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                <text>International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal; Vol. 24 No. 2 (2019): Stakeholder Engagement, Partnership and Collaboration in Public Policies; 57-78</text>
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                <text>To Ally or Not? The Critical Factors of a New Alliance Model in Urban Infrastructure Projects</text>
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                <text>Social media have become a standard in contemporary communication. That is especially true for business which jumped at the opportunity to con­nect with current and prospective customers allowing them to integrate with their favourite brands and products even further. This trend, however, seems to be absent in the public domain. Local authorities notice social media but attempt to use it in a one-to-many format, which is incompatible with the interactive nature of the new medium. Cities can strongly benefit from an active presence in the social sphere as it opens new paths to co-governance and better communication.</text>
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                <text>International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal; Vol. 24 No. 2 (2019): Stakeholder Engagement, Partnership and Collaboration in Public Policies; 41-56</text>
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                <text>Social Media as a Contemporary Communication Tool Between a City and its Users – a Theoretical Approach</text>
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                <text>The purpose of the paper is to examine the potential of participatory budgeting (PB) for the formation of citizen identity and attachment to the place in terms of individual, territorial and thematic focus. In the theoretical discussion, the authors analyse the concepts of place attachment, social identity and their influence on civic participation. The authors propose a conceptual framework for the analysis of relationships between PB, place attachment, and social identity. In the case of the community development model of PB, place attachment should lead to the citizens’ increased inclination to participate. In the case of participatory democracy model of PB citizen participation can lead to a stronger place attachment. The con­ceptual framework presented in the paper requires empirical confirmation. Further research on the subject should revolve around the influence of place attachment on the formation of social identity and vice versa by application of the discussed models of PB. The placemakers should take into account literature-based evidence that advisory models of PB do not reinforce place identity. The places that apply one of the transition models should consider the evolution of their PB policies towards either community development model or participatory democracy model. By review of diverse theoretical approaches on place identity and local participation, the paper creates a solid foundation for further analysis of the relationships between the applica­tion of PB and the development of civic identity and place attachment.</text>
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                <text>International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal; Vol. 24 No. 2 (2019): Stakeholder Engagement, Partnership and Collaboration in Public Policies; 27-40</text>
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                <text>Beyond Figures and Numbers Participatory Budgeting as a Leverage for Citizen Identity and Attachment to Place</text>
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                <text>&amp;nbsp;The paper shows relationships between the characteristics of residents and the places, where they live. A combination of three criteria of place attractiveness (retention and attraction, conditions for natural growth, and settling) was chosen to classify places, and profiles of their beneficiaries on the theoretical level. The results of the empirical study partially con­firm the developed theoretical typologies. Two methods to segment place market are equal only if expectations of population are constant. Study results allow place marketers to identify emerging shifts in the structure of beneficiaries of specific places and predict their further evolution.</text>
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                <text>https://czasopisma.uni.lodz.pl/international/article/view/6983</text>
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                <text>10.18778/1641-4233.24.02</text>
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                <text>eng</text>
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                <text>Lodz University Press</text>
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                <text>https://czasopisma.uni.lodz.pl/international/article/view/6983/6558</text>
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                <text>International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal; Vol. 24 No. 2 (2019): Stakeholder Engagement, Partnership and Collaboration in Public Policies; 11-25</text>
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                <text>International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal; Tom 24 Nr 2 (2019): Stakeholder Engagement, Partnership and Collaboration in Public Policies; 11-25</text>
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                <text>2300-8695</text>
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                <text>resident</text>
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                <text>beneficiary</text>
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                <text>market segment</text>
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                <text>Beneficiaries of A Place: Whose Life Is Better?</text>
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                  <text>International Studies - Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal       </text>
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                <text>Smoluk, Marek</text>
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                <text>In 1536 the English Parliament under pressure from Henry VIII and the Lord Chancellor, Thomas Cromwell, gave its consent for the dissolution of the lesser monasteries and abbeys in the king’s realm, and three years later with the sanction of MPs some of the greater religious houses also suffered the same fate. The principal aim of this paper is to assess the importance of this political decision with a view to examining the progress being made in the field of education in England in the middle of the sixteenth century resultant upon this dissolution. The evaluation of the merits and demerits originating from the suppression of the English monasteries is made in terms of both primary and academic education. The answers to these key questions are preceded by a short analysis of the reputation monasteries and abbeys had acquired by that time. Also on a selective basis, some opinions have been presented here to provide an overall picture of the standing of the monks and nuns and their concomitant activities, as perceived through the eyes of English society; the eminent scholars and humanists In particular. Subsequently, before assessing the consequences resulting from the dissolution of the religious houses in England, some consideration is given to the reasoning and rationale which lay behind both Henry VIII and his Lord Chancellor’s political decisions.</text>
