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                  <text>Department of International Relations and Diplomacy, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal.</text>
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                <text>Nepal</text>
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                <text>Adhikari, Dhruba Raj</text>
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                <text>Nepal is a small state situated in a geo-strategic location between two major powers—China and India, the former being a great state, and the latter a middle state. Nepal has asymmetric relations with both India and China in terms of national power. Nepalese psyche has been shaped by the very geostrategic situation since the time immemorial. However, Nepal as a modern state was born only in 1768, since then it has adopted different strategies for its survival according to the changes in international, regional and domestic power equations. During the initial phase (1768-1814), Nepal was called Gorkha empire and it had pursued a grand strategy of sub-regional hegemony while being mindful of the sensibilities of the big powers in the North and the South. Nepal made a transition from imperial grand strategy to small power diplomacy in 1816 when it was defeated in Anglo-Nepal War (1814-16). From 1848, when Jung Bahadur came to power, Nepal started to fully bandwagon with the British colonialists in India. After that, Nepal had followed strategies of ‘special relationship’ with its neighbors, non-alignment, balancing, balking, neutrality, equidistance, equiproximity and trilateral cooperation depending upon changes in domestic, and regional as well as international politics.</text>
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                <text>https://www.nepjol.info/index.php/joia/article/view/22575</text>
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                <text>10.3126/joia.v2i1.22575</text>
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                <text>eng</text>
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                <text>Masters in International Relations and Diplomacy - Tribhuvan University (MIRD-TU)</text>
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                <text>https://www.nepjol.info/index.php/joia/article/view/22575/19215</text>
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                <text>Copyright (c) 2018 MIRD, TU</text>
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                <text>Journal of International Affairs; Vol. 2 No. 1 (2018); 43-74</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="63813">
                <text>2631-2158</text>
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                <text>Small State</text>
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                <text>Major Powers</text>
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                <text>Foreign Policy</text>
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                <text>Tri-lateral Cooperation</text>
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                <text>A Small State between Two Major Powers: Nepal’s Foreign Policy Since 1816</text>
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                  <text>Department of International Relations and Diplomacy, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal.</text>
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                <text>India</text>
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                <text>Awasthi, Soumya</text>
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                <text>2018-07-31</text>
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                <text>Given China’s proactive international diplomacy today, it continues to make its presence felt in the region. The ambitious project of Belt and Road Initiatives (BRI) stands among the widest reaching of all other initiatives. It not only represents a renewed, stronger and better co-ordinated push to expand China’s influence overseas but is also coupled with a domestic investment drive, in which nearly every Chinese province has a stake. BRI is a set of two outward-facing models introduced by the Chinese President Xi Jinping in 2013 to promote economic engagement and investment along two main routes: the New Silk Road and the Maritime Silk Route. The proposed countries under the BRI framework are close to 68 countries, with up to 40 per cent of the Global GDP (Griffiths, 2017). This article looks at four major issues. First, what comprises BRI and what it has for the partners in the project? Second, what does it mean for India with specific reference to China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CEPC)? Third, major concerns in BRI and CEPC. Finally, the article also discusses the available options for India reluctant to join BRI.</text>
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                <text>https://www.nepjol.info/index.php/joia/article/view/22592</text>
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                <text>10.3126/joia.v2i1.22592</text>
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                <text>eng</text>
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          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
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                <text>Masters in International Relations and Diplomacy - Tribhuvan University (MIRD-TU)</text>
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            <name>Relation</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="63857">
                <text>https://www.nepjol.info/index.php/joia/article/view/22592/19228</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="63858">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2018 MIRD, TU</text>
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          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="63859">
                <text>Journal of International Affairs; Vol. 2 No. 1 (2018); 97-112</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="63860">
                <text>2631-2158</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
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                <text>BRI</text>
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                <text>CPEC</text>
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                <text>China</text>
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                <text>India</text>
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                <text>Cabahar Port</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="63866">
                <text>China-led BRI and its Impact on India with Specific Reference to CPEC</text>
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            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="63867">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="63868">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</text>
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                <text>Peer-reviewed Article</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Journal of International Affairs</text>
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                  <text>Department of International Relations and Diplomacy, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal.</text>
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                <text>Nepal; India</text>
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                <text>Bashyal, Keshav</text>
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                <text>2016-10-03</text>
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                <text>Dominance of research on Nepalis migration to India is considers as ‘for livelihood’, ‘passage of rites’, ‘taken for granted’, more importantly ’tradition’ or ‘Kamaune’ for majority of Nepalis. Nepal is an oldest nation-state of South Asia and its democracy had been, for a number of times, suspended or dismissed which forced Nepali leaders to exile in India. It still continues in different ways. Nepal’s political development is directly or indirectly influenced by political activism in India. India has been important ‘space’ for Nepal’s political change and it also has been a place for migrant’s political activism since a long time.
