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                <text>International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM); Vol. 16 No. 02 (2022); pp. 82-100</text>
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                <text>The Effect of Using ‘Microb’ Mobile Application in Science Learning in Primary School</text>
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                <text>The lack of knowledge about parenting has led to several cases of violence against children. Providing training on parenting skills is a possible solution. This study was presented with the aim of knowing the effectiveness of a mobile parenting training program based on ubiquitous learning to improve parenting skills moderated by parental locus of control. This study used a quasi-experimental design with control and experimental groups. Sampling in this study used purposive sampling with the following criteria for parents: 1) Having children aged 3-6 years, 2) Parents experiencing parenting problems, 3) Children experiencing developmental delays, 4) Willing to participate in the training program to completion. The tests used in this study include testing the validity and reliability of the instrument, classical assumption test, homogeneity test, and hypothesis testing using Two Way Anova parametric statistics. The results of this study can be concluded that a mobile parenting training program based on unbiquitous learning moderated by a good parental locus of control can improve parenting skills in parents.</text>
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                <text>Copyright (c) 2021 Evania Yafie, Zakiah Mohamad Ashari, Norazrena Abu Samah</text>
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                <text>International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM); Vol. 16 No. 02 (2022); pp. 42-58</text>
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                <text>1865-7923</text>
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                <text>Mobile Parenting Training Program Based on a Ubiquitous Learning Context to Improve Parenting Skill: The Moderating Role Parental Locus of Control</text>
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                <text>Abdul Hanid, Mohd Fadzil</text>
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                <text>Mohamad Said, Mohd Nihra Haruzuan</text>
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                <text>Yahaya, Noraffandy</text>
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                <text>Abdullah, Zaleha</text>
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                <text>Augmented Reality (AR) technology has now become a growing trend within the education field. It has the capability to combine both digital and reality world that subsequently leads to the emergence of new possibilities in im-proving the quality of teaching and learning activities. The objective of this research is mainly to analyse the Computational thinking elements in solving Geometry topic after the intervention of AR application. Qualitative data analysis was employed as the research methodology of this study that in-volved interview protocol with 10 pupils enrolled in Form 1 Mathematics class at one of the selected schools in Johor Bahru, Malaysia. Content analy-sis was then administered using the ATLAS.Ti Version 8 software to identify the codes, themes, and meaning conveyed by the pupils’ answers in the Computational thinking test. Based on the interview and Computational thinking assessment show the pupils’ ability to solve Geometrical problems using Computational thinking elements. The researcher found that Computa-tional thinking elements do exist in problem solving pertaining to the topic of Geometry. However, the order of usage of these Computational thinking el-ements differs among the pupils. This leads to the conclusion that pupils who utilise the AR application with Computational thinking successfully solve Geometrical problems through the help of the Geometrical thinking process that comprises the elements of Abstraction, Generalisation, Decomposition, Algorithmic, and Debugging.</text>
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                <text>https://online-journals.org/index.php/i-jim/article/view/27295</text>
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                <text>Copyright (c) 2021 MOHD FADZIL ABDUL HANID, MOHD NIHRA HARUZUAN MOHD SAID, NORAFFANDY YAHAYA, ZALEHA ABDULLAH</text>
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                <text>International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM); Vol. 16 No. 02 (2022); pp. 28-41</text>
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                <text>1865-7923</text>
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                <text>Augmented Reality</text>
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                <text>The Elements of Computational Thinking in Learning Geometry by Using Augmented Reality Application</text>
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                <text>Based on a conceptualization of WhatsApp as a boundary object that permits educational institutions to cross over from in-school teaching to out-of-school teaching, this study investigated the viability of WhatsApp as a mobile learning (m-Learning) technology tool for the continuity of teaching and learning in Botswana during and beyond the COVID-19 pandemic. Utilizing a narrative review of the literature, we found that WhatsApp’s viability is supported by Botswana’s high mobile phone penetration rate, the extensive coverage of the country’s mobile broadband network, reduced domestic internet prices and research findings of WhatsApp’s technological, educational and academic advantages elsewhere. However, teachers require training to develop relevant technological and pedagogical competences. WhatsApp’s viability also requires inclusive access for all children including those from rural poor families and living with disabilities, and the protection of children learning online from mobile phone dependency and exposure to potentially harmful content and abuse.</text>
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                <text>Copyright (c) 2021 Dawn Lyken Segosebe, Gladys Gamariel, Kelebonye Bagai</text>
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                <text>International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM); Vol. 16 No. 02 (2022); pp. 59-81</text>
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                <text>1865-7923</text>