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                <text>https://czasopisma.uni.lodz.pl/international/article/view/6978</text>
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                <text>10.2478/v10223-012-0057-x</text>
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                <text>eng</text>
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                <text>Lodz University Press</text>
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                <text>https://czasopisma.uni.lodz.pl/international/article/view/6978/6555</text>
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          </element>
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            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="70673">
                <text>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="70674">
                <text>International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal; Vol. 14 No. 1 (2012); 109-120</text>
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                <text>International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal; Tom 14 Nr 1 (2012); 109-120</text>
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                <text>2300-8695</text>
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                <text>1641-4233</text>
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                <text>the reign of Henry VIII</text>
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                <text>Thomas Cromwell</text>
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                <text>the dissolution of the monasteries</text>
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                <text>Tudor education</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="70682">
                <text>The Dissolution of the Monasteries and its Impact on Education in Tudor Times</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="68492">
                  <text>International Studies - Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal       </text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="71997">
                  <text>Lodz University Press        </text>
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                  <text>ISSN: 1641-4233&#13;
e-ISSN: 2300-8695</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="70643">
                <text>Kačerauskas, Tomas</text>
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                <text>The article deals with Heidegger’s attitudes towards theology. Heidegger, stating that existential philosophy and theology are incompatible, advances a thesis of not objectivating poetic thinking. Whereas, Ricoeur’s biblical hermeneutics is based on his theory of metaphor. The lingual act here means the destruction of the old outlook for the sake of the new one. In this dramatic way cognition occurs as a meeting. The poetica thinking of the late Heidegger is also based on a meeting that covers both horizontal coexistence and vertical direction. The author raises the question whether the poetica thinking of the late Heidegger is not theological?</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="70647">
                <text>https://czasopisma.uni.lodz.pl/international/article/view/6977</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="70648">
                <text>10.2478/v10223-012-0056-y</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="70649">
                <text>eng</text>
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                <text>Lodz University Press</text>
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                <text>https://czasopisma.uni.lodz.pl/international/article/view/6977/6554</text>
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            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="70652">
                <text>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="70653">
                <text>International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal; Vol. 14 No. 1 (2012); 95-107</text>
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                <text>International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal; Tom 14 Nr 1 (2012); 95-107</text>
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                <text>theology</text>
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                <text>hermeneutics</text>
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                <text>existential philosophy</text>
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                <text>poetic thinking</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="70661">
                <text>Theology, Hermeneutics and Philosophical Poetics</text>
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                  <text>International Studies - Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal       </text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="71997">
                  <text>Lodz University Press        </text>
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          <element elementId="39">
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              <elementText elementTextId="70621">
                <text>Igboin, Benson O.</text>
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                <text>In the decade since Al-Qaeda, led by the late Osama Bin Laden, attacked America, there has been a resurgence in the debate about the relationship between religion and politics. The global Islamic terrorist networks and their successful operations against various targets around the globe increasingly draw attention to what constitutes the core values of Islamic extremism: the logic of evangelistic strategy, the import and relevance of its spiritual message and consideration of the composite view of life that does not distinguish between sacred and temporal mandates. Suspicions have been fuelled that Islam is incompatible with modern democratic systems and pluralist outlooks. The real cause of Islamic militancy is at once universal and particular. The Nigerian experience of this radical Islamism–Boko Haram–brings home the once “distant” threat to global peaceful co-existence. While there exist arguments regarding the raison d’etre and means or methods of the operations of Boko Haram, the end has been normative; to achieve a purely religious nationalistic system on the basis of the sharia code of ethics. This paper, therefore, critically analyses the historical and philosophical interpretations of Islamic history constructed as an infallible corpus, and how it has been impacted by the democratic vision in Nigeria. It concludes with a consideration of the possibility and practicability of a liberal system at once free and religious in a pluralist and global society.</text>
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                <text>https://czasopisma.uni.lodz.pl/international/article/view/6896</text>
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                <text>10.2478/v10223-012-0055-z</text>
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                <text>eng</text>