Out of several Nepali migrants’ organizations in India, some are active in transnational political mobilizations. This study will look into the concept, evolution and contemporary discourse of the political transnationalism. It examines in the framework of transnationalism; development process of major political parties in Nepal, and situation of Nepali migrant’s political activisms in India and their associations with homeland politics.</text>
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                <text>https://www.nepjol.info/index.php/joia/article/view/22639</text>
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                <text>10.3126/joia.v1i1.22639</text>
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            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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                <text>eng</text>
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                <text>Masters in International Relations and Diplomacy - Tribhuvan University (MIRD-TU)</text>
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            <name>Relation</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="63917">
                <text>https://www.nepjol.info/index.php/joia/article/view/22639/19253</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="63918">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2016 MIRD, TU</text>
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          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="63919">
                <text>Journal of International Affairs; Vol. 1 No. 1 (2016); 31-44</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="63920">
                <text>2631-2158</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>Nepali migrants</text>
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                <text>Political activism</text>
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                <text>Kamaune</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Nepali Migrants Political Activisms in India and their Engagement with Homeland</text>
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                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
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                <text>Peer-reviewed Article</text>
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                  <text>Department of International Relations and Diplomacy, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal.</text>
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                <text>Economics</text>
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            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="64083">
                <text>Bashyal, Keshav</text>
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            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>2020-05-24</text>
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                <text>Migration to India of Nepali workers is a historical phenomenon. Due to 'open border' and multidimensional inter-linkages, migration for work persists to this day. The importance and challenges of the labour market for Nepali migrants in India are yet to be recognized and studied. This study examines the existing skill endowments of Nepali migrant workers and strategies to enhance their labour market outcomes in India. The Indian labour market is fragile. Recruitment neither follows a strict rule or process nor are any specific skills required. From this standpoint, the situation of Nepali migrant workers is not much different than India’s internal migrants. However, Nepali migrants are neither well documented nor properly recruited in the labour markets of India. Because of their low level of education and lack of skill, they are deprived of good job opportunities and their income is also low. Most of the Nepali migrants are not netted in by the social security scheme of India. This study suggests that education; training for skills and social security benefits can go a long way in improving the labour market outcomes of the Nepali migrants.</text>
              </elementText>
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            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="64087">
                <text>https://www.nepjol.info/index.php/joia/article/view/29087</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="64088">
                <text>10.3126/joia.v3i1.29087</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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                <text>eng</text>
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          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="64090">
                <text>Masters in International Relations and Diplomacy - Tribhuvan University (MIRD-TU)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
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              <elementText elementTextId="64091">
                <text>https://www.nepjol.info/index.php/joia/article/view/29087/23584</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="64092">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2020 MIRD, TU</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="64093">
                <text>Journal of International Affairs; Vol. 3 No. 1 (2020); 103-118</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="64094">
                <text>2631-2158</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="64095">
                <text>Migration</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="64096">
                <text>Nepal</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="64097">
                <text>India</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="64098">
                <text>Skill endowment</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="64099">
                <text>Labour Market</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="64100">
                <text>Remittances</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="64101">
                <text>Labour Market Outcomes and Skill Endowment of Nepali Migrant Workers in India: Case of Uttar Pradesh and Delhi</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
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                <text>Peer-reviewed Article</text>
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          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="63757">
                  <text>Journal of International Affairs</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
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            <element elementId="45">
              <name>Publisher</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="64215">
                  <text>Department of International Relations and Diplomacy, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal.</text>
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        <elementContainer>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="63823">
                <text>Nepal</text>
              </elementText>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="63824">
                <text>K.C., Khadga</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="63825">
                <text>Bhattarai, Gaurav</text>
              </elementText>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="63826">
