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                <text>Indiana International &amp; Comparative Law Review; Vol. 13 No. 3 (2003); 787-824</text>
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                <text>2169-3226</text>
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                <text>Executive Excess v. Judicial Process: American Judicial Response to the Government's War on Terror</text>
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                <text>The Leuna chemical plant in Eastern Germany was initially developed during the First World War to produce artificial nitrogen for use in explosives. The world’s first production of synthetic fuel from brown coal commenced at Leuna in 1927. From 1933 the Nazi government began to prepare for war and heavily expanded the Leuna complex to ensure that Germany had sufficient resources of fuel, nitrogen and rubber to support short campaigns. The synthetic fuel production technology developed in Leuna was also transferred to thirteen other sites in Greater Germany.
&amp;nbsp;
Commencing on 12 May 1944 the USAAF, and later the RAF, undertook a sustained bombing campaign against Leuna and the other synthetic fuel plants. However, due to the critical importance of Leuna to the war effort, the German state devoted significant resources to the defence of the plant, and to its repair and the maintenance of production. The USAAF and RAF attacked Leuna on 21 subsequent occasions until production finally ceased in March 1945. This sustained bombing ultimately overcame the Leuna workforce’s ability to repair the utilities but did not seriously damage the core production equipment. This paper uses German, American and British archival sources to explore in detail the nature and impact of the air campaign against Leuna and to examine and explain the ways in which the Germans sought, with some success, to keep the plant operational. In addressing the bombing campaign from an alternative perspective, primarily from the ground looking up, the paper offers new insight into a topic most commonly viewed from the perspective of the Allied forces.</text>
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                <text>Journal Of Military History and Defence Studies; Vol. 4 No. 1 (2023): Journal of Military History and Defence Studies; 115-160</text>
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                <text>The United States Army Air Force Bombing Campaign Against the Leuna Synthetic Fuel Plant in 1944-45 and the German Response.</text>
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                <text>Australia introduced its first espionage offence in 1914. This was repealed in 2002 and&amp;nbsp;replaced with four new offences. Just 16 years later, these offences have again been the&amp;nbsp;subject of legislative change; in June 2018, they were repealed and replaced with 27&amp;nbsp;new offences. Justifications for the introduction of both the 2002 and 2018 offences&amp;nbsp;were on the grounds that existing offences (relevantly the original 1914 offence or the&amp;nbsp;2002 offenses) failed to capture modern espionage practices, deter espionage activity&amp;nbsp;and secure convictions. Examination of the original and 2002 offences demonstrated&amp;nbsp;that, in these respects, those offences failed to address espionage used today. The 2018&amp;nbsp;offences, however, remedy that failure and are therefore necessary to effectively&amp;nbsp;address espionage used in today’s world. Despite this, the broad nature of conduct&amp;nbsp;criminalised by some of the offences raises concerns over criminalisation of conduct&amp;nbsp;that may have an innocent explanation. Further concerns arise over the number and&amp;nbsp;overlapping nature of the new offences. Discussion of these issues may provide useful&amp;nbsp;insights for movements toward law reform in the United Kingdom and other Five Eyes&amp;nbsp;nations.</text>
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                <text>The University of Queensland School of Law</text>
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                <text>The University of Queensland Law Journal; Vol. 38 No. 1 (2019): The University of Queensland Law Journal; 125-162</text>
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                <text>Australia's New Espionage Laws: Another Case of Hyper-Legislation and Over-Criminalisation</text>
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                <text>Indiana International &amp; Comparative Law Review; Vol. 19 No. 3 (2009); 529-552</text>
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                <text>The Irish Defence Forces Leadership Doctrine emphasises the need for lifelong study and experiential learning, and the Defence Forces have considerable experience in managing oral history projects, including the Bureau of Military History and the Military Archives Oral History Projects. However, Irish doctrine does not outline any formal method to capture these experiences as a leadership development tool or to enhance organisational memory. The aim of this paper is to examine the value of utilising oral history for leadership development and organisational memory. It demonstrates that there is a risk to organisational memory unless a formal methodology is in place to capture the experiences of Defence Forces members and connected personnel. The use of tacit knowledge, which has facilitated the handover of information to date, is not sufficient nor is the written record alone. This paper shows that a combination of multiple primary sources, including the written record and oral history, provides an opportunity to enhance leadership development. It also demonstrates that the use of oral history provides an opportunity to capture the social and human aspect of Defence Forces activities to not only enhance organisational memory but to understand the context within which decisions were made.
Please note that the views expressed in this article are those of the author alone and should not be taken to represent the views of the Irish Defence Forces, the Command and Staff School or any other group or organisation.</text>
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                <text>Oral History: Utilising the Experience of Others</text>
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                <text>Mobile Access to the Law in Africa: Developing an eGrey Book for the Seychelles</text>
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                <text>The accession of Austria, Finland and Sweden to the European Union (EU) is assessed from the perspective of market integration in key agricultural sectors. An empirical investigation is conducted using monthly data for two periods: from 1975:01-1994:12 (the pre-EU period) and 1995:01-2004:12 (post-EU period). The existence of market integration both within the countries and within the EU is tested using time-series methods. A long-run equilibrium between prices for the same good in different markets does not exclude the possibility of short-run deviations in the individual data, so part of this analysis consists of estimating an econometric model (error correction) to uncover long-run effects of price deviations. Only a subset of agricultural prices moves together after EU integration.
&amp;nbsp;
&amp;nbsp;
Full text available at: https://doi.org/10.22215/rera.v2i1.164</text>
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                <text>Artha Journal of Social Sciences; Vol. 6 No. 2 (2007): Artha Journal of Social Sciences; 33 - 37</text>
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