10 10 148 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource CLAWS Journal Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Centre for Land Warfare Studies, New Delhi, India Language A language of the resource English Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Prabhu, Ranjan Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2019-06-30 Description An account of the resource Accessing and analysing news from around the world has become the key to understanding the global security environment. In view of this, in 1941, United States (U.S.) President Franklin D. Roosevelt established an office called the Foreign Broadcast Information Service (FBIS), to be run out of the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). The office's mandate was simple: translate the news from around the world for US policy-makers to make informed decisions. However, in the past, there was only a handful of electronic and print media which needed to be scoured for news by analysts. But, in the current times, the situation has changed drastically. In today's world, there is a multitude of news platforms that produce an immense amount of news data that require a large number of analysts to process the information—making such an organisation uneconomical and unwieldy. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/article/view/103 Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Centre For Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), New Delhi, India Relation A related resource https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/article/view/103/109 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright (c) 2019 Centre For Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), New Delhi, India https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/copyright-transfer-form Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived CLAWS Journal; Vol. 12 No. 1 (2019): Summer 2019; 194-199 2319-5177 Subject The topic of the resource Book Review Intelligence Title A name given to the resource “Intelligence in a Datadriven Age by Cortney Weinbaum and John N.T. Shanahan” Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource CLAWS Journal Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Centre for Land Warfare Studies, New Delhi, India Language A language of the resource English Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Kumar, Narendra Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2019-06-30 Description An account of the resource The Long-Range Strike Bomber (LRSB) fleet is a legacy left behind by the Cold War era when trans-regional and inter-continental range bombers were part of the nuclear triad. The United States (US) and the Soviet Union maintained LRSBs primarily to support nuclear missions but during the height of the Cold War, these bombers were also kept ready for conventional missions. China has been working for a long to develop LRSBs to put in place a credible nuclear triad. China has redefined its strategic boundaries and is asserting to break the myth of the ‘first and second island chains' to project power beyond these geographical bottlenecks through maritime and air power. The strategic bombers give China flexibility to gain access to the Western Pacific and north-south movement along the Asian seaboard to complement its Anti-Access/Area Denial (AA/AD) strategy. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/article/view/99 Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Centre For Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), New Delhi, India Relation A related resource https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/article/view/99/107 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright (c) 2019 Centre For Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), New Delhi, India https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/copyright-transfer-form Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived CLAWS Journal; Vol. 12 No. 1 (2019): Summer 2019; 185-193 2319-5177 Subject The topic of the resource China Long Range Aviation PLA Air Force Title A name given to the resource China's Long Range Bombers a Strategic Challenge to the Region Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource CLAWS Journal Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Centre for Land Warfare Studies, New Delhi, India Language A language of the resource English Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Kanwal, Gurmeet Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2019-06-30 Description An account of the resource The vision of a Naya (new) Pakistan enunciated by Prime Minister Imran Khan, Chairman of the Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI) Party, faces seemingly insurmountable challenges. The new government has inherited poor relations with India, continuing conflict along the Af-Pak border, intractable internal security challenges, a failing economy, a huge external debt, and a steady souring of relations with the US. It also faces the possibility of a dent in its relations with China. By accommodating and promoting the geo-strategic interests of China and the United States in Southern Asia over several decades, Pakistan made itself virtually indispensable to both. However, the Trump administration is unwilling to countenance the Pakistan Army's doublespeak and has drastically curtailed military aid. And, in a bearhug which the Pakistanis did not see coming, China has entangled the country in a web of debt through the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC). China intends to make the CPEC the flagship project of its ambitious ‘Belt and Road Initiative' (BRI) for the geopolitical and economic domination of Asia. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/article/view/97 Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Centre For Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), New Delhi, India Relation A related resource https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/article/view/97/105 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright (c) 2019 Centre For Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), New Delhi, Ind https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/copyright-transfer-form Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived CLAWS Journal; Vol. 12 No. 1 (2019): Summer 2019; 180-184 2319-5177 Subject The topic of the resource Pakistan China United States Geopolitics Title A name given to the resource Pakistan’s Relations with China and the US: Increasing Misgivings on all Sides Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource CLAWS Journal Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Centre for Land Warfare Studies, New Delhi, India Language A language of the resource English Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Pathania, Jyoti M. