‘Jointness' in the Armed Forces: An Assessment
subject: India
subject: Armed Forces
subject: Military
subject: Joint Operations
description: Jointness is a military term, as explained by the Collins Dictionary, which refers to “the cooperation and integration of different branches of the military”. India has the fourth largest military in the world and each operates independently. The cooperation among the three Services is according to the priorities as visualised by each Service, with coordination by the Ministry of Defence (MoD). In April 2017, the three Service Chiefs released the latest Joint Doctrine for the Indian armed forces. It is important to note that the first doctrine was written in 2006 and was a classified version that was not released to the public. The current document has very little depth and would not be able to integrate the various branches of the Indian armed forces. There would be no joint response to a military situation. Currently, there are more than 32 countries with joint Services set-ups.
creator: Chakravorty, P.K.
source: CLAWS Journal; Vol. 12 No. 1 (2019): Summer 2019; 77-85
source: 2319-5177
publisher: Centre For Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), New Delhi, India
date: 2019-06-30
rights: Copyright (c) 2019 Centre For Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), New Delhi, India
rights: https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/copyright-transfer-form
format: application/pdf
language: eng
type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
type: info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
type: Peer-reviewed Article

“Intelligence in a Datadriven Age by Cortney Weinbaum and John N.T. Shanahan”
subject: Book Review
subject: Intelligence
description: Accessing and analysing news from around the world has become the key to understanding the global security environment. In view of this, in 1941, United States (U.S.) President Franklin D. Roosevelt established an office called the Foreign Broadcast Information Service (FBIS), to be run out of the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). The office's mandate was simple: translate the news from around the world for US policy-makers to make informed decisions. However, in the past, there was only a handful of electronic and print media which needed to be scoured for news by analysts. But, in the current times, the situation has changed drastically. In today's world, there is a multitude of news platforms that produce an immense amount of news data that require a large number of analysts to process the information—making such an organisation uneconomical and unwieldy.
creator: Prabhu, Ranjan
source: CLAWS Journal; Vol. 12 No. 1 (2019): Summer 2019; 194-199
source: 2319-5177
publisher: Centre For Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), New Delhi, India
date: 2019-06-30
rights: Copyright (c) 2019 Centre For Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), New Delhi, India
rights: https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/copyright-transfer-form
format: application/pdf
language: eng
type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
type: info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

“Reflections on American Grand Strategy in Asia” By Ash Carter, October 2018
subject: United States
subject: Asia
subject: Geopolitics
subject: International Relations
subject: India
subject: China
description: Ash Carter, an academic with considerable experience in the Pentagon as also United States (US) Secretary of Defence from February 2015 to January 2017, is a strategic thinker. This is evident from his treatise on “Reflections on American Grand Strategy in Asia”; which is easily one of the better essays on US President Barack Obama's rebalance' and what should be done for its implementation. It is logically presented and charts the course to be followed to fulfill the medium and long-term interests of the US.
creator: Singh, Aditya
source: CLAWS Journal; Vol. 11 No. 2 (2018): Winter 2018; 114-120
source: 2319-5177
publisher: Centre For Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), New Delhi, India
date: 2018-12-31
rights: Copyright (c) 2018 Centre For Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), New Delhi, India
rights: https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/copyright-transfer-form
format: application/pdf
language: eng
type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
type: info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

AI in the Indian Armed Services: An Assessment
subject: Artificial Intelligence
subject: Indian military
subject: Indian Armed Forces
description: This article surveys the extent to which service doctrines as well as the Joint Doctrine of the Indian Armed Forces (JDIAS) capture anddefine the role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the Indian military. The analysis captures the limited view and non-existent view of AIwithin service and tri-service doctrine. A gap has emerged between the services’ doctrinal pronouncements and the actual use of AI in some form in the three branches of the military. AI come in two variants at least—semi-autonomous and autonomous systems. This ensuing assessment is only a partial critique of how service doctrine sees or ignores AI, the problem relating to the use of technology and doctrine is not unique to the services, but extends to other areas.
creator: Bommakanti, Kartik
source: CLAWS Journal; Vol. 14 No. 1 (2021): Summer 2021; 101-117
source: 2319-5177
publisher: Centre For Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), New Delhi, India
date: 2021-06-30
rights: Copyright (c) 2021 Center For Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), New Delhi, India
rights: https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/copyright-transfer-form
format: application/pdf
language: eng
type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
type: info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
type: Peer-reviewed Article