                <text>2018-07-31</text>
              </elementText>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="63827">
                <text>This article traces out the causes for why Nepal’s search for prosperity through transit diplomacy appears to be an un accomplished venture. Identifying different indicators of Nepal’s transit diplomacy, it specifies to what extent Nepal can execute its transit diplomacy and to what extent it cannot. This article also argues that Nepal’s proposal of trilateral ism to its immediate neighbours, India to the South and China to the North, itself, so far has not been institutionalized through any means of trilateral dialogues or ministerial-level meetings. It has only been reduced to the status of a metaphor merely inferring Nepal’s possibilities to bridge two emerging economies in the neighbourhood, which are, however, deemed as the prime actors of Easternization process itself. Hypothesizing that the venture of transit diplomacy has not gained sufficient momentum, this article does not only assess the reluctance of India in providing momentum to trilaterialism, but underlines Nepal’s lack of preparation and assertiveness which have actually sidelined her plausible role to make it happen at Nepal’s larger interest. The idea of trilateralism should, therefore, bear an institutional reality. Without such an institutionalization, Nepal’s quest for prosperity through transit diplomacy might not yield expected results, and shall always dwell on the status of an un accomplished venture.</text>
              </elementText>
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          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="63828">
                <text>application/pdf</text>
              </elementText>
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          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="63829">
                <text>https://www.nepjol.info/index.php/joia/article/view/22576</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="63830">
                <text>10.3126/joia.v2i1.22576</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="63831">
                <text>eng</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="63832">
                <text>Masters in International Relations and Diplomacy - Tribhuvan University (MIRD-TU)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="63833">
                <text>https://www.nepjol.info/index.php/joia/article/view/22576/19216</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="63834">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2018 MIRD, TU</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="63835">
                <text>Journal of International Affairs; Vol. 2 No. 1 (2018); 75-96</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="63836">
                <text>2631-2158</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="63837">
                <text>Transit diplomacy</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="63838">
                <text>trilateralism</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="63839">
                <text>prosperity</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="63840">
                <text>Geo-economics</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="63841">
                <text>Nepal</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="63842">
                <text>India</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="63843">
                <text>China</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="63844">
                <text>Nepal’s Search for Prosperity through Transit Diplomacy</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="63845">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="63846">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="63847">
                <text>Peer-reviewed Article</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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  <item itemId="3129" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="45">
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          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="63757">
                  <text>Journal of International Affairs</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="45">
              <name>Publisher</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="64215">
                  <text>Department of International Relations and Diplomacy, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal.</text>
                </elementText>
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      <name>Dataset</name>
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                <text>Nepal foreign relation</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="64013">
                <text>Bhattarai, Gaurav</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="64014">
                <text>Cirikiyasawa, Vasiti N.B.</text>
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          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="64015">
                <text>2020-05-24</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="64016">
                <text>&amp;nbsp;Available literature on the role of small states in international relations has focused on the international system’s impact on the maneuverability of small states. The influence of domestic politics in determining the foreign policy goals of small states seems to have lacked enough deliberations. Identifying this research gap, this article aims to analyze the foreign policy behavior of small states, including Fiji and Nepal. More precisely, this write-up argues that the small states' behavior cannot be adequately comprehended if it is only assessed from the system level of analysis, as their behavior is not only influenced by external factors or the international system. This research sheds light on how domestic factors play an important role in shaping the foreign policy of small states. In this regard, the prime objective of the paper is to examine how the domestic events of 2006 in Fiji and Nepal influenced their post-2006 foreign policy agendas. The 2006 Military Coup in Fiji and the Second People’s Movement of 2006 in Nepal are examined here to appraise how foreign policy was devised and formulated to address the issues that arose out of these events, thus allowing the two countries to remain functional in the international society of states.</text>
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          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="64017">
                <text>application/pdf</text>
              </elementText>
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          <element elementId="43">
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            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="64018">
                <text>https://www.nepjol.info/index.php/joia/article/view/29082</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="64019">
                <text>10.3126/joia.v3i1.29082</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
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            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="64020">
                <text>eng</text>
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          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
