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                <text>The current political environment is undergoing gradual improvements that significantly change the nature of the international system. One of these changes is the growing trend of feminist foreign policy (FFP), which promises to transform the traditional, military-oriented principles that were historically dominant in the international arena. Despite the fact that the world has been working with this concept since 2014, when Sweden adopted the principles of feminism in its decision-making process, there is still no consensus on what the FFP should be like. Using a detailed literature review and the subsequent synthesis of relevant facts, this review article aims to integrate the individual FFP principles into one unit, and to create a research framework that can be used at the empirical level. At the same time, the article discusses the weaknesses of already existing models and briefly evaluates the war in Ukraine through the feminist lens.</text>
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                <text>Czech Journal of International Relations; Vol. 57 No. 3 (2022); 45-80</text>
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                <text>This book offers a comparative survey of 18 contemporary peace processes conducted by leading international scholars.
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                <text>This volume aims to unsettle the silence that surrounds fieldwork failure in both methods training and academic publications. While fieldwork has gradually evolved into standard practice in IR research, the question of possible failures&amp;nbsp;in field-based knowledge production remains conspicuously absent from both graduate training and writing in IR. This volume fills that lacuna by engaging with fieldwork as a site of knowledge production and inevitable failure. It develops methodological discussions in IR in two novel ways. First, it engages failure through experience-near and practice-based perspectives, with authors speaking from&amp;nbsp;their experiences. And secondly, it delves into the politics of methods in IR and the discipline more generally to probe ways in which the realities of research condition scholarly claims.</text>
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                <text>This paper aims to empirically verify the possible existence of “a Chinese effect ”, that is, a substitution effect between the Chinese and the EU-15 investment in the Central and Eastern European (CEE) region, which has been recently involved in the Belt and Road and 17+1 Initiatives. Such an effect can result from the strengthened political orientation of several CEE authoritarian populist and illiberal elites towards China, which can, in turn, discourage the EU-15 from investing in the CEE region. Despite intensified Sino-CEE political relations, the results of the analysis conducted on 15 CEE countries during 2010–2018 suggest that the Chinese FDI does not substitute for investment from the EU-15 market since the expectations regarding the FDI cooperation between China and the CEE region have not been met. Moreover, most of the Chinese investment has been made via mergers and acquisitions, and not via greenfield FDI, which may lead to exaggerations of the relatively weak Chinese influence in the CEE region.</text>
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                <text>Czech Journal of International Relations; Vol. 57 No. 2 (2022); 39-68</text>
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                <text>foreign direct investment</text>
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                <text>Is There “a Chinese Effect” On EU-15 Foreign Direct Investment in Central and Eastern Europe?</text>
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                <text>Cséfalvayová, Katerina</text>
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                <text>In the centre of this essay is a tension that under certain circumstances may appear between various state actors involved in economic diplomacy. In the case of the Slovak economic diplomacy both the Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs and the Ministry of Economy are the main actors in external economic relations. The paper briefly describes the origins of the tension between them and the reconciliation process that took place in the 10 years since the last reform of Slovakia’s economic diplomacy. The crucial reconciling role of the Government’s advisory body, the Council on Export and Investment Promotion, co-chaired by the ministers of foreign affairs and economy, is explained within the presented descriptive case study inbureaucratic politics. The article contributes to the conceptual discourse on economic diplomacy, while extending the theoretical and empirical knowledge of the subject with regard to the behavior of its main power actors econand the tensions between them.</text>
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                <text>Copyright (c) 2022 Czech Journal of International Relations</text>
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                <text>Czech Journal of International Relations; Vol. 57 No. 2 (2022); 7-37</text>
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                <text>Reconciling Institutional Actors of Economic Diplomacy: The Case of Slovakia</text>
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                  <text>International Studies - Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal       </text>
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              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="71997">
                  <text>Lodz University Press        </text>
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                <text>Zaręba, Michał</text>
