1 10 28 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Journal Of Military History and Defence Studies Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available National University of Ireland, Maynooth Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource National University of Ireland, Maynooth Language A language of the resource English Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Lennon, Mark Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2020-12-04 Description An account of the resource Responding to a dearth of literature on the subject, this paper explores and examines what motivates people to join the Irish Defence Forces. In addition, it examines recruitment strategy and policy within the Defence Forces, in order to assess the degree to which this is appropriate to meet current needs. The paper explores the difficulties and challenges that all militaries currently face in attracting, enlisting, and retaining the required numbers of new recruits, with reference to current scholarship and to ideas relating to motivational theory. Analysis of the Irish case is based on a qualitative research design situated within an interpretive paradigm. Utilising a mixed methods methodology, data was collected through the use of focus groups, questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. Findings from this research indicate that themes such as pride, challenge and self- improvement appear to be strong motivating factors for recruitment. On the basis of this, a number of recommendations are suggested including key policy changes and resource investment that will assist the Defence Forces in addressing both the challenges of military recruitment both now and in the future. Please note that the views expressed in this article are those of the author alone and should not be taken to represent the views of the Irish Defence Forces, the Command and Staff School or any other group or organisation. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context http://ojs.maynoothuniversity.ie/ojs/index.php/jmhds/article/view/34 10.33232/JMHDS.1.2.34 Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Maynooth Academic Publishing Relation A related resource http://ojs.maynoothuniversity.ie/ojs/index.php/jmhds/article/view/34/31 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright (c) 2020 Journal Of Military History and Defence Studies https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Journal Of Military History and Defence Studies; Vol. 1 No. 2 (2020): Journal of Military History and Defence Studies, November 2020; 40-74 2712-0171 Subject The topic of the resource Recruitment Retention Motivation Irish Defence Forces Ireland military Title A name given to the resource "Strengthen the Nation": Exploring the Motivating Factors Leading to Irish Defence Forces Recruitment Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Journal Of Military History and Defence Studies Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available National University of Ireland, Maynooth Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource National University of Ireland, Maynooth Language A language of the resource English Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource O'Regan, Anthony Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2021-11-19 Description An account of the resource This article examines the early voluntary turnover of enlisted personnel within the Irish Naval Service. The purpose of the study is to explore current challenges facing the organisation regarding the retention of young, recently enlisted personnel. The paper adopts a qualitative research design with an interpretivist approach and draws on semistructured interviews undertaken with key respondents from the Irish Naval Service. The article explores different models for understanding the turnover process and makes recommendations with relevance for current and future policy. Key findings include the urgent need for theIrish Naval Service to develop a retention strategy for young enlisted personnel, and also the need for recruits to be made aware of the realities of life at sea before joining and before they are posted to sea. The paper identifies that, without significant change, the Naval Service may face an ongoing crisis regarding the retention of enlisted personnel. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context http://ojs.maynoothuniversity.ie/ojs/index.php/jmhds/article/view/51 10.33232/JMHDS.2.1.150 Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Maynooth Academic Publishing Relation A related resource http://ojs.maynoothuniversity.ie/ojs/index.php/jmhds/article/view/51/44 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright (c) 2021 Journal Of Military History and Defence Studies https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Journal Of Military History and Defence Studies; Vol. 2 No. 1 (2021): JMHDS Vol.2 No. 1 2021; 150-180 2712-0171 Subject The topic of the resource Irish Naval Service Irish Defence Forces retention enlisted personnel Title A name given to the resource All Vision, No Substance; are Unmet Expectations a Key Factor in the Voluntary Turnover and Discharge of Enlisted Personnel in the Naval Service? Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Journal Of Military History and Defence Studies Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available National University of Ireland, Maynooth Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource National University of Ireland, Maynooth Language A language of the resource English Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Dorgan, James Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2020-02-09 Description An account of the resource This paper examines the development of British naval aviation in the period 1908 to 1914 in the light of modern theories of military innovation. The case is of particular interest because it took place in peacetime in a force which had enjoyed global supremacy for a century, strong contra-indications of the inclination and the capacity for organisational change. The case study examines the development of British naval aviation along two dimensions of innovation: strategy and technology.  