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2019-06-30 Description An account of the resource The importance of military power will remain as long as the nation-state exists. Some prominent military strategists and thinkers like Chanakya, Clausewitz, and Sun Tzu believed that no nation could be secure unless it had a powerful military, which could deter a potential adversary. Military power is the power that not only determines a country's power ranking but, for many states, the development and growth of their military power becomes a catalyst for their rise to great power status. For any military of the world, it is perhaps necessary to have a basic rule/principle or a set of beliefs to serve as its foundation. This is best encapsulated in the form of a doctrine. But the question arises: should the doctrine also reflect the modernisation and transformation which is required to keep the military upgraded and up to date? This would involve a change in the mindset/thought process, review of doctrine, strategy, war-fighting, concept, organisational structures, human resource optimisation, training methodology, and logistics concepts in order to meet the operational challenges of the future. In other words, the transformation would require a profound change in the overall military affairs. In view of this, the article will examine if any changes have taken place in Pakistan's military doctrine. In doing so, the article is divided into three parts: part one traces the etymology of the word doctrine and defines military doctrine; part two, covers the typology of doctrine; and part three, studies the fundamentals of Pakistan's military doctrine in a two-fold perspective: (a) functions of a fundamental military doctrine; (b) roots of a fundamental military doctrine, and analyses the changes in the doctrine. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/article/view/96 Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Centre For Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), New Delhi, India Relation A related resource https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/article/view/96/104 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright (c) 2019 Centre For Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), New Delhi, India https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/copyright-transfer-form Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived CLAWS Journal; Vol. 12 No. 1 (2019): Summer 2019; 166-179 2319-5177 Subject The topic of the resource Pakistan Military Military Structure Title A name given to the resource Has Pakistan's Military Doctrine Transformed? Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource CLAWS Journal Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Centre for Land Warfare Studies, New Delhi, India Language A language of the resource English Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rana, D.S. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2019-06-30 Description An account of the resource Since the formation of the People's Republic of China (PRC), China's defence forces have evolved through various stages of modernisation with a focus on doctrinal changes, structural reforms, as well as reduction of forces. Post Mao era, the first sincere attempt to infuse professionalism in the outdated People's Liberation Army (PLA) commenced in the true sense when ‘national defence' was made one of the ‘Four Modernisations,' as announced by Deng Xiaoping in 1978. This boost towards military modernisation was catalysed by the reduced threat perception post disintegration of the Soviet Union in 1991 and greater allocation in the defence budget for upgradation post 1995, as boosted by an improved Chinese economy. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/article/view/95 Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Centre For Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), New Delhi, India Relation A related resource https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/article/view/95/103 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright (c) 2019 Centre For Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), New Delhi, India https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/copyright-transfer-form Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived CLAWS Journal; Vol. 12 No. 1 (2019): Summer 2019; 138-165 2319-5177 Subject The topic of the resource China Defence Reforms Title A name given to the resource Chinese Defence Reforms and Lessons for India Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource CLAWS Journal Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Centre for Land Warfare Studies, New Delhi, India Language A language of the resource English Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Das, S.P. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2019-06-30 Description An account of the resource The Indian defence manufacturing sector is largely dominated by the Defence Public Sector Units (DPSUs) and Ordnance Factory Board (OFB), whereas the Research and Development (R&D) sector is solely controlled by the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO). India's defence industry is primarily controlled by the government and its agencies. Though the defence industry was opened up for private domestic players in 2001, so far there has been limited participation of the private sector in the overall defence procurement. India boasts of one of the largest defence industrial bases among the developing nations in the world. Approximately two lakh people are employed in the various defence manufacturing units/laboratories of the government. The key components of India's existing Defence Industrial Base (DIB) are the DPSUs, Ordnance Factories (Ord Fys), DRDO—all functioning under the overall control of the government's Ministry of Defence (MoD)—and a few private sector companies comprising both large and Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/article/view/93 Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Centre For Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), New Delhi, India Relation A related resource https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/article/view/93/101 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright (c) 2019 Centre For Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), New Delhi, Indi https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/copyright-transfer-form Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived CLAWS Journal; Vol. 12 No. 1 (2019): Summer 2019; 123-137 2319-5177 Subject The topic of the resource India defence industry Ordnance Factory Board defence manufacturing Title A name given to the resource An Overview of Indian Defence Industry: A Transformative Perspective Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource CLAWS Journal Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Centre for Land Warfare Studies, New Delhi, India Language A language of the resource English Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Chander, Sushil Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2019-06-30 Description An account of the resource The Industrial Policy Resolution of 1956, under Schedule A, reserved 17 industries including arms and ammunition for the public sector. Accordingly, the defence sector remained solely the domain of defence Public Sector Undertakings (PSUs), Ordnance Factory Board (OFB), and Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) till 2001. However, the country had to resort to the import of ammunition for the Bofors artillery guns during the Kargil War from South Africa, amongst others, even though the country already had a large industrial base consisting of nine defence PSUs, 39 Ordnance Factories (OFs) and 52 laboratories of DRDO. The armed forces stared at the perils of dependence on imports during the war. On a positive note, post the Kargil War, the government decided to open the doors to the defence sector to the private industry. Thus, in May 2001, the government permitted 100 per cent participation by the Indian private sector, subject to licensing, with the aim to galvanise the country's defence industrial base for achieving self-reliance and indigenisation. