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                <text>The U.S.’s stance towards Cuba has historically used rhetoric about the lack of civil liberties, dictatorship, and security to defend the embargo put in place during the 1960s. Politicians of the era viewed communism in Cuba as an immediate threat that had to be snuffed out before it could infect the entire hemisphere. Their hope was that by isolating the island, Cuba’s citizens would be compelled to fight for reform and institute their own democracy. That approach, however, has backfired entirely. Neither government is innocent — Cuba’s human rights record remains as poor as ever and the U.S. has almost singlehandedly destroyed the country’s economy and health system. Though guilt is shared, the U.S. alone controls the relationship’s future. Reforms are in their infancy, but in light of the turbulent past, there has been progress. </text>
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                <text>Copyright (c) 2017 Matthew Moret</text>
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                <text>Pitt Political Review; Vol 11, No 2 (2015); 10-19</text>
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                <text>Isle of Misfit Ploys: The Cuban Embargo</text>
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                <text>An examination of the legal battle over Citizens United and its consequences for our electoral system.</text>
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                <text>https://ppr.pitt.edu/ojs/index.php/ppr/article/view/21</text>
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                <text>Copyright (c) 2017 Thomas Edward Chidiac</text>
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                <text>Pitt Political Review; Vol 8, No 2 (2012); 13-17</text>
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                <text>Making a Beast With Green Backs: The Legal Battle Over Money in American Elections</text>
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                <text>Lieberman, Alyssa</text>
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                <text>Finding a place for objective science within the realm of American politics has become increasingly difficult because the effective use of rhetoric can often obscure facts. Both Republicans and Democrats are guilty of pushing scientific recommendations to the wayside when it suits their political needs. But, to fulfill their obligation to protect the American people and further American progress, politicians must stop interpreting hard scientific facts as it suits their political needs. They must begin to thoughtfully translate scientific data into legislation and policies so that pertinent topics can be addressed and the true needs of the American people can be met. The honest evaluation of this data is a formidable and seemingly unrealistic goal but, if nothing else, a moral standard must be enforced for publicly elected officials to serve in the best interest of the American people. </text>
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                <text>https://ppr.pitt.edu/ojs/index.php/ppr/article/view/60/56</text>
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                <text>Copyright (c) 2017 Alyssa Lieberman</text>
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                <text>Pitt Political Review; Vol 11, No 2 (2015); 45-50</text>
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                <text>Unscientific Methods: Reinvigorating Objectivity in Politics</text>
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                <text>Tingley, Megan</text>
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                <text>ince its beginnings in 1971, the war on drugs has been largely unsuccessful in reducing drug use. Instead, it has had many unintended consequences, one of which is a huge increase in the federal prison population over the past 40 years. Despite making up only five percent of the world population, the U.S. is home to 25 percent of its prisoners. Since the 1970s, the prison population in the U.S. has skyrocketed due to the implementation of War on Drugs policies. The main reason for the failure of the War on Drugs can be attributed in part to mandatory minimum sentencing laws. Implemented as a part of the Anti- Drug Abuse Act of 1986, these one-size-fits-all policies require a certain punishment based on the amount and type of drug in possession without allowing for flexibility based on context. </text>
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                <text>The Charlie Hebdo attack and its aftermath was the most significant France had experienced since a 1962 train bombing — related to the war in Algeria — outside Paris. Moreover, it seems altogether foreign and incomprehensible to the relatively liberal standards of our society that the motivation for such atrocious violence was vengeance for the mere act, conflated into a crime, of drawing a cartoon. While it may seem natural to most Westerners, the response to the Jan. 7 attacks looks almost absurd when approached from a different point of view. Rénald Luzier, the figure behind the cartoon that seemed to spur controversy, himself highlights the irony of Western leaders — who more often than not look at satirists like those employed at Charlie Hebdo as “agitators” — declaring the slain satirists “white knights defending free speech”. The definitive characteristic transformed a weekly burlesque, whose parent publication described itself as a “stupid and vicious magazine”, into a hero of modernity. This reflects, quite simply, a feeling throughout the Western world that intrinsic rights are under attack. </text>
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                <text>Mitt Romney or Barack Obama: this is the choice Pennsylvanian voters will have in November as the 2012 presidential election draws closer. The voters of Pennsylvania will be at the height of importance in the history of American presidential elections, playing a key role as one of the leading battleground states in this upcoming election. With twenty electoral votes, tied for the fifth most of any state in the country, both campaigns will look to focus a great amount of time and money on trying to win this crucial state. And at the center of this fierce battle between the current GOP presumptive nominee and the President of the United States are four counties that comprise the suburbs of Philadelphia. These counties will ultimately decide the fate of Pennsylvania’s electoral votes, and possibly even the election itself.</text>
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                <text>Pitt Political Review; Vol 8, No 2 (2012); 28-33</text>
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