An Overview of Indian Defence Industry: A Transformative Perspective
subject: India
subject: defence industry
subject: Ordnance Factory Board
subject: defence manufacturing
description: The Indian defence manufacturing sector is largely dominated by the Defence Public Sector Units (DPSUs) and Ordnance Factory Board (OFB), whereas the Research and Development (R&amp;D) sector is solely controlled by the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO). India's defence industry is primarily controlled by the government and its agencies. Though the defence industry was opened up for private domestic players in 2001, so far there has been limited participation of the private sector in the overall defence procurement. India boasts of one of the largest defence industrial bases among the developing nations in the world. Approximately two lakh people are employed in the various defence manufacturing units/laboratories of the government. The key components of India's existing Defence Industrial Base (DIB) are the DPSUs, Ordnance Factories (Ord Fys), DRDO—all functioning under the overall control of the government's Ministry of Defence (MoD)—and a few private sector companies comprising both large and Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs).
creator: Das, S.P.
source: CLAWS Journal; Vol. 12 No. 1 (2019): Summer 2019; 123-137
source: 2319-5177
publisher: Centre For Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), New Delhi, India
date: 2019-06-30
rights: Copyright (c) 2019 Centre For Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), New Delhi, Indi
rights: https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/copyright-transfer-form
format: application/pdf
language: eng
type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
type: info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
type: Peer-reviewed Article

Appointment of Chief of Defence Staff and Creation of the Department of Military Affairs: A Gamechanger
subject: Military Affairs
subject: India
subject: South Asia
description: The announcement by the Prime Minister, Narendra Modi in his Independence Day address to the nation of Government's intent to appoint a Chief of Defence Staff (CDS) marked the gamechanger event that the country was to embark upon. The subsequent appointment, in December 2019,2 of General Bipin Rawat, to the newly created appointment as its first incumbent and the simultaneous creation of a Department of Military Affairs as a separate vertical within the Ministry of Defence with the CDS as its ex-officio Secretary are each and together tectonic shifts that have moved the balance in civil-military relations to a new normal. It has also disruptively altered the entire edifice of the structure of decision-making relating to matters of the military.
creator: Singh, A.K.
creator: Chandrashekhar, R.
source: CLAWS Journal; Vol. 13 No. 1 (2020): Summer 2020; 1-18
source: 2319-5177
publisher: Centre For Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), New Delhi, India
date: 2020-06-30
rights: Copyright (c) 2020 Center For Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), New Delhi, India
rights: https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/copyright-transfer-form
format: application/pdf
language: eng
type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
type: info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
type: Peer-reviewed Article

Armenia-Azerbaijan Conflict: Implications for India
subject: Armenia
subject: Azerbaijan
subject: India
subject: Drone Warfare
subject: Armenia-Azerbaijan conflict
description: Armenia-Azerbaijan conflict in September-November 2020, was followed keenly by military strategists across the world. It was the firsttime a nation had been comprehensively defeated by the use of drone warfare. The changing nature of warfare and the use of disruptive emerging technologies to change the tide of battle was an issue of interest across the world. The employment of drones on the battlefield of Nagorno-Karabakh had been a game-changer for Azerbaijani forces which destroyed the Armenian air defence (AD) resources, mech columns, and arty guns. The low-cost option of employment of drones by Azerbaijan in non-contact yet highly kinetic warfare resulted in minimizing their own casualties and ensuring a crushing defeat for Armenia. As India embarks on the modernization of its Armed Forces in line with its growing stature on the world stage, there has to be a balance struck between the acquisition of conventional weapon platforms and the embracement of new emerging technologies in India’s strategicsecurity calculus. There is a need for the building of anti-access bubbles as deterrence which are difficult to penetrate and the use of technologies that provide leverage in this competitive space.
creator: Trivedi, Neeraj
source: CLAWS Journal; Vol. 14 No. 1 (2021): Summer 2021; 85-100
source: 2319-5177
publisher: Centre For Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), New Delhi, India
date: 2021-06-30
rights: Copyright (c) 2021 Center For Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), New Delhi, India
rights: https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/copyright-transfer-form
format: application/pdf
language: eng
type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
type: info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
type: Peer-reviewed Article

