10 10 125 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Canadian Journal of European and Russian Studies Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Castillo, Juan-Camilo Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2007-10-01 Description An account of the resource The main objective of this article is to analyze how the European Union, through its Security and Defence Policy, has become a rational actor in international security matters since the end of the Cold War. It will analyze the close relation that exists between European integration and the notion of continental collective security. Also the new post-Cold War concerns that present a potential risk to the EU are going to be examined, and consequently how they affect the rationality of this institution as an actor. Finally the last section will explore the divergence between Europe and America in matters of security and the way this political drift may create a situation in which NATO can become irrelevant in regards of European defence.   Full text available at: https://doi.org/10.22215/rera.v3i3.189 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://ojs.library.carleton.ca/index.php/CJERS/article/view/2441 10.22215/cjers.v3i3.2441 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Centre for European Studies, Carleton University Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Canadian Journal of European and Russian Studies; 2007: RERA V3:3 The European Union Defence and Security Policy (backfile abstracts) 2562-8429 10.22215/cjers.v3i3 Title A name given to the resource The European Security and Defence Policy: Defining the European Union as a Rational Actor in International Security Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Canadian Journal of European and Russian Studies Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Al-Fattal, Rouba Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2007-10-01 Description An account of the resource   Canada and the European Union (EU) share, to a certain extent, a similar political culture, one based on multilateralism and the use of soft power. Nevertheless, over the past fifteen years Canada has been sometimes adopting disarmament policies that are similar to those of the EU and different from those of the US, while in other times it has been adopting policies that are similar to those of the US and different from those of the EU. This indicates that similarity in political culture alone is not sufficient enough to create convergence on foreign policies and that certain conditions must first be met for political culture to take precedence over neorealist explanations when dealing with security issues. Using Canadian, EU and US decisions on the issues of anti-personnel landmines and Iranian nuclear proliferation dilemma as case studies, this article analyses the conditions under which political culture plays a role in forming similar security policies.   Full text available at: https://doi.org/10.22215/rera.v3i3.188 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://ojs.library.carleton.ca/index.php/CJERS/article/view/2440 10.22215/cjers.v3i3.2440 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Centre for European Studies, Carleton University Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Canadian Journal of European and Russian Studies; 2007: RERA V3:3 The European Union Defence and Security Policy (backfile abstracts) 2562-8429 10.22215/cjers.v3i3 Title A name given to the resource The Role of Political Culture in Shaping Canadian, EU and US Disarmament Initiatives Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Canadian Journal of European and Russian Studies Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Chira, Gabriela Elena Chira-Pascanut, Constantin Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2007-10-01 Description An account of the resource not available   Full text available at: https://doi.org/10.22215/rera.v3i3.187 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://ojs.library.carleton.ca/index.php/CJERS/article/view/2439 10.22215/cjers.v3i3.2439 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Centre for European Studies, Carleton University Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Canadian Journal of European and Russian Studies; 2007: RERA V3:3 The European Union Defence and Security Policy (backfile abstracts) 2562-8429 10.22215/cjers.v3i3 Title A name given to the resource The Post-1989 World: A Crisis of Western Identity Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Canadian Journal of European and Russian Studies Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Vandemoorteele, Antoine Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2007-08-01 Description An account of the resource This article analyzes the role of the European Union (EU) and Canada in the promotion of Security Sector Reforms (SSR) activities in two regional organizations, the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). The concept of SSR seeks to address the effective governance of security in post-conflict environment by transforming the security institutions within a country in order for them to have more efficient, legitimate and democratic role in implementing security. Recent debates within the EU have led to the adoption of an SSR concept from the Council and a new strategy from the European Commission on the SSR activities. Within the framework of the ESDP, the EU has positioned itself as a leading actor, in this domain, including in its crisis management operations. On the other hand, Canada, through its whole-of government and human security programs has also been an important actor in the promotion of SSR activities. Yet, even though several international organizations (including the United Nations, the OSCE and NATO) are effectively doing SSR activities on the ground, there does not exist a common framework within any of these organizations despite the role of the EU and Canada. As such, it is surprising to found no global common policy for SSR while this approach is precisely holistic in its foundations. Taking these elements into consideration, this paper analyzes two specific aspects : a) the absence of a common policy framework within international organizations and b) the major differences between the approaches of the OSCE and NATO in the domain of SSR and the implications for the EU and Canada’ roles.   