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                <text>Botswana</text>
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                <text>Boundary Crossing for Education Continuity: Exploring WhatsApp’s Potential in Botswana During and Beyond the Pandemic</text>
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                <text>Mykytiuk, Svitlana</text>
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                <text>Moroz, Tetiana</text>
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                <text>Mykytiuk, Serhii</text>
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                <text>The research studied the effectiveness of a three-stage Seamless Learning Model with Enhanced Web-Quizzing based on the intensive use of sets of quizzes created in different web-based quiz generators. The findings revealed  that continuous testing using diagnostic, formative, benchmark and summative quizzes, administered at the three stages - familiarisation, formation and assessment, applying such features of seamless learning as learning in various contexts, ubiquitous access to digital learning resources and quizzes, combination of teacher-guided learning, self-directed and collaborative learning, and switching between various learning activities can be an efficient teaching technique in higher education having positive effect on academic performance, motivation, learners’ approaches to studying and course engagement. The testing effect was investigated on the summative tests taken at the end of the three different academic courses. The results showed that online quizzes applied primarily as learning tools with the emphasis on information retrieval and retention resulted in the higher achievements of the experimental group students. The survey conducted with Biggs’s Revised Two-Factor Study Process Questionnaire (R-SPQ-2F) showed the changes in the learners’ motives and approaches to studying revealed in students’ active participation in in-class and out-of-class activities, mastering of the material through understanding rather than mechanical memorizing, the search for additional information and increased attendance. The engagement of the experimental group students in the new quiz-enhanced settings was examined focusing on emotional, skills, participation and performance engagement aspects.</text>
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                <text>https://online-journals.org/index.php/i-jim/article/view/27257</text>
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            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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                <text>eng</text>
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                <text>International Association of Online Engineering (IAOE), Vienna, Austria</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="45926">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2022 Svitlana Mykytiuk, Tetiana Moroz, Serhii Mykytiuk, Mykola Moroz, Olga Dolgusheva</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="45928">
                <text>International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM); Vol. 16 No. 03 (2022); pp. 4-19</text>
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                <text>1865-7923</text>
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="45930">
                <text>engagement</text>
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                <text>academic performance</text>
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                <text>seamless learning</text>
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                <text>testing effect</text>
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                <text>web quizzing</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Seamless Learning Model with Enhanced Web-Quizzing in the Higher Education Setting</text>
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            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="15984">
                  <text>International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM)</text>
                </elementText>
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                <text>Morsidi, Suraya</text>
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                <text>Abu Samah, Norazrena</text>
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                <text>Abdul Rahman, Khairul Anuar</text>
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                <text>Mohamad Ashari, Zakiah</text>
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                <text>Jumaat, Nurul Farhana</text>
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                <text>Abdullah, Abdul Halim</text>
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                <text>Excellent communication skills among graduates are very crucial for their future and career development. WhatsApp application is seen to have the potential to develop these skills since it has robust functions and features, easy to use, and free. However, there are still issues in implementing this application as a tool in developing communication skills by utilizing this application for educational purposes among UTM students. Hence, this study was aiming to investigate the level of WhatsApp usage in education, the level of communication skills by utilizing WhatsApp for educational purposes among students, and their correlations. Student’s perception of using WhatsApp in education was also investigated. This study was based on quantitative research conducted using a survey design, where online questionnaires were distributed randomly among 400 UTM students based on simple random method. Findings showed that there is a high level of WhatsApp usage in education among UTM students and also a high level of communication skills by utilizing this application for educational purposes among UTM students. It was supported by a strong positive linear correlation that existed between these two variables. Students also showed positive perceptions of utilizing WhatsApp in education to develop their communication skills. Therefore, lecturers and students are encouraged to utilize WhatsApp application in education as it can help in fortifying communication skills among students who later become competent graduates that can meet the demand from the industries.</text>
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                <text>https://online-journals.org/index.php/i-jim/article/view/27243</text>