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/article/view/91 Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Centre For Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), New Delhi, India Relation A related resource https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/article/view/91/99 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright (c) 2019 Centre For Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), New Delhi, India https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/copyright-transfer-form Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived CLAWS Journal; Vol. 12 No. 1 (2019): Summer 2019; 100-122 2319-5177 Subject The topic of the resource Public-Private Partnerships Defence Procurement Defence Manufacturing Title A name given to the resource Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) and the Road to Self- Reliance in Defence: A Perspective Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource CLAWS Journal Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Centre for Land Warfare Studies, New Delhi, India Language A language of the resource English Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Chopra, Anil Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2019-06-30 Description An account of the resource The Balakot airstrikes and the air combat thereafter in which a MiG-21 Bison of the Indian Air Force (IAF) had to engage a much more modern F-16 of the Pakistan Air Force (PAF) has once again brought IAF modernisation back into focus. IAF Chief, Air Chief Marshal BS Dhanoa, has said that the IAF has hit an all-time low of 31 fighter squadrons vis-à-vis the government authorised 42.1 He highlighted the convergence of strategic interests between China and Pakistan and their rapidly modernising Air Forces. The IAF, on the other hand, has been slowly losing the combat edge that it had enjoyed over Pakistan in 1971 in terms of both quality and numbers. Technology-intensive airpower requires Faster replacement of assets due to quicker obsolescence. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/article/view/90 Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Centre For Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), New Delhi, India Relation A related resource https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/article/view/90/98 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright (c) 2019 Centre For Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), New Delhi, India https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/copyright-transfer-form Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived CLAWS Journal; Vol. 12 No. 1 (2019): Summer 2019; 86-99 2319-5177 Subject The topic of the resource Indian Air Force Air Power India Title A name given to the resource India and Its Air Power: Transformational Challenges Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource CLAWS Journal Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Centre for Land Warfare Studies, New Delhi, India Language A language of the resource English Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Chakravorty, P.K. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2019-06-30 Description An account of the resource Jointness is a military term, as explained by the Collins Dictionary, which refers to “the cooperation and integration of different branches of the military”. India has the fourth largest military in the world and each operates independently. The cooperation among the three Services is according to the priorities as visualised by each Service, with coordination by the Ministry of Defence (MoD). In April 2017, the three Service Chiefs released the latest Joint Doctrine for the Indian armed forces. It is important to note that the first doctrine was written in 2006 and was a classified version that was not released to the public. The current document has very little depth and would not be able to integrate the various branches of the Indian armed forces. There would be no joint response to a military situation. Currently, there are more than 32 countries with joint Services set-ups. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/article/view/89 Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Centre For Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), New Delhi, India Relation A related resource https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/article/view/89/97 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright (c) 2019 Centre For Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), New Delhi, India https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/copyright-transfer-form Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived CLAWS Journal; Vol. 12 No. 1 (2019): Summer 2019; 77-85 2319-5177 Subject The topic of the resource India Armed Forces Military Joint Operations Title A name given to the resource ‘Jointness' in the Armed Forces: An Assessment Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource CLAWS Journal Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Centre for Land Warfare Studies, New Delhi, India Language A language of the resource English Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rawat, Anuraag Singh Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2019-06-30 Description An account of the resource Armed forces worldwide face an epic challenge in keeping pace with the emerging regional and global threats and the changing battlefield milieu. The global security environment is marked by regional conflicts, asymmetric threats, terrorism, and the rise of fundamentalism, as well as rapid progress in technology. The armed forces of any nation are, thus, constantly trying to evolve, to stay abreast in dealing with the myriad challenges being faced by them. The commonly used parlance for demonstrating the will to meet these challenges is to modernise/transform. However, the terms modernisation and transformation, especially when referring to the armed forces, are often misused, misapplied, and used interchangeably even though they mean different things and have very different connotations. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/article/view/88 Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Centre For Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), New Delhi, India Relation A related resource https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/article/view/88/96 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright (c) 2019 Centre For Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), New Delhi, India https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/copyright-transfer-form Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived CLAWS Journal; Vol. 12 No. 1 (2019): Summer 2019; 66-76 2319-5177 Subject The topic of the resource India Indian Army Modernisation Technology Transformation Title A name given to the resource Modernisation and Transformation in the Armed Forces Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article