Full extt available at: https://doi.org/10.22215/rera.v3i2.186 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://ojs.library.carleton.ca/index.php/CJERS/article/view/2438 10.22215/cjers.v3i2.2438 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Centre for European Studies, Carleton University Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Canadian Journal of European and Russian Studies; 2007: RERA V3:2 New Foreign Policy Challenges and Canada-EU Relations (backfile abstracts) 2562-8429 10.22215/cjers.v3i2 Title A name given to the resource The promotion of security sector reform strategies: Comparing the roles of the European Union and Canada Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Canadian Journal of European and Russian Studies Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource St-Pierre, Kristine Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2007-08-01 Description An account of the resource The prevalence of hybrid peacekeeping missions on the international stage underscores the increasing flexibility with which the UN can meet the peacekeeping demand. This flexibility results from the growing number of actors that the UN can rely on, allowing in turn for more diverse responses to conflict. However, current confusion surrounding hybrid missions points to the need to further clarify the role of regional actors in hybrid missions and elaborate on the implication of these missions for UN peacekeeping. This paper thus discusses the importance of hybrid missions in peace operations by examining the current nature of European Union (EU) and Canadian contributions to peace operations, and by analysing the implications of these contributions for hybrid missions and UN peacekeeping in general.   Full text available at: https://doi.org/10.22215/rera.v3i2.185 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://ojs.library.carleton.ca/index.php/CJERS/article/view/2437 10.22215/cjers.v3i2.2437 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Centre for European Studies, Carleton University Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Canadian Journal of European and Russian Studies; 2007: RERA V3:2 New Foreign Policy Challenges and Canada-EU Relations (backfile abstracts) 2562-8429 10.22215/cjers.v3i2 Title A name given to the resource Hybridizing UN Peace Operations: The Role of the European Union and Canada Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Canadian Journal of European and Russian Studies Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Santini, Ruth Hanau Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2007-08-01 Description An account of the resource This paper looks at the qualitative change in the foreign policy discourse by the European Union towards the Middle East, as well as the EU’s overall degree of consistency between words and deeds. By looking at European Council Conclusions as well as General Affairs Council conclusions, it will be argued that on a discursive level the Union has taken stock of the emergence of new threats to its security, and has started shifting its attention from state failure and regional conflicts to the threats posed by terrorism and non-conventional proliferation. Secondly, by differentiating among three kinds of coherence, it will be shown that the main source of incoherence in the Union external action in the Middle East is not to be found in its institutional or horizontal dimensions, but in its vertical level, that is between the Union and member states. Examples will be provided in order to substantiate an overall claim: the EU security discourse might have changed; its policies however remain driven by the difficult balancing exercise between Brussels and national capitals.   Full text available at: https://doi.org/10.22215/rera.v3i2.184 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://ojs.library.carleton.ca/index.php/CJERS/article/view/2436 10.22215/cjers.v3i2.2436 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Centre for European Studies, Carleton University Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Canadian Journal of European and Russian Studies; 2007: RERA V3:2 New Foreign Policy Challenges and Canada-EU Relations (backfile abstracts) 2562-8429 10.22215/cjers.v3i2 Title A name given to the resource Addressing threats: European foreign policy toward the Middle East since the European Security Strategy Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Canadian Journal of European and Russian Studies Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Portela, Clara Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2007-08-01 Description An account of the resource Since the signing of the Cotonou Agreement in 2000, the European Union (EU) has suspended development aid towards a number of African Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) countries in response to breaches of Human Rights and democratic principles by activating the so-called Human Rights clause (article 96). The present article analyses the use by the EU of aid suspensions as political tools and their efficacy in achieving the desired policy goals, in an attempt to identify and explain the determinants leading to the success of these measures. The investigation finds that the use of development aid suspensions is frequently effective. Classical sanctions theory appears to account largely for their success, given that most targets display a significant degree of dependence on the EU as a donor or a trading partner. However, and without refuting the explanatory power of that approach, a closer look at this practice unveils a number of factors that contribute to facilitate success. One of them is the selective use of the tool: suspensions are applied predominantly in cases of interruptions of the democratic process, while they are rarely used in situations of violent conflict. The specificities of the consultations mechanism, and especially the attitude of ACP neighbouring countries- often openly supportive-, largely determine the final outcome.   