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                <text>10.3991/ijim.v15i23.27243</text>
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                <text>International Association of Online Engineering (IAOE), Vienna, Austria</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="45900">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2021 Suraya Morsidi, Norazrena Abu Samah, Khairul Anuar Abdul Rahman, Zakiah Mohamad Ashari, Nurul Farhana Jumaat, Abdul Halim Abdullah</text>
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                <text>International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM); Vol. 15 No. 23 (2021); pp. 57-71</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="45903">
                <text>1865-7923</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>WhatsApp application</text>
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                <text>WhatsApp and Its Potential to Develop Communication Skills among University Students</text>
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                <text>Arumugam, Rooban</text>
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                <text>Mobile learning (or m-learning) is the ability to learn anywhere and at any time using a portable electronic device. Mobile technologies gradually integrate into learnedness. Mobile devices and apps are changing the way learners acquires English. This study aims to develop a mobile Apps based on the Keller Plan Personalized system of instruction (PSI) theory called JuJu English Vocabulary to improve learners’ vocabulary acquisition. The mobile Apps was developed using ADDIE instructional design model. The developed Apps was investigated using a quasi-experimental research design among 60 students separated into two(2) groups: control and experimental groups. Data were analysed using SPSS software. The outcome shows a significant difference between Post-test experimental (using the mobile app) and the control group (traditional learning). This Mobile Apps design allows personalised growth among the experimental group of students in terms of their vocabulary acquisition. The design mimicking a game strategy did help increase their interest to enjoy the learning process.</text>
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                <text>https://online-journals.org/index.php/i-jim/article/view/27227</text>
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                <text>International Association of Online Engineering (IAOE), Vienna, Austria</text>
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                <text>Copyright (c) 2021 Norah Md Noor, Rooban Arumugam</text>
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                <text>International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM); Vol. 15 No. 23 (2021); pp. 4-17</text>
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                <text>1865-7923</text>
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                <text>Nsairat, Nedal</text>
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                <text>During COVID-19 pandemic countries have faced various levels of COVID-19 infection rates, and millions of students are affected by changing the educational process. However, many music Schools have been faced with the challenge of dealing with a situation that necessitates emergency measures to continue the academic course in the midst of lock-downs and social distancing measures. Therefore, it is important to evaluate the effectiveness of online methods of learning and to decide their feasibility and appropriateness for music students. Thus, this research aimed to provide an analysis of Music Students’ Perception towered Music E-learning Education during COVID-19 Pandemic, to study the situation of musicians in COVID-19 and to study music Distance learning knowledge, attitudes and practices and to develop suggestions for solving the problems. A sample of (83) students from the music department in the University of Jordan completed a questionnaire. An online survey distributed The survey sought population and socio-economic information and information relating to electronic and online musical training; musical education during the COVID 19 pandemic; mental music assessments; and the skills, attitudes and practices of E-learning. Most respondents (76.2%) agreed that Distance learning is applicable in music department. While (54.2 %) of the respondents agreed Distance learning is a possible substitute for standard education. However, E-learning has actually been created as a modern way of improving the process of learning and improving learning performance.</text>
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            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="45851">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2022 HUSSAM fakhouri, Nedal Nusirat</text>
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                <text>International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM); Vol. 16 No. 06 (2022); pp. 135-158</text>
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                <text>1865-7923</text>
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="45855">
                <text>COVID-19</text>
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                <text>pandemic</text>
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                <text>Distance learning</text>
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                <text>Music Students’ Perception Towards Music Distance Learning Education During COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-Sectional Study in Jordan</text>
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              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM)</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="45815">
                <text>Singh, Kuldip Kaur Maktiar</text>
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                <text>Vijayarajoo, Angeline Ranjethamoney</text>
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                <text>Colaco, Lydia</text>
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                <text>Gobil, Abdul Rahman bin Mohamad</text>
