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                <text>At Davos in 2016, John Chipman, Director General (DG) and Chief Executive of the International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS) while participating in a discussion on world affairs, stated that the world during the 20th century had lived tactically but in the 21st century, the world will have to learn to live strategically. What does that mean and how is it relevant in understanding the strategic relevance of the Indo-Pacific? The Indo-Pacific region1 as a whole is witnessing major shifts in terms of economics, strategic behaviour, and diplomatic manoeuvring among the major powers. Especially, as each nation competes with the other in order to create its own sphere of influence to exploit the potential of the region as a whole. The creation of a single strategic system in the Indo-Pacific region by combining accelerated economic and security connections becomes the fulcrum between the western Pacific and the Indian Ocean. Will the concept of ‘Indo-Pacific' region help in integrating and uniting the major powers into one single strategic system? NOTE: This paper is adapted from an address at a Round Table Conference on the Indo-Pacific Region: Emerging Geopolitical Scenario at the UGC Centre for Southeast Asian and Pacific Studies, Sri Venkateshwara University, Tirupati, on August 28, 2018.
This paper is adapted from an address at a Round Table Conference on the Indo-Pacific Region: Emerging Geopolitical Scenario at the UGC Centre for Southeast Asian and Pacific Studies, Sri Venkateshwara University, Tirupati, on August 28, 2018.</text>
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                <text>The Nagas of Nagaland could always identify themselves with the Naga identity due to being in a state named after their own collective identity. However, the Naga tribes outside Nagaland, especially those of Manipur and Assam, always had a strong reason to reassert their Naga-ness. The response to the idea of a separate Nagalim has been wide-ranging across the entire region affected by the Naga insurgency. A Framework Agreement was signed between the Government of India and the National Socialist Council of Nagaland (NSCN-IM) on August 03, 2015. The agreement affected four states and approximately 35 Naga and other ethnic tribes inhabiting the traditional Naga areas. The agreement set three crucial parameters for the detailed settlement. First, it recognised that Naga ‘history and situation' was unique. Second, it proposed that sovereign powers would be shared between the Centre and the Nagas through a division of competencies, that is, through renegotiating the Union, State, and Concurrent Lists of competencies of the Indian Constitution. Third, the two sides would strive for a mutually acceptable and peaceful settlement.</text>
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                <text>CLAWS Journal; Vol. 11 No. 2 (2018): Winter 2018; 80-97</text>
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                <text>Today is the age of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. The current period of rapid, simultaneous, and systemic transformations driven by advances in science is reshaping industries, blurring geographical boundaries, challenging existing regulatory frameworks, and even redefining what it means to be human. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the software engine that drives the Fourth Industrial Revolution. AI is creating targeted marketing, safer travel through self-driving cars, smarter weapons, and new efficiencies in manufacturing processes, supply chain management, and agricultural production. It holds the promise of solving some of the most pressing issues facing society but also presents challenges such as inscrutable “black box” algorithms, unethical use of data, and potential job displacement.</text>
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                <text>CLAWS Journal; Vol. 11 No. 2 (2018): Winter 2018; 63-79</text>
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                <text>Oil as a strategic commodity made its mark from the day it was discovered in 1859. We have now become a “Hydrocarbon Society” as Daniel Yergin claims in his book The Prize.1 Climate change, with 97 percent scientific consensus has, however, jolted the status of oil, which the world had taken for granted. Realisation has now dawned on the need to find an alternative for oil because it is the largest emitter of Greenhouse Gases (GHG). Efforts to replace oil with alternative sources have affected energy planning entailing a relook at the energy strategies of nations. Of particular significance is the consumption of energy by air and sea transportation because there is yet no alternative for aviation jet fuel, and ocean shipping, carrying 80 percent of world trade, emits 3 percent of global GHG. In October 2016, 194 countries, including India, signed the Paris Agreement on Climate Change and agreed to make “Nationally Determined Contributions” (NDCs).&amp;amp;nbsp; Reducing the use of crude oil will make countries self-reliant by making do with domestic production. This will shake the world's balance of power. The transition to a post-fossil fuel age should be smooth, without affecting energy security.</text>
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                <text>War is always a messy business. It brings in its wake, a tremendous amount of death, destruction, and devastation. In an idealistic world, one would banish war for good. However, we live in an imperfect world wherein human egos, greed, power, religion, revenge, etc. have a major role to play in shaping the environment. This usher in the inevitability of war as the final arbiter in deciding which way the world should move at a particular point of time in history. We are also aware, of course, that history has a way of repeating itself, thus, underlining the frailty of the human mind in repeatedly falling prey to the same mistakes and not learning much from the past. Warfare is perpetually evolving. From ancient times, when foot soldiers held sway with swords, spears, bows, and arrows, and used forts and obstacles for effective defence, it moved to the use of elephants and horses to provide enhanced mobility and raised platforms for dominating the foot soldier. The introduction of dynamite brought about a revolutionary change in the concept, methodology, conduct, and execution of warfare. A similar effect was created when the tank, followed by the aircraft, entered the battlefield. A study of the two World Wars fought in the 20th century clearly brings out how rapid changes in mobility, lethality, battlefield transparency, and precision affected the very methodology of the conduct of warfare from one to the other, thus, dictating the outcomes. Of course, the use of nuclear weapons at Hiroshima and Nagasaki added a dimension, the consequences of which have threatened the very existence of mankind.</text>
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