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                <text>This article aims to analyze the current socio-economic situation of the Khmer minority in Vietnam and to present the evolution of the Vietnamese government’s policy towards this ethnic group since the period of division to present days. In order to realize this goal, the following research questions were asked: 1) What is the status of the Khmer community in Vietnam regarding social and economic level?; 2) Has the Khmer minority developed a sense of a strong, separate identity?; 3) What is the policy of the Vietnamese authorities towards the Khmercommunity? The analysis aims to verify the hypothesis that declarations of the Vietnamese government regarding the implementation of a policy respecting cultural diversity, improving living conditions and material situation of the Khmer people are not fulfilled. There are still many neglected spheres, and the Khmer people suffer discrimination, maintaining a strong sense of national identity by cultivating Khmer traditions and customs.</text>
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                <text>Celem artykułu jest analiza obecnej sytuacji socjoekonomicznej mniejszości Khmerów w Wietnamie oraz przedstawienie ewolucji polityki rządu wietnamskiego wobec tej grupy od okresu podziału kraju do czasów współczesnych. Aby zrealizować to założenie, postawiono następujące pytania badawcze: 1) Jaki jest status społeczności khmerskiej w Wietnamie na płaszczyźnie społecznej i ekonomicznej?; 2) Czy mniejszość Khmerów wykształciła poczucie silnej, odrębnej tożsamości?; 3) Jaka jest polityka wietnamskich władz wobec społeczności khmerskiej? Analiza ma na celu weryfikację hipotezy zakładającej, iż deklaracje wietnamskiego rządu odnośnie do prowadzenia polityki mającej na celu poszanowanie odmienności kulturowej oraz poprawienie warunków życia i sytuacji materialnej Khmerów nie znajdują pokrycia w rzeczywistości. Nadal pozostaje wiele zaniedbanych sfer, a Khmerzy doznają dyskryminacji, zachowując silne poczucie tożsamości narodowej poprzez kultywowanie khmerskiej tradycji i obyczajów.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="71974">
                <text>https://czasopisma.uni.lodz.pl/international/article/view/18277</text>
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                <text>https://czasopisma.uni.lodz.pl/international/article/view/18277/17909</text>
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                <text>https://czasopisma.uni.lodz.pl/international/article/view/18277/17910</text>
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                <text>International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal; Vol. 28 No. 2 (2021): Essays on Society in South-Eastern Asia; 111-135</text>
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                <text>International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal; Tom 28 Nr 2 (2021): Szkice o społeczeństwie w Azji Południowo-Wschodniej; 111-135</text>
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                <text>1641-4233</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="71985">
                <text>Vietnam</text>
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                <text>minorities in Vietnam</text>
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                <text>Khmer minority</text>
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                <text>Wietnam</text>
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                <text>mniejszości w Wietnamie</text>
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                <text>mniejszość khmerska</text>
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                <text>polityka Wietnamu wobec mniejszości</text>
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                <text>Situation of Khmer Minority in Vietnam. Policy of the Vietnamese Authorities and Durability of the Khmer Tradition</text>
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                <text>Sytuacja Khmerów w Wietnamie. Polityka władz wietnamskich wobec mniejszości a trwałość khmerskiej tradycji</text>
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                <text>Chorąży, Przemysław</text>
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                <text>The article contains the most important information about the population of Cambodia, its history from ancient times to the present day, the political situation including freedom of expression, the economic situation and the issue of violations of children’s rights. The main objective of this article is to provide the reader with basic information about Cambodia and to analyse the main problems of this Asian country in the second decade of the 21st century, with a special focus on the violation of children’s rights. The aim of the analysis is to answer the question: how does the political-economic situation and the history of the country affect the situation of children in Cambodia.
The main part of the article deals with social problems such as poverty, lack of freedom of expression, persecution of political opponents by the authorities, prostitution and human trafficking, including violations of the rights of the youngest and the stigmatisation of orphanage residents.</text>
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                <text>Artykuł prezentuje najważniejsze informacje na temat ludności Kambodży, jej historii od czasów starożytnych do współczesności. Omówiona została obecna sytuacja ekonomiczna i polityczna kraju oraz poruszono kwestię nieprzestrzegania wolności słowa. W szczególności zwrócono uwagę na problematykę związaną z łamaniem praw dzieci. Poddano zatem analizie główne problemy tego azjatyckiego kraju w drugiej dekadzie XXI wieku. Jako cel główny przyjęto odpowiedź na pytanie: jak sytuacja polityczno-ekonomiczna i historia kraju wpływają na sytuację dzieci w Kambodży?