The analytical tools are the four schools of ‘Military Innovation Theory’ as identified by Grissom. The evidence is derived from the relatively limited body of secondary material and the archives of the Admiralty, the Air Ministry and the Cabinet. The evidence from these sources seems to indicate that what Grissom refers to as the ‘civil military’ theory is the most persuasive.  This theory was originated by Posen in 1984 and relies heavily on neo-realist approaches to international relations. It holds that while the default position of the military is conservative, the international environment generates challenges which prompt political leaders to insist the military respond.  The decisions of the Liberal Government, and especially of Churchill from 1911, seem to reflect this position. The other theory which offers some purchase is the ‘cultural’ theory which Grissom associates with Theo Farrell. In this theory the behaviour of the military is determined by values and traditions.  In the case of the Royal Navy, the officer corps was technically oriented as a result of education and experience and this facilitated the development of naval aviation. The paper demonstrates that by itself, naval technical competence would not have brought the naval air service to the relatively high level it had attained by August 1914. That required the intervention of the civil authorities responding in the fashion prescribed by the  civil military theory.  Culture was facilitative but the neo-realist processes were determinative. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context http://ojs.maynoothuniversity.ie/ojs/index.php/jmhds/article/view/10 10.33232/JMHDS.1.1.10 Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Maynooth Academic Publishing Relation A related resource http://ojs.maynoothuniversity.ie/ojs/index.php/jmhds/article/view/10/12 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright (c) 2020 Journal Of Military History and Defence Studies https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Journal Of Military History and Defence Studies; Vol. 1 No. 1 (2020): Journal of Military History and Defence Studies, January 2020 2712-0171 Subject The topic of the resource British Naval Aviation Royal Navy First World War Royal Aircraft Factory military innovation Title A name given to the resource British Naval Aviation 1908-1914: A Case Study of Military Innovation Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Journal Of Military History and Defence Studies Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available National University of Ireland, Maynooth Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource National University of Ireland, Maynooth Language A language of the resource English Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Carroll, Jonathan Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2020-02-09 Description An account of the resource In 2013 the Irish Defence Forces went under significant reorganisation. Part of this organisation entailed integrating the Irish Army Reserve into the Defence Forces, as part of the ‘Single Force Concept’. Ostensibly, the Single Force Concept sought to provide a more reliable, fit for purpose, reserve force. However, this article argues that the concept has failed and that the Army Reserve is almost unusable. The article evaluates each service corps and provides an analysis of Reserve capabilities.  This shows that the training of the force is suboptimal for augmenting the regular army in an emergency, and that a gap exists between what government policy wants the Reserve to do, and what it is actually capable of doing. This has resulted in an unusable reserve force with questionable utility. This article also highlights the difficulty of establishing the qualitative strength of the Army Reserve in the absence of appropriate means of defining what is meant by an ‘effective’ reservist, and explores the detrimental consequences of paltry financial investment in sustaining, developing, or enabling the Reserve as an effective force. It argues that the Single Force Concept has failed because it did not remedy the fundamental pre-existing flaws that plagued the various iterations of the Irish reserve land component prior to 2013, nor did it attempt to bring the Army Reserve into line with international best practice regarding reserve forces. The article concludes by arguing that the current Irish reserve model is unsustainable, and that fundamental changes are required in order to make the force usable to the State, and to prevent it from collapsing altogether. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context http://ojs.maynoothuniversity.ie/ojs/index.php/jmhds/article/view/8 10.33232/JMHDS.1.1.8 Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Maynooth Academic Publishing Relation A related resource http://ojs.maynoothuniversity.ie/ojs/index.php/jmhds/article/view/8/10 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright (c) 2020 Journal Of Military History and Defence Studies https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Journal Of Military History and Defence Studies; Vol. 1 No. 1 (2020): Journal of Military History and Defence Studies, January 2020 2712-0171 Subject The topic of the resource Ireland Irish Defence Forces Reserve Defence Forces RDF Single Force Concept Title A name given to the resource Conceptually Ambitious, Hardly Novel, and Currently Failing: The Irish Army Reserve in the Single Force Concept. Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Journal Of Military History and Defence Studies Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available National University of Ireland, Maynooth Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource National University of Ireland, Maynooth Language A language of the resource English Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Moloney, Elaine Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2021-11-19 Description An account of the resource The Irish Defence Forces is committed to increasing female participation to 12 per cent by 2023. However, numbers have never surpassed 8 per cent. Thisarticle aims to shine a light on a possible explanation or contributing factor of this by exploring the relationship between stereotypes, linguistic bias, andgender inequalities in the Irish Naval Service (NS). Building on Beukeboom and Burgers’ Social Categories and Stereotypes Communications (SCSC)framework, this study asks if gender stereotypes and gender biased language exist in the NS and, if so, how prevalent are they and what are theirconsequences on gender inequality in the organisation. This study highlights a reliance on gender roles within the NS which ascribe men a higher status than women and which view women as mothers. Consequently, women appear to be unfairly disadvantaged when it comes to career progression and advancement. The study also suggests that men are inclined to portray themselves in a more favourable light while also highlighting the negative behaviours of women. These findings support the notion that gender stereotypes and gender biased language are active in the NS and suggest a relationship between their use and gender inequalities in the NS. On this basis, it is recommended that NS adopts an integrated and continuous training programme that raises greater awareness of stereotypes, linguistic biases, and the negative consequences of their use. Further research is needed to identify further areas that stereotypes, and linguistic biases could be contributing to gender inequalities in the NS. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context http://ojs.maynoothuniversity.ie/ojs/index.php/jmhds/article/view/49 10.33232/JMHDS.2.1.94 Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Maynooth Academic Publishing Relation A related resource http://ojs.maynoothuniversity.ie/ojs/index.php/jmhds/article/view/49/42 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright (c) 2021 Journal Of Military History and Defence Studies https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Journal Of Military History and Defence Studies; Vol. 2 No. 1 (2021): JMHDS Vol.2 No. 1 2021; 94-132 2712-0171 Subject The topic of the resource Irish Naval Service Irish Defence Forces gender equality stereotypes linguistic bias gender inequality Title A name given to the resource Do Words Really Never Harm Us? An Exploration of the Relationship between Stereotypes, Linguistic Bias and Gender Inequalities in the Irish Naval Service Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Journal Of Military History and Defence Studies Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available National University of Ireland, Maynooth Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource National University of Ireland, Maynooth Language A language of the resource English Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Sayen, George Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2022-10-05 Description An account of the resource The article seeks to reassess certain key decisions by the leadership of the Greek Field Army of Asia Minor (FAAM) in connection with the battle of the Sakarya River (23 August to 14 September 1921), at which the FAAM reached the high water mark of its campaign against the Turkish Nationalist forces during the Greco-Turkish War of 1919 – 1922.   The article focuses on the Greek decisions (i) to exploit their victory at  Eskişehir in July 1921 by crossing the Sakarya river and attempting to capture the Nationalist capital of Ankara, (ii) to attack the Nationalist forces arrayed behind the Sakarya river by way of an envelopment of their southern flank rather than a direct assault and (iii) to abandon the offensive and withdraw on 11-13 September 1921.  The article argues that the historiography of the campaign, particularly in English, has tended to be overly critical of the first of the above decisions and insufficiently critical of the latter two.  It concludes that (i) there were compelling reasons for the FAAM to make a determined attempt to capture Ankara despite the challenges and risks of doing so, (ii) the plan of battle was overly complex and risky from a tactical and a logistical standpoint whilst a direct assault across the river might have been more effective and involved less risk, and (iii) the withdrawal may have been premature.   While it has been argued that the Sakarya river campaign is a classic illustration of Clausewitz’s concept of a ‘culminating point’,  at which an offensive pushed too far yields the advantage to the defender, the article argues that it has just as much to teach about Clausewitz’s countervailing principle of ‘continuity’, which holds that an insufficiently aggressive follow up of an initial victory can lead to unnecessary defeat.   Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context http://ojs.maynoothuniversity.ie/ojs/index.php/jmhds/article/view/69 10.33232/JMHDS.3.1.69 Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Maynooth Academic Publishing Relation A related resource http://ojs.maynoothuniversity.ie/ojs/index.php/jmhds/article/view/69/61 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright (c) 2022 CC BY 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Journal Of Military History and Defence Studies; Vol. 3 No. 1 (2022): Journal of Military History and Defence Studies; 40-76 2712-0171 Subject The topic of the resource Culminating Point Greco-Turkish War Sakarya River Battle of Sakarya River Principle of Continuity Title A name given to the resource Greek Decision-Making and the Battle of the Sakarya River, 1921: Towards a New Assessment? Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Journal Of Military History and Defence Studies Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available National University of Ireland, Maynooth Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource National University of Ireland, Maynooth Language A language of the resource English Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Ti, Ronald Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2021-11-19 Description An account of the resource This article examines the question of how NATO employs instruments of power as it prepares for a possible defence against aggression from a potential adversary. It will attempt to answer this question by applying the various instruments of national power to form a qualitative assessment of the degree to which NATO exerts itself in these those power domains and how effectively these prepare NATO for conventional warfare. The article will consider how these instruments of national power, as represented by the ‘DIMEFIL’ acronym, can be applied and quantified as NATO’s own ‘supranational’ power parameters. Notwithstanding the obvious fact that NATO cannot be considered as a ‘national’ entity, nevertheless this article argues that such an analysis provides sufficient validity to produce observations and derive reliable conclusions. Whether such an analysis can shed light on NATO’s level of preparedness in fighting- and winning- a conventional European land conflict is the principal consideration of this article. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context http://ojs.maynoothuniversity.ie/ojs/index.php/jmhds/article/view/50 10.33232/JMHDS.2.1.133 Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Maynooth Academic Publishing Relation A related resource http://ojs.maynoothuniversity.ie/ojs/index.php/jmhds/article/view/50/43 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright (c) 2021 Journal Of Military History and Defence Studies https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Journal Of Military History and Defence Studies; Vol. 2 No. 1 (2021): JMHDS Vol.2 No. 1 2021; 133-149 2712-0171 Subject The topic of the resource NATO DIMEFIL power instruments of power Title A name given to the resource How Does NATO Apply Instruments of Power as it Prepares for the Possibility of Conventional Warfare Against a Peer Adversary? Applying a ‘DIMEFIL’ analysis. Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Journal Of Military History and Defence Studies Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available National University of Ireland, Maynooth Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource National University of Ireland, Maynooth Language A language of the resource English Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gorey, Conor Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2021-11-19 Description An account of the resource This article examines the ability of the Irish Defence Forces (DF) Cadet School to produce officers of character and competence. Character is central to the military leader; it is a requirement of mission command and it is a force multiplier in Peace Support Operations that the DF are engaged in. The article examines the literature surrounding character development and the structures in place in the Cadet School and the wider DF to support character development. This is compared to academic theories and international practices in other military academies. The article identifies the current processes, as they are understood by those who have instructed in the Cadet School and those who have recently passed through the training program. The article outlines how the processes in the Cadet School do develop character, primarily through the actions of the instructors but this is not supported by an explicit character development program. The article outlines a proposed framework for the development of a Character Education program encompassing existing structures, such as the Cadet SchoolEthos and the DF Values. This could be further used to operationalise the DF Values in action and enhance leader development across the DF.  Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context http://ojs.maynoothuniversity.ie/ojs/index.php/jmhds/article/view/47 10.33232/JMHDS.2.1.21 Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Maynooth Academic Publishing Relation A related resource http://ojs.maynoothuniversity.ie/ojs/index.php/jmhds/article/view/47/40 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright (c) 2021 Journal Of Military History and Defence Studies https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Journal Of Military History and Defence Studies; Vol. 2 No. 1 (2021): JMHDS Vol.2 No. 1 2021; 21-59 2712-0171 Subject The topic of the resource PME Cadet School Irish Defence Forces Professional Military Education Leadership Title A name given to the resource How Effectively is the Cadet School Able to Develop Leaders of Character? Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Journal Of Military History and Defence Studies Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available National University of Ireland, Maynooth Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource National University of Ireland, Maynooth Language A language of the resource English Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource McCorry, Niall Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2021-11-19 Description An account of the resource In spite of several high-profile cases of radicalisation in recent years, Ireland does not appear to have formulated a coherent response, unlike most other European countries. This paper aims to answer the central research question: how should the Irish state respond to the radicalisation of Irish citizens in support of Islamist terrorism? A review of the literature on radicalisation was conducted, based upon the models of radicalisation set forth by Wiktorowicz (2004) andPrecht (2007) which have identified possible indicators of radicalisation. As the literature on the subject is somewhat sparse relating to the Irish context, the counter-radicalisation strategies of the United Kingdom (UK) and Denmark were examined for international comparison. The study was carried out as a qualitative, phenomenological research project using mixed methods. Documentary analysis of relevant Irish, UK, and Danish government publications was followed by the conduct of semi-structured elite interviews. It is apparent that this country does not have a proactive approach to security issues in general, andradicalisation in particular. Interviewees were strong in their support for the adoption of more clearly defined measures to counter Islamist radicalisation specific to the context in this country, though there is no clear consensus on the best path forward. The complex individual nature of the radicalisation process, and the impact of external influences, were recognised as key considerations. The need for widespread consultation, at the expert level, on the crafting of thestate’s response was also emphasised, given the risks involved in a poorly conceptualised approach. Community cohesion emerged as an important topic, and may form the basis for an effective response, along with training for appropriate professionals and sensitisation of the population to the dangers of the issue. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context http://ojs.maynoothuniversity.ie/ojs/index.php/jmhds/article/view/48 10.33232/JMHDS.2.1.60 Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Maynooth Academic Publishing Relation A related resource http://ojs.maynoothuniversity.ie/ojs/index.php/jmhds/article/view/48/41 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright (c) 2021 Journal Of Military History and Defence Studies https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Journal Of Military History and Defence Studies; Vol. 2 No. 1 (2021): JMHDS Vol.2 No. 1 2021; 60-93 2712-0171 Subject The topic of the resource Ireland radicalisation Islamic terrorism Irish defence policy terrorism Title A name given to the resource How Should the Irish State Respond to the Radicalisation of Irish Citizens in Support of Islamist Terrorism? Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Journal Of Military History and Defence Studies Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available National University of Ireland, Maynooth Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource National University of Ireland, Maynooth Language A language of the resource English Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource O'Grady, Maeve Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2023-03-21 Description An account of the resource Josep Borrell, Vice President of the European Commission, set out his fears that the EU was at risk of being “always principled but seldom relevant” (2021, p. 2). International law could be said to be similarly threatened, particularly in relation to cyberoperations, in respect of which its application has been strongly challenged. While states now broadly agree that international law applies in cyberspace, how it applies remains uncertain and contested. This paper analyses why the application of international law to cyberspace has been so fraught with difficulties and considers whether international law can provide the Irish State with a means of enhancing its cybersecurity and deterring state-led cyberoperations below the threshold of armed conflict. The paper finds that the application of international law in cyberspace is problematic due to the manifestation of cyberoperations below the jus ad bellum threshold, and the challenging geopolitical environment that inhibits agreement on the principles of the international law of cyberoperations. International law is an object of dispute (Delerue, Douzet, & Gery, 2020, p. 15) and arguments on the application of international law in cyberspace represent states’ strategic positions in the evolving geopolitical power struggle. The paper finds that, as cyberoperations are transnational, unilateral responses cannot be effective, and that small states have an interest in promoting international law and norms to create a more favourable international environment. The paper concludes that, as international law continues to exert a normative force on state behaviour, it has the potential to regulate sub-threshold cyberoperations as part of the comprehensive approach to cybersecurity. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context http://ojs.maynoothuniversity.ie/ojs/index.php/jmhds/article/view/78 10.33232/JMHDS.4.1.78 Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Maynooth Academic Publishing Relation A related resource http://ojs.maynoothuniversity.ie/ojs/index.php/jmhds/article/view/78/68 http://ojs.maynoothuniversity.ie/ojs/index.php/jmhds/article/view/78/69 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright (c) 2023 Journal Of Military History and Defence Studies https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Journal Of Military History and Defence Studies; Vol. 4 No. 1 (2023): Journal of Military History and Defence Studies; 4-39 2712-0171 Subject The topic of the resource cyberspace international law cyber operations cyber law of armed conflict Title A name given to the resource International Law and the Regulation of Cyberoperations Below the Jus Ad Bellum Threshold. An Irish Cybersecurity Perspective Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article