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                <text>Allsop, James</text>
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                <text>No institution, including the courts, can disregard technology. This article discusses the&amp;nbsp;role of the courts in the uptake of technology. It considers the question of how to best&amp;nbsp;incorporate useful technologies while maintaining the fundamentally human&amp;nbsp;character of courts as public institutions. It assesses some of the challenges that may&amp;nbsp;arise along the way. These include practical obstacles such as the need for behavioural&amp;nbsp;change across the profession, ensuring access to (and not obstruction of) justice, and&amp;nbsp;the implications of the use of big data and artificial intelligence for public trust and&amp;nbsp;confidence in the courts as core public institutions.</text>
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                <text>The University of Queensland Law Journal; Vol. 38 No. 1 (2019): The University of Queensland Law Journal; 1-14</text>
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                <text>Technology and the Future of the Courts</text>
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                <text>Class actions are legal proceedings brought on behalf of numerous persons, known as&amp;nbsp;group members. When a class action settles for a monetary payment to compensate&amp;nbsp;the group members, the payment needs to be divided among the group members. The&amp;nbsp;division and distribution takes place pursuant to a court-approved settlement&amp;nbsp;distribution scheme (‘SDS’). Although the SDS is central to the determination of the&amp;nbsp;actual amount that an individual group member receives from a class action&amp;nbsp;settlement, the design and operation of SDSs have attracted little critical attention.&amp;nbsp;This article seeks to start the process of elucidating the operation of SDSs by explaining&amp;nbsp;three main types of class action SDS: (1) global sum with formula; (2) global sum with&amp;nbsp;individualised assessment; and (3) process approach. The article then draws on those&amp;nbsp;SDS models and class action settlement decisions to develop guiding principles or steps&amp;nbsp;for the design of an SDS.</text>
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                <text>The University of Queensland Law Journal; Vol. 38 No. 1 (2019): The University of Queensland Law Journal; 15-39</text>
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                <text>Australian Class Action Settlement Distributions Scheme Design: Deciding Who Gets What</text>
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                <text>Flannigan, Robert</text>
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                <text>There is a substantive distinction between accessories who do, and those who do not,&amp;nbsp;undertake to serve the beneficiaries of a fiduciary function. Where the access of&amp;nbsp;accessories to beneficiary assets is limited, they are directly accountable as fiduciaries&amp;nbsp;to the beneficiaries. Today that distinction is not widely understood. Many seem to&amp;nbsp;assume that the accountability of accessories is defined exclusively by the law of&amp;nbsp;knowing (dishonest) assistance. Understanding the distinction should clarify the&amp;nbsp;nature of both forms of accountability.</text>
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                <text>https://journal.law.uq.edu.au/index.php/uqlj/article/view/1543/1289</text>
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                <text>The University of Queensland Law Journal; Vol. 38 No. 1 (2019): The University of Queensland Law Journal; 41-80</text>
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                <text>1839-289X</text>
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                <text>Fiduciary Accessories</text>
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                <text>Douglas, James</text>
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                <text>This article focuses on a relatively unexamined aspect of the life of the late Sir Harry&amp;nbsp;Gibbs: his war service, particularly in and associated with Papua New Guinea, and the&amp;nbsp;influence of that connection on his legal education and some, at least, of his later legal&amp;nbsp;work as a barrister and judge.</text>
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                <text>The University of Queensland Law Journal; Vol. 38 No. 1 (2019): The University of Queensland Law Journal; 81-98</text>
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                <text>1839-289X</text>
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                <text>Sir Harry Gibbs and Papua New Guinea</text>
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                <text>Raj, Matthew</text>
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                <text>Mobile phones are more than just telephonic devices; they have the capability to store,&amp;nbsp;retrieve and access potentially endless meta-data, including the personal information&amp;nbsp;of an individual and his or her associates. In a landmark decision of 2014, the United&amp;nbsp;States Supreme Court unanimously deemed unconstitutional the warrantless search&amp;nbsp;and seizure of the digital contents of a mobile phone during an arrest. Five years on,&amp;nbsp;in Queensland, the warrantless search by the police of a detained person’s mobile&amp;nbsp;phone can be considered standard investigative procedure. This article examines the&amp;nbsp;legitimacy of existing Queensland police powers to conduct a physical search of a&amp;nbsp;detained person’s mobile phone. The core argument advanced is that, on a spectrum&amp;nbsp;of property capable of being searched, a mobile phone should be considered more akin&amp;nbsp;to a person’s private home than their handbag or wallet. The article highlights the&amp;nbsp;hazards of police searches of mobile phones that are conducted in the absence of an&amp;nbsp;adequate framework of legal control and judicial oversight, and it recommends&amp;nbsp;greater legal safeguards to govern existing police powers to search mobile phones.</text>
