations which threaten the security. Humanitarian crisis could be caused by many factors, either originated by human activities or environmental degradations. It changed the idea that threat could only be state related, but it could also directly be impacting the people. This article argues that in order to manage this problem, there is the need to shift the perspective in seeing security from traditional (state-centric) to non-traditional (people-centred) to build effective policy. It also argues that environmental security is a part of human security, both have close linkage of action and reaction. The case in the Lake Chad Basin shows that there is a threat to human security from the environment, either it is coming from the water crisis in the lake and the impact of climate change.</text>
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                <text>http://e-journal.president.ac.id/presunivojs/index.php/AEGIS/article/view/279</text>
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                <text>10.33021/aegis.v1i2.279</text>
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            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="14641">
                <text>President University</text>
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                <text>http://e-journal.president.ac.id/presunivojs/index.php/AEGIS/article/view/279/147</text>
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            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="14643">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2018 AEGIS : Journal of International Relations</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="14644">
                <text>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="14645">
                <text>AEGIS : Journal of International Relations; Vol 1, No 2 (2017): March - August 2017</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="14646">
                <text>2548-4532</text>
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                <text>2541-1373</text>
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                <text>The Importance of Integrating Environmental Security to Human Security Based Policy in Managing Humanitarian Crisis: The Case of the Lake Chad Basin</text>
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                  <text>AEGIS : Journal of International Relations</text>
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                  <text>School of International Relations, President University, Indonesia</text>
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          <element elementId="39">
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              <elementText elementTextId="14617">
                <text>Sawitri, Made Yaya</text>
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                <text>2017-09-15</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Bacha Posh is a Dari term which literary means “girls dressed as boys. Girls who were born in a family without son must disguise themselves as boys under social or economic pressure. This arrangement end when the girl reaches puberty as she has to turn back to her birth gender and get married. This article underlines incongruence between international discourse and cultural discourse on girl child. International community often depicts girl child as helpless population with very limited capacity and agency. Bacha Posh is proving just the opposite. They serve as a portrayal of Afghan girls who cleverly resisting the rigid societal norms in the fragile country where having sons equal security. Through the lives of the bacha posh, this article wishes to unveil what it means to be girls in the post-war Afghanistan where the international community has persistently been trying to teach Afghans about gender and human rights.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="14621">
                <text>http://e-journal.president.ac.id/presunivojs/index.php/AEGIS/article/view/246</text>
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                <text>10.33021/aegis.v2i1.246</text>
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                <text>Cultural and International Dissonance on Girls Empowerment: the Case of Afghanistan’s Female Son</text>
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                <text>From its inception, the Indonesian Navy (TNI-AL) has struggled to reconcile its relatively small capabilities with its large responsibilities. This paper argues that significant reforms need to be carried out in order to improve the overall capacity of the TNI-AL and build Indonesian naval power. The Global Maritime Fulcrum vision provides this opportunity, however, it must be sustained by the political leadership in the long term as developing naval power does not happen overnight. To that end, this paper discusses four chief problems that the TNI-AL continues to face today, namely (1) a lack of a comprehensive maritime outlook, (2) stringent budgetary conditions, (3) a continental-oriented command and control structure, and (4) “turf wars” between related agencies in the government. This paper also briefly contrasts and compares Indonesia’s experience with China’s experience with naval development under Hu Jintao and Xi Jinping. Although both countries are arguably different from one another in one way or the other, this exercise serves to highlight three lessons that may be applicable for Indonesia in managing its naval development and understanding the complexity in building its naval power. These lessons include (1) a need for strong and sustained political will in developing naval power and (2) having a clear strategic objective for naval development, and (3) a significant amount of resources are required to build naval power.</text>
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                <text>AEGIS : Journal of International Relations; Vol 1, No 2 (2017): March - August 2017</text>
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                <text>2548-4532</text>
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                <text>SMALL NAVY, BIG RESPONSIBILITIES: THE STRUGGLES OF BUILDING INDONESIA’S NAVAL POWER</text>
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                  <text>School of International Relations, President University, Indonesia</text>
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                <text>Alverdian, Indra</text>
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                <text>This article tries to enrich the conceptual debate and discussions among international relations and strategic studies scholars regarding explanations of weak actor‟s victories against strong actors in military conflicts. For longtime strategic studies scholars have tried to find the most relevant and valid explanations on the reasoning on how a weak actor can achieve victory in asymmetric conflict despite overwhelming inferiority in terms of power. Previous strategic studies scholars have proposed competing hypothesis ranging from regime type, balance of interests to the types of strategic interaction between the two actors. In this essay, the author would like to underline the significance of fog of war or uncertainty as a significant contributing factor during strategic interactions at tactical-operational towards shaping either a favorable or vice-versa unfavorable war conditions for the weak actor to modify pre-war political objectives of the asymmetric conflict. In this analysis, the 2006 Lebanon War is taken as a case study of the asymmetric conflict between the strong and weak actor. The result strengthened the notion that there is no single variable but a multitude of variable which explains asymmetric conflict outcomes.</text>
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                <text>AEGIS : Journal of International Relations; Vol 1, No 1 (2016): September 2016 - February 2017</text>
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                <text>2548-4532</text>
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                <text>ESCALATION AND DE-ESCALATION OF WAR OBJECTIVES: THE ANALYSIS OF ASYMMETRIC WAR IN LEBANON (2006)</text>
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