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                  <text>Canadian Journal of European and Russian Studies</text>
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                <text>Nedelcu, Harry</text>
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                <text>Miller, Chris</text>
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                <text>The relationship between migration and extremist parties has been an overlapping topic in studies of party systems, citizenship, and migration. This body of work has collectively challenged the view that the success of radical right parties in Western Europe is an unavoidable consequence of increased immigration flows. Through a review of four recent studies, this article will attempt to unpack recent scholarly literature with the aim of investigating the salience of the causal link between immigration and the success of radical right parties. The four works studied arrive at separate conclusions due to their different conceptual understandings of agency in party systems as well as their assumptions about the nature of political mobilization. While three feature the mobilization of immigration as an electoral issue as being an important factor for the success of far right parties, one makes the claim that national definitions of citizenship shape both responses to migration within the host state as well as the space available for the radical right.
&amp;nbsp;
Full text available: https://doi.org/10.22215/rera.v6i1.209</text>
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                <text>https://ojs.library.carleton.ca/index.php/CJERS/article/view/2465</text>
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                <text>Centre for European Studies, Carleton University</text>
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                <text>Canadian Journal of European and Russian Studies; 2011: RERA V6:1 Fall 2011 (backfile abstracts)</text>
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                <text>2562-8429</text>
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                <text>10.22215/cjers.v6i1</text>
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                <text>Migration and the Extreme Right in Western Europe</text>
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                <text>Kuburas, Melita</text>
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                <text>Twenty years since the conflict between Azerbaijan and Armenia over the Nagorno-Karabakh region first began, 610,000 people are still internally displaced in Azerbaijan, living in poverty and in wretched housing conditions. The causes of violence in the ongoing ethnic conflict between Armenia and Azerbaijan, which began in the late 1980s and has since resulted in 30,000 deaths, can mainly be analyzed using a constructivist framework. However, elements of a primordialist approach to national identity were also used by mobilizers totrigger political and social uprisings. This paper presupposes that the constructivist theories on identity formation and territorial claims offer a better explanation as to why the war over Nagorno-Karabakh broke out in the 1990s, and why, in 2010, the two parties are no closer to a resolution and the Nagorno-Karabakh region remains in limbo.
&amp;nbsp;
Full text available at: https://doi.org/10.22215/rera.v6i1.208</text>
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                <text>https://ojs.library.carleton.ca/index.php/CJERS/article/view/2464</text>
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                <text>Centre for European Studies, Carleton University</text>
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                <text>Canadian Journal of European and Russian Studies; 2011: RERA V6:1 Fall 2011 (backfile abstracts)</text>
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                <text>2562-8429</text>
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                <text>Ethnic Conflict in Nagorno-Karabakh</text>
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                <text>Eedy, Sean</text>
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                <text>Constructivist theory has been part of the historiography of the Cold War's end and the unification of Germany since the late 1990s. However, much of the literature on the subject of Gorbachev and German unity interprets events using security and economics as having dictated Soviet policy of the period. This paper discusses Materialist, Realist, and Constructivist theories and their necessary interaction to provide a more thorough analysis of Gorbachev's role in German unity. It argues not only that German Unification was the unforeseen byproduct of Gorbachev's policies meant to revitalize the Soviet economy, but also that German unity was not possible until Gorbachev's economic and security concerns for the USSR's future were allayed. These concerns were not addressed by traditional measures, but through the trust developed between Gorbachev, West German Chancellor Helmut Kohl, and the Federal Republic of Germany. Constructivist theory adds significant dimensions to the existing interpretations of Materialist and Realist theories in explaining how Gorbachev addressed Soviet concerns and policies of reform during the process of German unification where earlier confrontationist policies failed.