Poszczególne rozdziały dotykają takich problemów społecznych, jak: bieda, brak wolności słowa, prześladowanie przeciwników politycznych przez władzę, prostytucja i handel ludźmi, wliczając w to łamanie praw najmłodszych i stygmatyzację mieszkańców sierocińców.</text>
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                <text>International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal; Vol. 28 No. 2 (2021): Essays on Society in South-Eastern Asia; 97-109</text>
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                <text>International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal; Tom 28 Nr 2 (2021): Szkice o społeczeństwie w Azji Południowo-Wschodniej; 97-109</text>
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                <text>Social Issues of Modern Cambodia in the 21st Century. The Problem of Violating Children’s Rights</text>
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                <text>Problemy społeczne współczesnej Kambodży w drugiej dekadzie XXI wieku. Problem łamania praw dzieci</text>
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                <text>Ługowska, Oliwia</text>
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                <text>As an object of Western public and media interest, Laos still appears to be an overlooked and unnoticed country. In a sense, it remains in the shadow of its larger neighbours Vietnam and Thailand, who capture the world’s attention in the context of the Indochina region, and the Lao People’s Democratic Republic itself remains rather on the sidelines of world politics. This state of affairs also relates to Western observers’ recognition of the social problems facing the country.
I focus this article on providing an insight into the specific characteristics of Laos and defining the social problems the country has had to face over the past three decades. It answers questions about the characteristics of Laos, how it fares in the HDI ranking and what social challenges it faces. The thesis put forward by the authors is that the LRLD, as a moderately developed and ethnically diverse country, is confronted with the resulting social problems.
The authors used the monographic method to conduct their research, which they based on an analysis of collected scientific publications, statistical data and internet sources. The research succeeded in confirming the hypothesis. The social problems plaguing the Lao People’s Democratic Republic have their origins primarily in the poor material situation of the majority of the population, the lack of infrastructure and the ethnic diversity that the authorities in Vientiane are unable to cope with. However, looking at the general trend of development in Laos, the scale and incidence of the issues described in the paper should gradually decrease.</text>
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                <text>Laos wydaje się być nadal państwem pomijanym i niezauważanym przez zachodnie media i opinię publiczną. Pozostaje w cieniu swoich większych sąsiadów, Wietnamu i Tajlandii, które są wpływowymi państwami ASEAN, podczas gdy Laotańska Republika Ludowo-Demokratyczna znalazła się na uboczu regionalnej i światowej polityki. Taki stan rzeczy odnosi się również do rozpoznania przez zachodnich obserwatorów problemów społecznych, z którymi boryka się to państwo.
Niniejszy artykuł koncentruje się na przybliżeniu specyfiki i zdefiniowaniu problemów społecznych, z którymi Laos mierzył się w ostatnich trzech dekadach. Przedstawiona została charakterystyka Laosu, z uwzględnieniem analizy rankingu HDI, by na tym tle odpowiedzieć na pytania dotyczące wyzwań społecznych stojących przed LRLD. Autorzy artykułu wskazują, że problemy te wynikają z faktu, iż jest to kraj średnio rozwinięty i zróżnicowany etnicznie.
