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In this article we examine the recent High Court decision in LibertyWorks Inc v Commonwealth of Australia (‘LibertyWorks’). We argue that this decision fails to properly apply the implied freedom of political communication (the ‘implied freedom’) in four principle ways. First, the majority judgments do not properly grapple with the complexities of legislative purpose. The Foreign Influence Transparency Scheme Act 2018 (Cth) (‘FITS Act’) targets foreign influence rather than just covert and corrupt foreign interference, yet the judgements blur this important distinction throughout. If the true legislative purpose of the FITS Act is to increase transparency to prevent foreign influence, this purpose is illegitimate and incompatible with Australia’s representative government, so the FITS Act should fail on this basis. Alternatively, if the true purpose is to increase transparency to prevent foreign interference, that legislative purpose is not served by the scheme, because it is ineffective in achieving its aim. Second, the majority in LibertyWorks do not properly assess the legislative breadth of the FITS Act, including the wide range of actors to which the obligations to register relate. This, we suggest, imposes a broad and, arguably, unbalanced burden on free debate. Third, the majority do not pay sufficient regard to the different tiers of registration, which create not only public, but also private (and therefore unjustified) catalogues of information. Finally, Steward J’s constitutionally conservative (yet paradoxically activist) claim that the implied freedom may not exist appears to invite a future constitutional challenge to the implied freedom. We argue his Honour may be right, but not for the reasons he elucidates. In our view, the implied freedom was essentially non-existent in this case because it was not robustly applied by the High Court.</text>
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                <text>This essay examines the illustrated version of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. The use of stick-figures, it argues, is a verbal-visual discourse that performs the human subject as an anonymous yet identifiably human person. Emphasising the constructed nature of the human, the combination of text and image functions as an instance of ‗expository discourse‘. In the second section of the essay I propose that the UDHR‘s illustrated version uses the aesthetics of ‗figurative realism‘ wherein the representation of the human person as a stick means that we see a figure who stands in for the person. It concludes by arguing that these minimalist representations signal the UDHR‘s foundational nature rather than its simplicity. The UDHR‘s reliance on the drawn line forces attention to the process, the mechanics by which we make human persons, or unmake them.</text>
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                <text>In 2014, the agricultural sanctions Russia imposed on the European Union (EU) had a perceivable impact on the EU’s economy. Yet the sanctions arguably had a disproportionate impact, which suggests they were particularly successful in exposing underlying issues within the EU. Specifically, former Soviet bloc countries and southern European countries were far more greatly impacted by the sanctions than the larger western EU member states. This brings to light problems of disproportionate representation of member states within decision-making processes (especially within the Committee for Agriculture and Rural Development), and the fragility of the EU's internal cohesion. By comparing typical decision-making processes of the EU with its responses during times of crisis, it becomes clear that the EU’s decision-making process and its internal cohesion with regard to economic assistance for former Soviet states, are vulnerable to Russia’s actions. The essay will conclude with recommendations on how to improve EU decision-making during times of crisis to counter this vulnerability.
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                <text>According to to Yuengling: the History of America’s Oldest Brewery, the Pennsylvania Liquor Control Board (PLCB) was designed to, in the words of then-Governor Gifford Pinchot, make liquor sales “as inconvenient and expensive as possible.” The PLCB is the state agency with sole control over the distribution and sale of alcohol in Pennsylvania. State House Republicans agree with Gov. Pinchot and have been arguing that it is time to privatize the PLCB. They charge that the agency is “archaic” and losing money. Supporters of the PLCB argue that privatization would result in higher prices for consumers and the loss of well-paying Pennsylvania jobs. While the PLCB does have some inherent features making it harder to buy alcohol, the best option for the citizens of Pennsylvania is a modernized PLCB.</text>
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                <text>Using mobile devices while driving has been widely shown to pose serious safety risk. Various approaches aim at mitigating the risk of mobile devices while driving. Some initiatives have focused on increasing driversâ?? awareness of such potential risk. Along the same vein, we present a model, and its implementation, for assessing the degree of distraction that drivers experience while using phones during driving. Based on data collected during each driving session, the application gives statistics, such as keypad interaction, number and length of phone calls and the driving speed, to the driver. This should increase the awareness of drivers by helping them understand how much distraction they got involved with during driving and how much hazardous they can be to themselves and to others. Our experiments with drivers demonstrated the potential of the application at highlighting risky behavior, promoting awareness and motivating better driving.</text>
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                <text>Copyright (c) 2017 Ashraf Khalil, Said Elnaffar</text>
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                <text>International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM); Vol. 6 No. 4 (2012); pp. 39-42</text>
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                <text>1865-7923</text>
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                <text>Driver Riskometer</text>
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                <text>Driverâ??s Big Brother: How Smartphones Can Increase Driverâ??s Awareness</text>
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                  <text>International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM)</text>
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                <text>Husni, Emir</text>
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                <text>Problems related to fuel consumption efficiency are likely to occur in a car rental company. A system for the Internet of Things – VISCar to monitor fuel consumption on Android mobile application is proposed to solve the problem. The VISCar has four features, including driving behavior analysis, monitoring, notification, and location and route to the gas station. This system consists of three subsystems: connector, server, and user interface. Car’s engine data is scanned by OBDII and sent via Bluetooth to Raspberry Pi then passed using 3G connection to the server and being stored. The data can be accessed by users through a mobile application via MQTT and processed on server for analysis. The test results show VISCar has been successfully built and implemented to monitor fuel consumption efficiency for the car rental company.</text>
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                <text>https://online-journals.org/index.php/i-jim/article/view/6473/4390</text>
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                <text>Copyright (c) 2017 Emir Husni</text>
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                <text>International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM); Vol. 11 No. 3 (2017); pp. 78-97</text>
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                <text>1865-7923</text>
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                <text>Bluemix</text>
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                <text>Driving and Fuel Consumption Monitoring with Internet of Things</text>
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