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            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="64021">
                <text>Masters in International Relations and Diplomacy - Tribhuvan University (MIRD-TU)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
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            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="64022">
                <text>https://www.nepjol.info/index.php/joia/article/view/29082/23581</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="64023">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2020 MIRD, TU</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
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            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="64024">
                <text>Journal of International Affairs; Vol. 3 No. 1 (2020); 52-67</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="64025">
                <text>2631-2158</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="64026">
                <text>Small States</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="64027">
                <text>Fiji</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="64028">
                <text>Nepal</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="64029">
                <text>Foreign Policy</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="64030">
                <text>Small State Constraint: International System or Domestic Politics? A Case of Nepal and Fiji</text>
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            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="64031">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="64032">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="64033">
                <text>Peer-reviewed Article</text>
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          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
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              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="63757">
                  <text>Journal of International Affairs</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
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            <element elementId="45">
              <name>Publisher</name>
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              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="64215">
                  <text>Department of International Relations and Diplomacy, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal.</text>
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      <name>Dataset</name>
      <description>Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing.</description>
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        <elementContainer>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="63948">
                <text>South-Asia</text>
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          <element elementId="39">
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            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="63949">
                <text>Bhattarai, Umesh K.</text>
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          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="63950">
                <text>2016-10-03</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="63951">
                <text>International security and its relevancy to nation’s stability are heavily influenced by the geo-political situation of a country. By geo-politics, it is a relationship among politics, geography, demography, and economics-especially in respect to foreign policy adopted by a nation within the region. It dictates the overall governmental policies. In other words, the power relationship is dictated by the geographic location of the country. Geo-politics is the study of the political and strategic relevance of geography in a pursuit to national and international power (Khanal, 2011). So, the location and the physical environment are important factors to decide international power structure of a nation in the global as well as in regional context. Geo-strategy is a branch of geo-politics that deals with strategy. It characterizes a certain geographic area that affects the analysis of a region (Dahal, 2009). In order to understand the importance of geo-strategy of Nepal, we need to understand geographical context of the Indian subcontinent as a whole. It is a self-contained region that includes India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal and Bhutan. We may call the subcontinent “self-contained” because it is a region that is isolated on all sides by difficult terrain or by ocean. In geopolitical terms it is– an island (Friedman, 2008).</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="63952">
                <text>application/pdf</text>
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                <text>Copyright (c) 2016 MIRD, TU</text>
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                <text>Journal of International Affairs; Vol. 1 No. 1 (2016); 63-72</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="63960">
                <text>2631-2158</text>
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                <text>International Security</text>
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                <text>International power structures</text>
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                <text>Geopolitical Dimension of Nepal and its Impact in South Asia</text>
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                  <text>Department of International Relations and Diplomacy, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal.</text>
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                <text>Nepal India relation</text>
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                <text>Dhungel, Dwarika</text>
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                <text>Khanal, Narendra</text>
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                <text>Following the publication of new political maps by India on 2nd and 8th November 2019, the issues related to the source of Mahakali River and Indian occupation of the Nepali territory east of the river, have, once again, come to the surface. And, the Nepali civil society has come out strongly against the newly published political maps of India, prepared a new map of Nepal, showing the whole of the territory east of Mahakali River (about 400 sq. km) as Nepalese land on the basis of Treaty of Sugauli signed in 1816 by East India Company of Great Britain and Raja of Nepal. An analysis of the maps, so far available, shows that changes have been made in the names of the river and places, and there is cartographic aggression and manipulation by India in relation to Mahakali River and its boundary with Nepal’s northwest. It has also been found that Nepal has published a map in the past showing its international boundary without any basis of the treaties and other historical documents. Analysis clearly shows that the river originating from Limpiyadhura is the Mahakali (called Kalee/Kali River) as per Article 5 of the Sugauli treaty and it forms the international boundary between the two countries.
