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                <text>Online courses, webinars and other digital media open up a wide range of convenient, cost-effective training options for law professionals. Myriad combinations of technology, platforms, content and classrooms are nowadays possible. In particular, the e-learning approach can be considered as a tailored-made mean that aims to meet the needs of a specific target group, at the same time, reach the majority of stakeholders, and ensure the continuity of the acquired abilities and skills. The positive result of this approach depends largely on the way the content is presented. Thus, the visual design of materials and the way the content is structured and displayed are important elements when designing the e-learning modules. The article tries to point out how visual techniques interact with e-learning legal programmes, specifically focusing on legal practitioners (judges, prosecutors and lawyers).</text>
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                <text>The explosion in visual representations of legal concepts and processes is a thrilling innovation which can expand open access to law. By and large, however, visual representations of the law have not adequately fulfilled the promise of access. No matter how unintentionally, implementations of visual access to law frequently overlook people with visual disabilities. This neglect is not necessary, and inclusion is not futile. The synthesis, summarization, simplification, and interpretation required to produce visual representations of law have the potential to support understanding for everyone by making legal information more discoverable and reusable. This paper distinguishes between features of visual law that require vision and features of visual law that can be made accessible to all. It argues that inclusive design deserves greater attention in order to avoid increasing inequality in access to law.</text>
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                <text>This paper describes the benefits of using network visualisation as a user interface to Citators. I show that three types of search queries that arise in legal research can be framed as querying the existence of certain composite citation relationships, and that these queries can be evaluated by the user significantly faster using network visualisation. I discuss further implications of network visualisation for exploratory data analysis, and I present our work on the AfricanLII Citator application, currently in beta, which provides such an interface to a citator that indexes case law from 15 countries in Africa.</text>
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                <text>In the present paper we will verify if and how the institutional guidelines on administrative document drafting of extra-EU countries, include recommendations on the use of visual elements to make the content of the institutional texts more comprehensible and the administrative procedures more accessible. This analysis had the ultimate goal of trying to make additional proposals for the Italian guidelines in order to make them more inclusive through a greater use of visual aspects.</text>
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                <text>Access to legal information for citizens and new citizens in Italy: using visual elements and adopting Legal Design methods to make administrative documents clearer and more effective.</text>
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                <text>The creation of Europe’s Digital Single Market requires interoperable multilingual resources in the Linguistic Linked Open Data (LLOD) cloud. The PMKI project aims to create a public multilingual knowledge management infrastructure, able to establish and manage interoperability between multilingual classification systems (like thesauri) and other language resources. In this paper the standards used by PMKI and a methodology for automatic mapping between multilingual resources, based on an information retrieval framework, is presented.</text>
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                <text>Journal of Open Access to Law; Vol. 6 No. 1 (2018)</text>
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                <text>2372-7152</text>
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                <text>Automatic Alignment of Multilingual Resources in the Linguistic Linked Open Data Cloud</text>
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                <text>Although access to primary legal materials in South Africa is now easily accessible as a result of the Free Access to Law movement, access to legal scholarship is not as easy. Through using the University of Cape Town (UCT) as a case study, due to its research intensive nature, it is possible to see how academics are publishing their legal scholarship through the use of bibliometrics and data mining. After the success of a Research Visibility month, law librarians were able to attest to the perceptions of legal academics around the importance of the openness and visibility of their research. The author contrasts these two to see if the perception of legal academics around the visibility of their resources reflects their publishing practices. It is seen that although academics at UCT publish mostly in closed journals, the publishing in open and hybrid journals has slowly increased during the period 2011-2015. Further it is evidenced that legal academics are exploring other avenues, including that of self-archiving, to boost the visibility of their work. Law Librarians are able to assist in boosting at least the visibility, if not the openness of legal academics’ work.</text>
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                <text>Journal of Open Access to Law; Vol. 6 No. 1 (2018)</text>
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                <text>2372-7152</text>
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                <text>The use and perceptions of open Access resources by legal academics at the University of Cape Town (UCT) in South Africa</text>
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                <text>Verma, Kshitiz</text>
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                <text>This paper enumerates the efforts made by the Supreme Court of India and proposes a road map of how the existing Information and Communication Tech- nology (ICT) can help Indian judiciary to evolve as more technology driven with increased transparency. The main drive behind the efforts made by the Supreme Court is through e-Courts project. The Government of India has unleashed huge amount of funds to enhance the rate of justice and reduce the piling up of huge number of cases in the courts in India. Various steps have been taken to utilize the power of the Internet to ease the life of the litigant and all the other stakeholders in the process. The efforts are specially targeted to help the poor. The e-Courts project has led to scanning, digitization and digital preservation of case records, enabling video-conferencing for courts and jails, etc. A major outcome of the e- Courts project is the National Judicial Data Grid (NJDG). It provides an online, real time information on around 25 million pending cases in Indian courts are various levels.  This paper also provides insights in the potential of ICT to be able to go far beyond than what is proposed in the e-Courts project. The e-Courts project has mainly provided a platform for the consolidation of the ICT infrastructure in the courts. In order to be able to use all this computing machinery efficiently, more services, beyond as envisaged in the e-Courts project have to be developed.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="12489">
                <text>Journal of Open Access to Law; Vol. 6 No. 1 (2018)</text>
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                <text>2372-7152</text>
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                <text>e-Courts Project: A Giant Leap by Indian Judiciary</text>
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                <text>This article is an acknowledgement of the gap and frustrations created by a legal regime, which has provided the requisite legal covering for the exclusion of the generality from access to knowledge. It provides a theoretical analysis of open access from a multi-dimensional perspective inclusive of socio-economic, legal and political dimensions and explores the rationale for providing free, immediate, open and unrestricted access to the output of research. It seeks to identify and demonstrate the potential benefits of the open access movement to national and global development. </text>
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                <text>Journal of Open Access to Law; Vol. 6 No. 1 (2018)</text>
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                <text>2372-7152</text>
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                <text>L’ère de l’inventeur solitaire est révolue. La capacité des divers acteurs àcollaborer en mettant en commun des compétences et des points de vue différents,à échanger sans fuir les conflits, permet de parcourir des chemins inexplorés oumême de remettre en cause l’existant. La combinaison des savoirs et du travail enpartenariat avec différents acteurs constitue un levier majeur d’innovation dansl’élaboration des textes réglementaires relatifs à la dématérialisation de procédure.Les différentes expériences menées par l’association Open Law le démontrent.La dématérialisation des procédures demeure l’un des leviers majeurs de lamodernisation de l’action de l’Etat. Bien pensée, elle ne présente que desavantages : elle allège la charge administrative pesant sur les acteurs, tout enfacilitant les actions. Elle permet des échanges plus simples, plus fluides, moinscoûteux, en repensant la procédure. Elle permet également de renforcer la fiabilitéet la sécurité des échanges. Toutefois, jusqu’à présent elle n’a pas ou peu étépensée avec les utilisateurs finaux même si des concertations avec les instancesreprésentantes ont été organisées. L’absence de concertation a engendré desdifficultés au quotidien. En outre, l’apparition de nouvelles technologies impose derevoir les systèmes mis en place, de rendre interopérables des procédures qui n’ontpas été pensées globalement.Cette méthodologie a été élaborée en prenant en considération des exemples de co-rédaction mis en place mais également des attentes des membres de lacommunauté Open Law. Elle a vocation à évoluer en fonction des retoursd’expériences de certaines administrations ayant initiées des démarches similairesmais également en fonction des attentes des différents acteurs.</text>
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