Army and Nation: by Steven I. Wilkinson
subject: Book Review
subject: Armed Forces
subject: Nation Building
description: Steven I. Wilkinson explores how India has succeeded in keeping the military out of politics when so many other countries have failed. He uncovers the command and control strategies, the careful ethnic balancing, and the political, foreign policy, and strategic decisions that have made the army safe for Indian democracy. Published by Harvard University Press, 2015, pp. 304
creator: Joshi, Ashok
source: CLAWS Journal; Vol. 11 No. 2 (2018): Winter 2018; 125-130
source: 2319-5177
publisher: Centre For Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), New Delhi, India
date: 2018-12-31
rights: Copyright (c) 2018 Centre For Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), New Delhi, India
rights: https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/copyright-transfer-form
format: application/pdf
language: eng
type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
type: info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Artificial Intelligence in Armed Forces: An Analysis
subject: Artificial Intelligence
subject: Military Application
subject: Armed Forces
subject: Quantum Computing
description: Today is the age of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. The current period of rapid, simultaneous, and systemic transformations driven by advances in science is reshaping industries, blurring geographical boundaries, challenging existing regulatory frameworks, and even redefining what it means to be human. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the software engine that drives the Fourth Industrial Revolution. AI is creating targeted marketing, safer travel through self-driving cars, smarter weapons, and new efficiencies in manufacturing processes, supply chain management, and agricultural production. It holds the promise of solving some of the most pressing issues facing society but also presents challenges such as inscrutable “black box” algorithms, unethical use of data, and potential job displacement.
creator: Mallick, P.K.
source: CLAWS Journal; Vol. 11 No. 2 (2018): Winter 2018; 63-79
source: 2319-5177
publisher: Centre For Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), New Delhi, India
date: 2018-12-31
rights: Copyright (c) 2018 Centre For Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), New Delhi, India
rights: https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/copyright-transfer-form
format: application/pdf
language: eng
type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
type: info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
type: Peer-reviewed Article

Biological Warfare: An Emerging Threat of the Future
subject: Biological Warfare
subject: Military
description: We are living in a geo-politically transforming world, forcing nations to persistently engage in cooperation, competition, cooperation, and even conflict. While the potential global threat and disastrous consequences of biological warfare were known to the domain and few security experts, this threat has come to the forefront and greater scrutiny ever since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. The mind-boggling numbers of human fatalities and casualties, it's spiraling and continuing destructive potential (evolving mutations), along with consequences to the global economy and way of life has clearly illustrated that the biological threat can be even moredevastating than nuclear, because they can persist, propagate, and spread through a population globally. Unfortunately, the existing agreements/conventions specially the Biological Warfare Convention (BWC), signedand ratified almost universally (183 nations), is widely acknowledged, butlacks compliance monitoring and verification mechanisms- making it farfrom effective in controlling biological weapons (BW). In this perspective,the paper examines the emerging threat of biological warfare and theimplications it holds for the world at large and India in particular.
creator: Kumar, P.R.
source: CLAWS Journal; Vol. 14 No. 1 (2021): Summer 2021; 30-50
source: 2319-5177
publisher: Centre For Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), New Delhi, India
date: 2021-06-30
rights: Copyright (c) 2021 Center For Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), New Delhi, India
rights: https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/copyright-transfer-form
format: application/pdf
language: eng
type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
type: info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
type: Peer-reviewed Article