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                <text>Digital literacy skills are essential skills for working in a digital society. Therefore, the university emphasizes teaching and finding ways to assess knowledge and prepare students before completing their studies. This research aims to present the conceptual framework for developing an adaptive tutorial system to assist undergraduate students in preparing for the digital literacy exit exam. This system's unique feature is not only the exam for students to practice reviewing their knowledge but also the exam's adaptability to the student's abilities. In addition, this concept is reinforced through gamification by incorporating game elements to motivate, increase the difficulty of competition and make exam preparation enjoyable. Learners are motivated to try harder on the exam. In the conceptual framework evaluation, a questionnaire was used to measure the system's suitability. The system design was evaluated by seven experts who determined that the components and procedures of the tutorial system were appropriate. This system's development is valid and can be applied to creating a tutorial system that enhances digital literacy skills.</text>
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                <text>International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM); Vol. 16 No. 19 (2022); pp. 44-60</text>
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                <text>Chung Tiam Fook, Tanya</text>
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                <text>In the contemporary global political context of stringent conservation policy and low carbon economies, Guyana has positioned itself between two divergent paths of development and identity: 1) its desire to entrench itself as a competitive player in the global economy, and 2) its goal to pursue a more ecologically sustainable model of development. Focusing on Guyana's controversial Low Carbon Development Strategy (LCDS) and its Reduction of Emissions through Deforestation and Degradation (REDD+) framework, this paper critically explores the increasing marketization of forest management and climate change governance and their implications for negotiating Indigenous rights and participation in national and global climate change and conservation policies and debates.</text>
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                <text>Caribbean Journal of International Relations and Diplomacy; Vol. 1 No. 1 (2013)</text>
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                <text>A 'Win- Win' Strategy for All? Guyana's Climate Change Strategies and Implications for Indigenous Communities</text>
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                <text>Between March and December of 2020, more than three dozen states received various types of COVID-19 assistance from Moscow. The Russian government emphasized a humanitarian character of what has become the largest package of emergency aid since Russia’s independence. The Western governments and commentators cautioned that Moscow had strategic and nefarious motives in choosing the recipients of its coronavirus aid. This study theorizes humanitarian aid allocations by authoritarian states and tests theoretical expectations using novel data on Russia’s COVID-19 aid allocations. Far from being driven by humanitarian concerns, Russia has used humanitarian assistance for projecting power on the global stage and supporting diverse political objectives. Moscow’s use of humanitarian aid for geopolitical benefits has not been a critical disruptor in the humanitarian system by itself. However, jointly with other instruments of foreign policy, Russia’s approaches to humanitarianism can be detrimental to the future of the international humanitarian system.</text>
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                <text>Canadian Journal of European and Russian Studies; Vol. 16 No. 1 (2023): Responses to Covid-19 Pandemic Policies ; 1-28</text>
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                <text>A “Good” Samaritan? The Geopolitics of Russia’s Covid-19 Assistance</text>
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                <text>This article reviews mobile assisted second language learning (MASLL) with a bibliometric method. The authors collected data of papers related to MASLL from Web of Science and then analyzed the sources, authors, papers, and conceptual structure. The result suggests that: the effects of technology on learning, vocabulary, personalized learning, learning environment, learner attitudes were popular topics in this field; the attention on themes related to “technology” is fading away and the focus of MASLL research is shifting to themes related to “students”. Most-cited journals, authors, and papers are also presented in this article.</text>
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                <text>Copyright (c) 2022 Yong Chen, Juan Feng</text>
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                <text>International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM); Vol. 16 No. 09 (2022); pp. 175-190</text>
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                <text>1865-7923</text>
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                <text>A Bibliometric Analysis of Mobile Assisted Second Language Learning</text>
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                <text>Resen, Mohammed S.</text>
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                <text>Laftah, Muna M.</text>
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                <text>Video copyright protection is the most generally acknowledged method of preventing data piracy. This paper proposes a blind video copyright protection technique based on the Fast Walsh Hadamard Transform (FWHT), Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT), and Arnold Map. The proposed method chooses only frames with maximum and minimum energy features to host the watermark. It also exploits the advantages of both the fast Walsh Hadamard transform (FWHT) and discrete wavelet transforms (DWT) for watermark embedding. The Arnold map encrypts watermarks before the embedding process and decrypts watermarks after extraction. The results show that the proposed method can achieve a fast embedding time, good transparency, and robustness against various attacks.</text>
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                <text>Copyright (c) 2022 Haider Th.Salim Alrikabi; Mohammed S.  Resen, Muna M.  Laftah</text>
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                <text>International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM); Vol. 16 No. 10 (2022); pp. 163-175</text>
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                <text>1865-7923</text>
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                <text>A Blind Video Copyright Protection Technique in Maximum and Minimum Energy Frames Based on The Fast Walsh Hadamard Transform (FWHT) and Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) and Arnold Map</text>
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                <text>This paper presents a systematic approach for designing a C++ app for demonstrating sorting algorithms on smartphones and tablets. It is part of an on-going project on the usages of new technologies in education. The general properties of mobile platforms are discussed together with details specific to demonstrating sorting algorithms. The implementation of Insertion Sort is given as an example. The obtained results (e.g. design rules and algorithms) have been tested within a prototype application.</text>
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                <text>https://online-journals.org/index.php/i-jim/article/view/3464</text>
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                <text>International Association of Online Engineering (IAOE), Vienna, Austria</text>
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                <text>https://online-journals.org/index.php/i-jim/article/view/3464/2940</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="21346">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2017 Robert Meolic, Tomaž Dogša</text>
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                <text>International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM); Vol. 8 No. 1 (2014); pp. 40-45</text>
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                <text>1865-7923</text>
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                <text>usability</text>
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                <text>A C++ App for Demonstration of Sorting Algorithms on Mobile Platforms</text>
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                  <text>International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM)</text>
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                <text>Shraim, Khitam Yousuf</text>
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                <text>The proliferation of increasingly interactive e-reader devices such as the Amazon Kindle represents an opportunity to explore their evolving pedagogical value. This study aims to investigate how use of the Kindle can enhance individuals’ English language learning—more specifically their attitudes, reading comprehension, vocabulary development and pronunciation performance—in the context of informal and lifelong learning in Palestine, and to explore the further potential of scaling up the use of e-readers at a national level. At the piloting stage of this initiative, the study operated at two levels (micro and meso) of the M3 evaluation framework. Mixed methods were used: qualitative data were obtained through a case study of the practices and perceptions of two teachers in two classrooms in the Qalqilia center and quantitative data were collected through a survey of 114 learners. The study shows that the Kindle’s technological affordances are effective in creating a flexible, authentic and interactive environment for English language learning, provided that teachers change their teaching methods to take full advantage of the features of mobile technologies to create innovative learning approaches aligned with the needs of the e-generation. It was also found that despite some concerns with the usability issue, attitudes towards learning English changed positively and learners’ vocabulary and pronunciation improved.</text>
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                <text>International Association of Online Engineering (IAOE), Vienna, Austria</text>
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                <text>Copyright (c) 2017 Khitam Yousuf Shraim</text>
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                <text>International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM); Vol. 8 No. 3 (2014); pp. 25-31</text>
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                <text>1865-7923</text>
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                <text>e-Reader devices</text>
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                <text>A Case Study of Mobile Technology-enabled English Language Learning: the Amazon Kindle e-Reader Initiative in Palestine</text>
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