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                <text>Lodz University Press</text>
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                <text>https://czasopisma.uni.lodz.pl/international/article/view/6896/6474</text>
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                <text>International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal; Vol. 14 No. 1 (2012); 75-93</text>
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                <text>International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal; Tom 14 Nr 1 (2012); 75-93</text>
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                <text>Forecasts predicting the reunification of the Korean Peninsula were common throughout the 1990s. Since then, enthusiasm for such predictions has dampened, and though the fundamental assumption of reunification remains, predictions of when and how this will happen have been more restrained. Reunification leaves two unresolved yet interdependent issues: reunification itself, which is the urgent challenge; and the strategic issues that emerge from reunification, which have the potential to fundamentally transform strategic relations in the region of Northeast Asia. Within this context, this paper examines the prospects of Korean reunification against the background of the interstate relations. Initially, it will establish the framework from which such scenarios will emerge: the historical background of the division, the extreme differences between the two states, the role played by the North Korean nuclear threats and the impact of the September 11, 2001 on the interstate relations, and finally general situation and relations in the East Asian region. Then, three possible scenarios of the unification will be developed: through peaceful integration, through the fall of North Korea or through a war. Summing up, even the death of Kim Jong Il will not bring change in the domestic and foreign policy of North Korea which is going to continue an aggressive approach toward the South. In the short-term reunification is definitely not in the interest of the current ROK administration, and the South has no intention of encouraging it. None of the considered scenarios envisions early reunification, and it seems that for the future, the status quo on the Korean Peninsula will remain.</text>
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                <text>International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal; Vol. 14 No. 1 (2012); 53-73</text>
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                <text>International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal; Tom 14 Nr 1 (2012); 53-73</text>
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                <text>Korean reunification</text>
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                <text>inter-Korean relations</text>
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                <text>the Republic of Korea (South Korea)</text>
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                <text>Current Prospects of Korean Reunification against the Background of the Interstate Relations</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="70576">
                <text>Silander, Daniel</text>
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                <text>Janzekovitz, John</text>
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                <text>The traditional assumption of the state sovereignty norm has been that an international society of states will structure the international order to safeguard the interests of the state. The end of the Cold War era transformed international relations and led to a discussion on how states interacted with their populations. From the early 1990s, research on international relations, war and peace, and security studies identified the growing problem of failing states. Such states are increasingly unable to implement the core functions that define the sovereignty norms. This article explores the state-building process of Kosovo with a focus on the political road taken from independence in February 2008 to the challenges Kosovo faces today. Kosovo still has substantial issues to address regarding core state functions in the development of prosperity, popular representation and security.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="70581">
                <text>https://czasopisma.uni.lodz.pl/international/article/view/6887</text>
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                <text>10.2478/v10223-012-0053-1</text>
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                <text>eng</text>
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                <text>https://czasopisma.uni.lodz.pl/international/article/view/6887/6464</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="70587">
                <text>International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal; Vol. 14 No. 1 (2012); 39-52</text>
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                <text>International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal; Tom 14 Nr 1 (2012); 39-52</text>
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                <text>Failing state</text>
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                <text>State-Building and Democracy: Prosperity, Representation and Security in Kosovo</text>
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                <text>My article will take issue with some of the scholarship on current and prospective configurations of the Caribbean and, in more general terms, postcolonial literary criticism. It will give an account of the turn-of-the century debates about literary value and critical practice and analyze how contemporary fiction by Caribbean female writers responds to the socioeconomic reality that came into being with the rise of globalization and neo-liberalism. I will use David Scott’s thought provoking study-Refashioning Futures: Criticism after Postcoloniality (1999)-to outline the history of the Caribbean literary discourse and to try to rethink the strategic goals of postcolonial criticism.</text>
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                <text>https://czasopisma.uni.lodz.pl/international/article/view/6885</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="70561">
                <text>10.2478/v10223-012-0052-2</text>
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                <text>https://czasopisma.uni.lodz.pl/international/article/view/6885/6462</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="70566">
                <text>International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal; Vol. 14 No. 1 (2012); 23-38</text>
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                <text>International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal; Tom 14 Nr 1 (2012); 23-38</text>
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                <text>postcolonialism</text>
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                <text>Modernity, (Post)modernism and New Horizons of Postcolonial Studies. The Role and Direction of Caribbean Writing and Criticism in the Twenty-first Century</text>
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