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                <text>Increasingly, most communication in current times are online and this characteristic has been heightened due to restrictions caused by the Pandemic. During online communication, the art and etiquette of communication is often omitted. We, the researchers observed that online interactions tend to be careless and too quick with expressions of anger or just, communication that is quick, resulting in sometimes inadvertent rude, abrupt and ambiguous communication.  Hence, to address this problem, we designed a mobile app called, “Wait”. The objectives of this app are to enable students and members of the public, to “wait”, think and refer to alternative ways on how to begin, end and use specific keywords in response to various general situations using polite expressions. This app is an easy- to- use mobile app. The researchers conducted a preliminary study with school and college students whereby they were given online questionnaires before and after using the Apps. The results showed positive feedback, in the form of polite and effective communication after the use of the app. </text>
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                <text>https://online-journals.org/index.php/i-jim/article/view/27191</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="45823">
                <text>10.3991/ijim.v16i09.27191</text>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="45824">
                <text>eng</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="45825">
                <text>International Association of Online Engineering (IAOE), Vienna, Austria</text>
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            <description>A related resource</description>
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                <text>https://online-journals.org/index.php/i-jim/article/view/27191/11251</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="45827">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2022 KULDIP KAUR MAKTIAR SINGH, ANGELINE RANJETHAMONEY VIJAYARAJOO, Lydia Colaco, Abdul Rahman Mohamad Gobil</text>
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                <text>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</text>
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            <name>Source</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="45829">
                <text>International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM); Vol. 16 No. 09 (2022); pp. 4-27</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="45830">
                <text>1865-7923</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="45831">
                <text>mobile app</text>
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                <text>mobile learning</text>
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                <text>online communication</text>
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                <text>polite expressions</text>
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                <text>‘WAIT’ … A Mobile App To Navigate and Assist Towards Polite and Effective Online Communication.</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="15984">
                  <text>International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM)</text>
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      <name>Dataset</name>
      <description>Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing.</description>
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          <element elementId="39">
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            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="45785">
                <text>Al Ahmad, Ayat Nizar</text>
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                <text>Obeidallah, Randa Ali</text>
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                <text>The global Covid-19 lockdown had shifted traditional learning in universities toward the full implementation of eLearning. This new way of learning had overcome many challenges and showed many potentials as well. During Covid-19; Information Technology students in Hashemite University had experienced learning programming languages labs using different platforms.  Six labs are available: Introduction to C++, Object oriented programming 1, Object oriented programming 2, Visual basic programming, Web programming and introduction to Database. In this paper, the transition of learning programming labs is highlighted based upon students’ perception. New teaching methodology is proposed and applied for teaching programming labs courses completely remotely, the proposed methodology has been assessed out of web structured survey and direct assessment of students.  The results showed that the suggested teaching model for teaching online programming labs successes  preliminary in creating online practical programming environment similar to that available during face-to-face teaching at university, however the methodology must be revised to modify the adopted online programming evaluation system to become more reliable and fair.</text>
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                <text>https://online-journals.org/index.php/i-jim/article/view/27123</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="45791">
                <text>10.3991/ijim.v16i05.27123</text>
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                <text>International Association of Online Engineering (IAOE), Vienna, Austria</text>
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                <text>https://online-journals.org/index.php/i-jim/article/view/27123/10883</text>
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            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="45795">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2022 Ayat Nizar Al Ahmad, Randa Ali Obeidallah</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="45796">
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                <text>International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM); Vol. 16 No. 05 (2022); pp. 62-80</text>
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                <text>1865-7923</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="45799">
                <text>ICT</text>
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                <text>VLEs</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="45801">
                <text>Distance Learning</text>
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                <text>Facebook</text>
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                <text>Studying the Effectiveness of a Proposed Methodology for Teaching Programming Labs Online and Students’ Perspectives toward it during COVID-19: A Case Study of Hashemite University</text>
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