&amp;nbsp;
Full text available at: https://doi.org/10.22215/rera.v6i1.207</text>
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                <text>https://ojs.library.carleton.ca/index.php/CJERS/article/view/2463</text>
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                <text>Centre for European Studies, Carleton University</text>
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                <text>Canadian Journal of European and Russian Studies; 2011: RERA V6:1 Fall 2011 (backfile abstracts)</text>
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                <text>2562-8429</text>
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                <text>Money, Security, and the Relationships of Trust: Toward an Integrated Understanding of Gorbachev's Role in German Unity</text>
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                <text>Chebakova, Anastasia</text>
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                <text>The promising agenda of EU-Russia cooperation has resulted in mutual frustration manifested in continuous, paradoxical crises and isolation between the partners. This article offers a possible way to reflect on an uneasy EU-Russia relationship. In this study, I make problems in EU-Russia cooperation discursively visible by scrutinizing the official speech acts articulated in EU-Russia political and security discourse. I demonstrate that these official speech acts create conditions for a responsive dialogue and, eventually, form a set of prevalent discursive practices that re-produce and reinforce problems in EU-Russia cooperation. Blending Bakhtin‟s dialogic analysis and Onuf‟s constructivist accounts, I strike a balance between theoretical and empirical analyses and develop a model for understanding current and possible future events in the EU-Russia partnership. This model of international cooperation can be transferable beyond its borders to similar examples of relationships currently existing all over the world.
&amp;nbsp;
Full text available at: https://doi.org/10.22215/rera.v6i1.206</text>
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                <text>https://ojs.library.carleton.ca/index.php/CJERS/article/view/2462</text>
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                <text>Centre for European Studies, Carleton University</text>
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                <text>Canadian Journal of European and Russian Studies; 2011: RERA V6:1 Fall 2011 (backfile abstracts)</text>
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                <text>2562-8429</text>
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                <text>Cooperation and Isolation: Understanding EU-Russia Dialogue</text>
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                <text>Maltseva, Elena</text>
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                <text>&amp;nbsp;
This article analyzes the development of civil society in Russia in response to the fledging post-Soviet health care crisis. In recent years, Russian civil society has become significantly stronger and more actively engaged in public debates on social as well as political issues. This trend suggests that the process of social capital accumulation in Russia is well underway, thus instilling some hope for Russia's future. To illustrate this recent trend, I will analyze the development of two grassroots movements in St. Petersburg, which help families of children diagnosed with cancer to overcome the everyday psychological, legal and financial difficulties associated with treatment, and to lobby the government to go forward with health care reform. This paper is based on the author's personal experience as a participant in one of the grassroots initiatives, published materials in Russian journals and newspapers, and a series of interviews with volunteers. With this article, I hope to shed new light on developments in the Russian health care sector, and deepen our understanding of contemporary Russian civil society.
https://doi.org/10.22215/rera.v6i1.205</text>
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                <text>https://ojs.library.carleton.ca/index.php/CJERS/article/view/2461</text>
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                <text>Centre for European Studies, Carleton University</text>
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                <text>Canadian Journal of European and Russian Studies; 2011: RERA V6:1 Fall 2011 (backfile abstracts)</text>
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                <text>2562-8429</text>
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                <text>Health Care Crisis and Grassroots Social Initiative in Post-Soviet Russia</text>
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                <text>What explains the apparent contradiction between Denmark's reputation as a liberal, tolerant society, and the recent rise in wide-spread xenophobia there? The root causes of the present wave of xenophobia are fundamentally similar to the rest of Europe: they grow primarily out of the tensions inherent in the transition from an industrial to post-industrial society. However, its unusual virulence across an apparently inclusive mainstream political spectrum, and departure from the established norms in the country, is an outgrowth of the present challenge to the egalitarian, anti-modern ethos that has steered Denmark toward its present state. Modern Danish nationalism, heavily influenced by the ideas of N.F.S. Grundtvig, has emphasized anti-elitism, decentralization, and egalitarianism. However, for the first time since at least the 1920s these political cornerstones are being seriously challenged and re-examined. Immigration has become one of the symbols of, and primary battlefield in, the challenge to the socil consensus that has existed throughout most of the 20th century.
&amp;nbsp;
Full text available at: https://doi.org/10.22215/rera.v5i1.204</text>
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                <text>Canadian Journal of European and Russian Studies; 2009: RERA V5:1 Fall 2009 (backfile abstracts)</text>
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                <text>The Danish Paradox: Intolerance in the Land of Perpetual Compromise</text>
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                <text>&amp;nbsp;This paper uses Spain as the case study in furthering understanding of the forces that influence public opinion, specifically as they exist within the contemporary European context. To evaluate this, the focus is on two primary issues: the European Monetary Union (EMU) and the Eastern Enlargement. In order to explore the relationship between opinions towards EU membership, the Euro and support for enlargement, ordinary least squares (OLS) and logistic multivariate regression methods are used to model public opinion development. The argument put forth in this paper is that the formation of public opinion is influenced by both regional dynamics and utilitarian economic considerations. Within this framework, the concept of political symbolism is explored in uncovering the influence of cognitive mobilization, group attachment and cost-benefit factors as they relate to Spanish opinion on widening and deepening of the European Union.