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                <text>Australia introduced its first espionage offence in 1914. This was repealed in 2002 and&amp;nbsp;replaced with four new offences. Just 16 years later, these offences have again been the&amp;nbsp;subject of legislative change; in June 2018, they were repealed and replaced with 27&amp;nbsp;new offences. Justifications for the introduction of both the 2002 and 2018 offences&amp;nbsp;were on the grounds that existing offences (relevantly the original 1914 offence or the&amp;nbsp;2002 offenses) failed to capture modern espionage practices, deter espionage activity&amp;nbsp;and secure convictions. Examination of the original and 2002 offences demonstrated&amp;nbsp;that, in these respects, those offences failed to address espionage used today. The 2018&amp;nbsp;offences, however, remedy that failure and are therefore necessary to effectively&amp;nbsp;address espionage used in today’s world. Despite this, the broad nature of conduct&amp;nbsp;criminalised by some of the offences raises concerns over criminalisation of conduct&amp;nbsp;that may have an innocent explanation. Further concerns arise over the number and&amp;nbsp;overlapping nature of the new offences. Discussion of these issues may provide useful&amp;nbsp;insights for movements toward law reform in the United Kingdom and other Five Eyes&amp;nbsp;nations.</text>
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                <text>The University of Queensland Law Journal; Vol. 38 No. 1 (2019): The University of Queensland Law Journal; 125-162</text>
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                <text>Australia's New Espionage Laws: Another Case of Hyper-Legislation and Over-Criminalisation</text>
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                <text>Humanity now possesses the capacity and technology to pursue radical human&amp;nbsp;enhancement, presenting fundamental challenges for the regulation of elite sport. In&amp;nbsp;order to regulate not only performance enhancement, but also human enhancement,&amp;nbsp;the World Anti-Doping Agency must articulate the legitimate public interest of elite&amp;nbsp;sport so as to justify its regulatory mandate to prescribe strict-liability offences. This&amp;nbsp;article argues that the necessary public interest in elite sport is the pursuit of human&amp;nbsp;excellence, passively pursued through the concept of spectatorship. On this basis, a&amp;nbsp;two-limb test is offered to reorient and guide the regulation of enhanced athletes. This&amp;nbsp;conceptual rationale and subsequent test provide clarity where advances in technology&amp;nbsp;increasingly blur the distinction between performance enhancement and human&amp;nbsp;enhancement.</text>
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                <text>The University of Queensland Law Journal; Vol. 38 No. 1 (2019): The University of Queensland Law Journal; 163-181</text>
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                <text>1839-289X</text>
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                <text>Faster, Higher, Stronger, Upgraded: A Conceptual Basis for the Future Regulation of Elite Sport</text>
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                <text>We are very pleased to introduce this special issue of The University of Queensland Law Journal on expert evidence. As many readers will be aware, expert evidence remains a contentious issue both in Australia and abroad. Questions have been raised, for instance, about the reliability of many traditional fields of expert evidence, biases experts may carry with them into court, and the risk of trials transforming into battles of experts. We hope that this special issue contributes to the ongoing discussion.</text>
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                <text>The University of Queensland Law Journal; Vol. 38 No. 2 (2019): Special issue on expert evidence; 183-4</text>
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                <text>1839-289X</text>
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                <text>10.38127/uqlj.v38i2</text>
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                <text>Introduction to the Special Issue on Expert Evidence</text>
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                <text>The adversarialist approach to criminal justice places a premium on autonomy, efficiency and finality. It trusts that giving parties control will put reliable comprehensive evidence before the trial court. Where forensic science evidence is involved, this trust is often misplaced, and factual accuracy suffers. Often, prosecution forensic science evidence is of unknown reliability and biased, yet the trial judge stays above the fray and allows its admission, the defence lacks the resources to challenge it successfully, and the jury defers to the expert and convicts. On appeal, the appeal court is wary of challenging the jury verdict and reluctant to allow the defence a recontest with bolstered evidence or a different strategy. Post appeal, the opportunities for correction are more limited still. The adversarialist approach to forensic science evidence has contributed to many wrongful convictions. Courts should adopt a more interventionist and informed approach to forensic science evidence.</text>
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                <text>The University of Queensland Law Journal; Vol. 38 No. 2 (2019): Special issue on expert evidence; 185-236</text>
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                <text>1839-289X</text>
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                <text>Forensic Science Evidence, Wrongful Convictions and Adversarial Process</text>
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                <text>Legal commentators widely agree that forensic examiners should articulate the reasons for their opinions. However, findings from cognitive science strongly suggest that people have little insight into the information they rely on to make decisions. And as individuals gain expertise, they rely more on cognitive shortcuts that are not directly accessible through introspection. That is to say, the expert’s mind is a black box — both to the expert and to the trier of fact. This article focuses on black box expertise in the context of forensic examiners who interpret visual pattern evidence (eg fingerprints). The authors review black box expertise through the lens of cognitive scientific research. They then suggest that the black box nature of this expertise strains common law admissibility rules and trial safeguards.</text>
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                <text>The University of Queensland Law Journal; Vol. 38 No. 2 (2019): Special issue on expert evidence; 237-260</text>
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                <text>1839-289X</text>
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                <text>The Legal and Scientific Challenge of Black Box Expertise</text>
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