Do przeprowadzenia badań posłużyła metoda monograficzna, oparta na analizie zgromadzonych publikacji naukowych, danych statystycznych oraz źródeł internetowych. W wyniku badań udało się potwierdzić następującą hipotezę: nękające Laotańską Republikę Ludowo-Demokratyczną problemy o charakterze społecznym mają swoje źródło przede wszystkim w złej sytuacji materialnej większości obywateli, braku infrastruktury oraz zróżnicowaniu etnicznym społeczeństwa. Z powyższymi problemami rząd w Wientian wyraźnie sobie nie radzi. Patrząc jednak na ogólną tendencję rozwojową Laosu, skala opisanych w pracy problemów powinna się sukcesywnie zmniejszać.</text>
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                <text>International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal; Vol. 28 No. 2 (2021): Essays on Society in South-Eastern Asia; 79-95</text>
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                <text>Selected Social Issues of the Lao People’s Democratic Republic</text>
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                <text>Maślak, Edyta</text>
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                <text>Malaysia is a culturally and ethnically diverse country in Southeast Asia. The aim of the work is to examine the causes and impact of the lack of cohesion and integrity in Malaysian society, as well as to check whether the local government counteracts divisions among the discussed nation. Basic information about Malaysia and an analysis of indicators relevant to the assessment of the social development of the country in question are also presented. The paper also describes selected socio-economic problems occurring in this country. Opportunities for economic and social development of Malaysia in the coming years were also presented. The text is mainly based on research: Budowa państwa w warunkach wieloetniczności. Przypadek Malezji [State Bilding in Multi-Ethnic Conditions. The Case of Malaysia] by Ewa Trojnar, Problem nierówności dochodowych i ubóstwo w wieloetnicznym społeczeństwie Malezji [The Problem of Income Inequality and Poverty in the Multi-Ethnic Society of Malaysia] by Paweł Glinik and Sexuality Education in Malaysia: Perceived Issues and Barriers by Professionals by Zahra Fazli Khalaf, Wah Yun Low, Effat Merghati-Khoei, Behzad Ghorbani. Conclusions were presented that Malaysia, due to its intensive economic evolution, is perceived as a strong ally in the international arena. It was also noted that the country in question could be a role model for partners and poor countries in this region of Asia. Unfortunately, differences in the legal situation of individual ethnic and racial groups, economic disproportion or lack of quality education (even sex education) lead to social stagnation. The solution may be the implementation of selected Sustainable Development Goals set by the United Nations, which will consolidate the further development of Malaysia and improve the general well-being of citizens. Implementation of these measures may be the way for Malaysia to become a leader in Southeast Asia, but it requires many social changes that should be implemented as soon as possible.</text>
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                <text>Malezja to zróżnicowany kulturowo i etnicznie kraj w Azji Południowo-Wschodniej. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest zbadanie przyczyn oraz wpływu braku spójności i integralności społeczeństwa Malezji na możliwości rozwoju tego kraju, a także sprawdzenie, czy tamtejszy rząd stara się zapobiegać podziałom społecznym. Przedstawiono również podstawowe informacje dotyczące Malezji oraz dokonano analizy wskaźników istotnych w ocenie rozwoju społecznego tego kraju. Na tym tle zaprezentowano wybrane problemy społeczno-ekonomiczne oraz możliwości rozwoju gospodarczego i społecznego Malezji w najbliższych latach.
Artykuł opiera się głównie na następujących opracowaniach: Budowa państwa w warunkach wieloetniczności. Przypadek Malezji Ewy Trojnar, Problem nierówności dochodowych i ubóstwo w wieloetnicznym społeczeństwie Malezji Pawła Glinika oraz Sexuality Education in Malaysia: Perceived Issues and Barriers by Professionals, którego autorami są Zahra Fazli Khalaf, Wah Yun Low, Effat Merghati-Khoei, Behzad Ghorbani. Postawiono wnioski, iż Malezja ze względu na swój intensywny rozwój gospodarczy może być dla partnerów i biednych krajów tego regionu Azji wzorem do naśladowania. Niestety, różnice w sytuacji prawnej poszczególnych grup etnicznych i rasowych, dysproporcje ekonomiczne czy brak odpowiedniej jakości kształcenia (nawet edukacji seksualnej) prowadzą do stagnacji społecznej. Rozwiązaniem mogłoby być przyjęcie do realizacji wybranych Celów Zrównoważonego Rozwoju określonych przez Organizację Narodów Zjednoczonych, które ugruntowałyby dalszy rozwój Malezji oraz poprawiły dobrostan jej obywateli. Malezja ma szansę wejść na drogę do stania się liderem w regionie Azji Południowo-Wschodniej, ale wymaga to wielu zmian społecznych, które powinny zostać wprowadzone jak najszybciej.</text>
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