Full text available at: https://doi.org/10.22215/rera.v5i1.203
&amp;nbsp;</text>
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                <text>https://ojs.library.carleton.ca/index.php/CJERS/article/view/2459</text>
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                <text>Centre for European Studies, Carleton University</text>
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                <text>Canadian Journal of European and Russian Studies; 2009: RERA V5:1 Fall 2009 (backfile abstracts)</text>
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                <text>Between Economic Utility and Regional Attachment: The EMU and Eastern Enlargement in the Spanish Eye</text>
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                <text>The purpose of this exploratory research is to elucidate the connection between the institution of the French educational system and its function as a vehicle of integration for the children of immigrants. Focusing on those of Algerian descent, this paper asks if and how the educational system is failing this particular demographic. By contextualising colonial France in Algeria, this paper shows the connection between history and the educational institution as it relates to contemporary French culture. This paper argues that the French educational system, although well established, does not recognise nor meet the needs of the multi-ethnic classroom. By identifying integration as a key player, this paper explores the relationships between citizenship and integration and how perceptions of both concepts are produced and reproduced in the school system. This paper notes the need for a shift in the current discourse for the “second generation” from one of “immigrants and immigration” to a more precise discourse on ethnic minorities.
&amp;nbsp;
Full text available at: https://doi.org/10.22215/rera.v5i1.202</text>
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                <text>https://ojs.library.carleton.ca/index.php/CJERS/article/view/2458</text>
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                <text>Centre for European Studies, Carleton University</text>
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                <text>Canadian Journal of European and Russian Studies; 2009: RERA V5:1 Fall 2009 (backfile abstracts)</text>
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                <text>The Success of France’s Youth: Children of Algerian Descent in the Classroom</text>
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                <text>Black, Erin J.</text>
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                <text>This article follows the development of a European Union gender equality regime through three broad periods: equal treatment policies, positive action measures, and Gender Mainstreaming. The policy-making process entails conflict between competing policy frames; unequal resources behind each secures the dominance of an economic frame. Strategical framing practices have been employed by equality advocates to overcome this disadvantage. This article traces the gradual shifts in meaning within each period until equality goals are integrated into the dominant economic policy frame. It concludes that equality advocates need to engage in deeper analyses of power in order to sustain attention to equality goals over longer periods of time.
&amp;nbsp;
Full text available at: https://doi.org/10.22215/rera.v5i1.201</text>
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                <text>Centre for European Studies, Carleton University</text>
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                <text>Canadian Journal of European and Russian Studies; 2009: RERA V5:1 Fall 2009 (backfile abstracts)</text>
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                <text>EU Equality Commitments and Shifting Meanings of Gender Equality</text>
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                <text>Young, Jason R.</text>
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                <text>This article intervenes into the debate around European identity, political Islam, and Turkey’s potential accession to the European Union through treating Samuel Huntington’s “Clash of Civilizations” as a bordering discourse. The article argues that the ‘clash thesis’ highlights uncertainty around cultural change in Europe as well as a tension within European Integration itself between the Nation as State and the Nation as political and cultural identity. Discourses which position specific groups as being unEuropean, or less European can be linked to the shifting meaning of Europe in light of political and economic integration and its affects on the Nation as titular owner of the State. The article argues that the debate around the compatibility of Islam and Europe and therefore, also the debate around Turkey’s accession to the European Union must be situated within the context of boundary formations driven by im/migration to Europe and within Europe and the rise in public visibility and assertiveness by second and third generation Islamic communities, thereby moving the debate beyond the Self /Other dichotomy upon which the ‘clash thesis’ functions by understanding the boundaries of Europe as negotiable and culturally situated within a publicly mediated discourse about ‘Europe’.
&amp;nbsp;
Full text available at: https://doi.org/10.22215/rera.v4i2.200</text>
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                <text>Centre for European Studies, Carleton University</text>
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                <text>Canadian Journal of European and Russian Studies; 2008: RERA V4:2 Summer 2008 (backfile abstracts)</text>
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                <text>2562-8429</text>
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                <text>‘Making the Margins of Europe’: Marginalization, Europeanization and Islam in the contest for Public Space.</text>
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