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                <text>https://www.nepjol.info/index.php/joia/article/view/29077</text>
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                <text>10.3126/joia.v3i1.29077</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="63978">
                <text>Masters in International Relations and Diplomacy - Tribhuvan University (MIRD-TU)</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="63979">
                <text>https://www.nepjol.info/index.php/joia/article/view/29077/23579</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="63980">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2020 MIRD, TU</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="63981">
                <text>Journal of International Affairs; Vol. 3 No. 1 (2020); 1-41</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="63982">
                <text>2631-2158</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>Anglo-Nepal War</text>
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                <text>Sugauli Treaty</text>
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                <text>Cartographic Aggression</text>
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                <text>Nepal-India Territorial Disputes</text>
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>North-Western Boundary of Nepal</text>
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                <text>Peer-reviewed Article</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="63757">
                  <text>Journal of International Affairs</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="64215">
                  <text>Department of International Relations and Diplomacy, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal.</text>
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                <text>South Asia</text>
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                <text>Chand, Hari P.</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>&amp;nbsp;This paper mainly deals with connectivity of Nepal with neighboring countries and beyond. Nepal entered into an agreement with India for a Raxaul – Kathmandu railway line survey last year. After rail connectivity is established with India, Nepal is expected to benefit through transport costs compared to existing road connectivity. Nepal also signed an MoU with India for the development of inland water ways during the last visit by Prime Minister KP Sharma Oli to India. This is expected to provide Nepal with greater opportunities of better connection with Indian ports to promote trade with her southern neighbor and beyond. Moreover, Nepal and Chinese governments have agreed to work together to construct a rail link between Kerung and Kathmandu. This should allow Indian and Chinese railways to link in Kathmandu although that may yet take some time. Similarly, if Nepal deals tactfully with India and Bangladesh to make the Kathmandu-Kakarvitta-Phulbari-Banglabandha corridor function smoothly, there is a high possibility of establishing China-Nepal-India-Bangladesh (CNIB) Economic Corridor in the future. This paper attempts to explain the critical geo-political issues and challenges in connectivity facing Nepal. This paper is based on secondary data and both the qualitative and quantitative methods have been adopted for analysis. The key point of arguments presented by the paper is that all South Asian countries need to come up with “Connectivity Diplomacy”, preferably on the Track 1.5 level.</text>
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            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
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                <text>application/pdf</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="64039">
                <text>https://www.nepjol.info/index.php/joia/article/view/29084</text>
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                <text>10.3126/joia.v3i1.29084</text>
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                <text>eng</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="64042">
                <text>Masters in International Relations and Diplomacy - Tribhuvan University (MIRD-TU)</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="64043">
                <text>https://www.nepjol.info/index.php/joia/article/view/29084/23582</text>
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          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="64044">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2020 MIRD, TU</text>
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          <element elementId="48">
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            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="64045">
                <text>Journal of International Affairs; Vol. 3 No. 1 (2020); 68-83</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="64046">
                <text>2631-2158</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>Nepal-India Connectivity</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="64048">
                <text>BIN Plus One</text>
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                <text>Regional Connectivity</text>
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                <text>Critical Issues Related to Connectivity in South Asia</text>
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                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="63757">
                  <text>Journal of International Affairs</text>
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                  <text>Department of International Relations and Diplomacy, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal.</text>
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                <text>International relations</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="64173">
                <text>Karki, Shweta</text>
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                <text>Dhungana, Sarashree</text>
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                <text>The study of power has been one of the main features of IR. While hard power remained at the forefront of the academic discourse for a long time, soft power emerged as an alternative to understand the complex interactions between states and how states employ different sources of non-coercive means to persuade global actors. Nye, in the late twentieth century, perpetrated the idea to indicate the shift from assertion to attraction. This research has focused on why soft power has been a more relevant device for certain states in the system that lack military might. The research has largely analyzed and described the various ways in which small states around the world have resorted to soft power in the face of the interdependent world order. It then has looked into the different ways through which Nepal as a small state can effectively examine its soft power sources, to garner influence in the global power structure and obtain its foreign policy objectives, keeping in mind that the soft power of any state is dependent of the resources that it has and is also able to mobilize.</text>
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                <text>https://www.nepjol.info/index.php/joia/article/view/29092</text>
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                <text>10.3126/joia.v3i1.29092</text>
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                <text>eng</text>
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                <text>Masters in International Relations and Diplomacy - Tribhuvan University (MIRD-TU)</text>
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                <text>https://www.nepjol.info/index.php/joia/article/view/29092/23588</text>
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            <name>Rights</name>
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            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="64183">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2020 MIRD, TU</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="64184">
                <text>Journal of International Affairs; Vol. 3 No. 1 (2020); 162-179</text>
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                <text>2631-2158</text>
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                <text>small states</text>
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