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                  <text>International Studies - Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal       </text>
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                <text>Waśko-Owsiejczuk, Ewelina</text>
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                <text>The “Freedom Agenda” of President George W. Bush for the Middle East assumed that the liberation of Iraq from the dictatorship of Saddam Hussein and the start of political change would trigger the process of democratization of the entire region. Encouraged by financial and economic support, Arab countries should have been willing to implement political and educational support, which would lead to the creation of civil society and grass-roots political changes initiated by society itself. A number of mistakes made by the Bush administration in Iraq has not only caused the mission of the democratization of Iraq to be a failure, but also influenced the situation that today Iraq is closer to being a failed state than a democracy.</text>
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                <text>https://czasopisma.uni.lodz.pl/international/article/view/3825</text>
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                <text>10.18778/1641-4233.21.02</text>
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            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="69143">
                <text>eng</text>
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                <text>Lodz University Press</text>
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            <description>A related resource</description>
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                <text>https://czasopisma.uni.lodz.pl/international/article/view/3825/3428</text>
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            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="69146">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2018 International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="69147">
                <text>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</text>
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                <text>International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal; Vol. 21 No. 1 (2018): The Political and Social Problems of the Contemporary Middle East and its Neighbouring Areas; 11-32</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="69149">
                <text>International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal; Tom 21 Nr 1 (2018): International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal; 11-32</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="69150">
                <text>2300-8695</text>
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                <text>1641-4233</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
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                <text>United States</text>
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                <text>Iraq</text>
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                <text>Terrorism</text>
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                <text>Extremism</text>
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                <text>Democracy</text>
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                <text>Middle East</text>
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                <text>American Plans to Build Democracy in the Middle East After 9/11: the Case of Iraq</text>
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                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
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e-ISSN: 2300-8695</text>
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            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="69119">
                <text>Erdem, Engin I.</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="69120">
                <text>2017-12-30</text>
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                <text>In the post-Single European Act period, debates around European identity have intensified, particularly in the context of EU enlargement. The EU’s move to being a supranational political entity in the past two decades has caused serious concerns in some sections of the elite and people across the EU member states. While French and Dutch rejections of the constitutional treaty set an important milestone, Turkey’s quest for the EU membership has complicated to a great extent controversies on European identity. The reviewed books here contribute to efforts to understand the extent to which European identity and Turkey’s bid for the EU membership has entangled. It is more likely to witness debates around both European identity and Turkey’s candidacy for the Union for many years to come; therefore, these books will more likely remain relevant for the academic and policy circles.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="69123">
                <text>https://czasopisma.uni.lodz.pl/international/article/view/2760</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="69124">
                <text>10.1515/ipcj-2017-0022</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="69125">
                <text>eng</text>
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                <text>Lodz University Press</text>
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            <description>A related resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="69127">
                <text>https://czasopisma.uni.lodz.pl/international/article/view/2760/2374</text>
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            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="69128">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2017 International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="69129">
                <text>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="69130">
                <text>International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal; Vol. 20 No. 1 (2017): Northern Europe. New Political, Economic and Social Trends; 147-157</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="69131">
                <text>International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal; Tom 20 Nr 1 (2017): International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal; 147-157</text>
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                <text>2300-8695</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
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                <text>European Identity and Turkey’s Quest for the EU Membership</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="69097">
                <text>Kobierecki, Michał Marcin</text>
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                <text>Norway is perceived as a country with a clear international identity. The aim of the article is to investigate the sports diplomacy of Norway and to examine its influence on the international brand of this country. The author will define the term “sports diplomacy” and attempt to outline the strategy of Norway’s public diplomacy; an analysis of the methods used in Norwegian sports diplomacy will follow. The main hypothesis of this paper is that sports diplomacy only plays a subsidiary role in Norwegian nation branding.</text>
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                <text>https://czasopisma.uni.lodz.pl/international/article/view/2759</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="69102">
                <text>10.1515/ipcj-2017-0021</text>
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                <text>eng</text>
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                <text>Lodz University Press</text>
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                <text>https://czasopisma.uni.lodz.pl/international/article/view/2759/2373</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="69106">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2017 International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="69107">
                <text>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</text>
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            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="69108">
                <text>International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal; Vol. 20 No. 1 (2017): Northern Europe. New Political, Economic and Social Trends; 131-146</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="69109">
                <text>International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal; Tom 20 Nr 1 (2017): International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal; 131-146</text>
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                <text>2300-8695</text>
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                <text>Sports diplomacy</text>
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                <text>public diplomacy</text>
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                <text>nation branding</text>
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                <text>international image of Norway</text>
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                <text>Sports Diplomacy of Norway</text>
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e-ISSN: 2300-8695</text>
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          <element elementId="39">
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            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="69073">
                <text>Legutko, Agnieszka Joanna</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="69074">
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                <text>The author analyzes the successful strategy of overcoming financial breakdown in the case study of Iceland. The aim of the article is to verify a hypothesis that the Icelandic model could become a panacea for future crises? A document analysis method is applied to present essential indicators such as GDP and trade balance. With the use of a source analysis method, the collapse of the financial sector is determined as the main cause of the slump. The systematization of crisis events is introduced and deepened by the social and political situation. Changes in the state’s condition after the crash are provided and future forecasts about economic development are discussed. As a summing up, the author disapproves of the hypothesis that the Icelandic model of overcoming the financial breakdown as a panacea for future crises, pointing out that it is only applicable for specific cases and cannot be seen as a magical remedy for every kind of crisis.</text>
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                <text>Nordic co-operation is renowned throughout the world and perceived as the collaboration of a group of countries which are similar in their views and activities. The main pillars of the Nordic model of co-operation are the tradition of constitutional principles, activity of public movements and organisations, freedom of speech, equality, solidarity, and respect for the natural environment. In connection with labour and entrepreneurship, these elements are the features of a society which favours efficiency, a sense of security and balance between an individual and a group. Currently, the collaboration is a complex process, including many national, governmental and institutional connections which form the “Nordic family”.</text>
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