Full textavailable at: https://doi.org/10.22215/rera.v3i2.155 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://ojs.library.carleton.ca/index.php/CJERS/article/view/2435 10.22215/cjers.v3i2.2435 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Centre for European Studies, Carleton University Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Canadian Journal of European and Russian Studies; 2007: RERA V3:2 New Foreign Policy Challenges and Canada-EU Relations (backfile abstracts) 2562-8429 10.22215/cjers.v3i2 Title A name given to the resource Aid Suspensions as Coercive Tools? The European Union’s Experience in the AfricanCaribbean-Pacific (ACP) Context Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Canadian Journal of European and Russian Studies Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Lavallée, Chantal Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2007-08-01 Description An account of the resource Since 1976, Canada and the EU developed and enlarged their relations including not only investment and trade, but also international security, environment, justice, culture, etc. During the last decade, the European Union progressively became an actor in the field of security and defence with the adoption of the European Security and Defence Policy (ESDP). ESDP is entering in the logic outside of the traditional framework analysis that conceives security as a natural input, linked to territorial defence and assumed only by the State via military means. If ESDP entered in an intergovernmental logic, it is no longer the exclusive field of the Member States, but rather the result of interactions between a broad variety of public and private actors. In this new EU security governance, Canada is bound to face a major challenge, but it’s not sure that it is conscious of all the possibilities for its foreign and security policy!   Full text available: https://doi.org/10.22215/rera.v3i2.156 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://ojs.library.carleton.ca/index.php/CJERS/article/view/2433 10.22215/cjers.v3i2.2433 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Centre for European Studies, Carleton University Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Canadian Journal of European and Russian Studies; 2007: RERA V3:2 New Foreign Policy Challenges and Canada-EU Relations (backfile abstracts) 2562-8429 10.22215/cjers.v3i2 Title A name given to the resource La gouvernance de la sécurité au sein de l’UE : un nouveau défi pour le Canada Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Canadian Journal of European and Russian Studies Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Mérand, Frédéric Vandemoortele, Antoine Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2007-08-01 Description An account of the resource not available Full text available at: https://doi.org/10.22215/rera.v3i2.183 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://ojs.library.carleton.ca/index.php/CJERS/article/view/2431 10.22215/cjers.v3i2.2431 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Centre for European Studies, Carleton University Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Canadian Journal of European and Russian Studies; 2007: RERA V3:2 New Foreign Policy Challenges and Canada-EU Relations (backfile abstracts) 2562-8429 10.22215/cjers.v3i2 Title A name given to the resource Introduction Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Canadian Journal of European and Russian Studies Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Uudelepp, Agu Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2007-04-01 Description An account of the resource The author argues in the present article that although propaganda is considered mostly a tool of ideological communication suitable for use during wars or in totalitarian states, it is still used in contemporary democratic societies at peacetime and there are no major differences between employing instruments of propaganda in the public or the private sectors. The present analysis is based on the similarities and differences between Estonian political television advertisements and modern television commercials with an emphasis on the application of propaganda instruments. The author employed content analysis when studying the sample in which were 100 non-political and 84 political advertisements. This research shows that Estonian political television advertisements and international non-political television advertisements share some significant similarities: cognitive propaganda instruments are more widely employed than social ortechnological ones. The role oftechnological propaganda instruments is diminishing and such instruments are replaced by structural ones. A major difference is that, on average, there are more propaganda instruments per advertisement in political television advertisements than in non-political television advertisements, and technological propaganda instruments are not employed in non-political television advertisements. Full text available: https://doi.org/10.22215/rera.v3i1.182 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://ojs.library.carleton.ca/index.php/CJERS/article/view/2430 10.22215/cjers.v3i1.2430 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Centre for European Studies, Carleton University Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Canadian Journal of European and Russian Studies; 2007: RERA V3:1 Spring 2007 (backfile abstracts) 2562-8429 10.22215/cjers.v3i1 Title A name given to the resource Propaganda Instruments in Contemporary Campaigns: Comparison of Estonian Political Television Advertisements and Modern Television Commercials Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article