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                <text>Sorial, Sarah</text>
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In this article we examine the recent High Court decision in LibertyWorks Inc v Commonwealth of Australia (‘LibertyWorks’). We argue that this decision fails to properly apply the implied freedom of political communication (the ‘implied freedom’) in four principle ways. First, the majority judgments do not properly grapple with the complexities of legislative purpose. The Foreign Influence Transparency Scheme Act 2018 (Cth) (‘FITS Act’) targets foreign influence rather than just covert and corrupt foreign interference, yet the judgements blur this important distinction throughout. If the true legislative purpose of the FITS Act is to increase transparency to prevent foreign influence, this purpose is illegitimate and incompatible with Australia’s representative government, so the FITS Act should fail on this basis. Alternatively, if the true purpose is to increase transparency to prevent foreign interference, that legislative purpose is not served by the scheme, because it is ineffective in achieving its aim. Second, the majority in LibertyWorks do not properly assess the legislative breadth of the FITS Act, including the wide range of actors to which the obligations to register relate. This, we suggest, imposes a broad and, arguably, unbalanced burden on free debate. Third, the majority do not pay sufficient regard to the different tiers of registration, which create not only public, but also private (and therefore unjustified) catalogues of information. Finally, Steward J’s constitutionally conservative (yet paradoxically activist) claim that the implied freedom may not exist appears to invite a future constitutional challenge to the implied freedom. We argue his Honour may be right, but not for the reasons he elucidates. In our view, the implied freedom was essentially non-existent in this case because it was not robustly applied by the High Court.</text>
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                <text>Does it Exist? LibertyWorks and Australia’s Shrinking Implied Freedom of Political Communication</text>
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                <text>Morrison, Ian</text>
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                <text>In recent years the nature of secularism and the rights of religious minorities have come to the fore as issues in debates concerning citizenship, multiculturalism and immigration, both in Canada and the European Union. Unlike earlier campaigns of secularization, these recent discourses of secularisation concern not only the institutional separation of Church and State but seek to protect modern secular society from the perceived threat of various externally rooted religious threats through the secularisation of subjects within public spaces. In an attempt to more fully understand this new form of secularisation, the consequences it has had and the debates it has generated in both Canada and the EU, the proposed paper will proceed on four fronts. First, it will outline the earlier discourses and practices of secularisation. Second, the article will posit that we are presently witnessing a different discourse of secularisation, one that is distinct from this earlier form. Third, the article will offer a critique of both discourses, arguing that both involve the deployment of essentialised conceptions of the religious, the secular, and their interaction. Fourth, an alternative approach will be offered, one that seeks to denaturalise the aforementioned categories. The article argues that it is only in this manner that a space and possibility for genuine dialogue concerning secularism and religious pluralism in Canada and the EU can be created.
&amp;nbsp;
Full ext available at: https://doi.org/10.22215/rera.v4i2.197</text>
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                <text>Centre for European Studies, Carleton University</text>
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                <text>Canadian Journal of European and Russian Studies; 2008: RERA V4:2 Summer 2008 (backfile abstracts)</text>
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                <text>Rethinking the ‘Problem’ of Religious Pluralism in Canada and the European Union</text>
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                <text>Documents are critical in native title litigation. This article explores the different methods of, and common problems encountered when, accessing such documents. By examining recent decisions dealing with the ‘Hearne v Street obligation’, non-party access requests, and legal professional privilege, this paper explores how the Court has grappled with the translation of general principles of practice to the unique context of native title litigation. It observes the Court has refused to create special native title rules, but rather has pragmatically applied general principles to native title matters on a case-by-case basis. Accordingly, close attention to these judicial developments is necessary, lest the interests of one’s clients, or of First Nations persons, be adversely affected by inappropriate document disclosure.&amp;nbsp;</text>
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                <text>Copyright (c) 2022 The University of Queensland Law Journal</text>
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                <text>The University of Queensland Law Journal; Vol. 41 No. 2 (2022): The University of Queensland Law Journal</text>
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                <text>Access to Anthropological Evidence and Documents Created in Native Title Litigation</text>
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                <text>Mostakhdemin-Hosseini, Ali</text>
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                <text>Abstract- Mobile usability is not one-dimensional property of user interface, it has many components and attributes [1]  The most attributes associated with the mobile usability are as following: Satisfaction, Efficiency, Learnability, Lack of Errors, and Memorability
The assessment and importance of the usability attributes varies based on the application and the type of the users. For the expert usersâ?? lack of errors, reliability and efficiency are important and for the novice users beside mentioned factors the adjustability, learnability and memorability are essentials factors.  This paper reveals different usability considerations for mobile learning system with approparte guidelines.</text>
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                <text>International Association of Online Engineering (IAOE), Vienna, Austria</text>
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                <text>https://online-journals.org/index.php/i-jim/article/view/854/974</text>
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                <text>Copyright (c) 2017 Ali Mostakhdemin-Hosseini</text>
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                <text>International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM); Vol. 3 (2009): Special Issue IMCL2009; pp. 29-31</text>
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                <text>1865-7923</text>
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                <text>Usability</text>
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                <text>Mobile Learning Content and Mobile Devices</text>
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                <text>Usability Considerations of Mobile Learning Applications</text>
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                <text>ABSTRACT- Unlike the traditional classroom based learning where the learning happened on the specific time and place. In mobile learning the learning is not depended to any designated time and place. Learning through mobile device requires extensive design and pedagogical considerations. The traditional teaching pedagogy theories are not suitable for mobile learning since the main assumptions on teaching are in the classroom. There have already been some initiatives for defining distinct pedagogical theories for mobile learning. The main focuses of the mobile learning pedagogical consideration must be directed to content of the learning materials and the context where the learning occurs.</text>
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                <text>Copyright (c) 2017 Ali Mostakhdemin-Hosseini</text>
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                <text>International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM); Vol. 3 No. 4 (2009); pp. 33-34</text>
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                <text>1865-7923</text>
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                <text>The aim of this paper is to present a remote experience on light emitting diodes programmed in practical works of optoelectronic devices available online course of electronic department of University Constantine 1 (UC1). This course is one of three online courses proposed among contributions of UC1 in e-Sience Tempus project. 
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                <text>International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM); Vol. 9 No. 2 (2015); pp. 17-21</text>
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                <text>Implementation of Online Optoelectronic Devices Course and Remote Experiments in UC1 iLab</text>
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                <text>Sadomasochism has traditionally been categorised as a deviant sexual desire, painted with the same brush of immorality that was applied to homosexuality and transvestism for decades. It has been denounced, not only by society, but also by the medical profession and the judiciary. In R v Brown, the House of Lords highlighted society’s revulsion for such practices and refused, as an issue of public policy, to allow consent to be raised as a defence by those who engage in such activities. In the 22 years since the decision, however, the weight placed on the protection of our bodily autonomy and freedom of sexual expression has significantly increased. The applicability of R v Brown in light of these changes is yet to be considered in Australia with any binding authority. This article seeks to provide readers with an insight into the likely outcome of an attempt to prosecute those who, in 2015, engage in sadomasochism. Ultimately, this article concludes that as a result of s 22 of the Criminal Law Consolidation Act 1935 (SA), construed in light of the increased value placed on protecting bodily autonomy, sexual self-determination and the preservation of privacy, a South Australian court, and to a lesser extent, all Australian courts, would recognise the consent of those who sustain harm in the pursuit of pain-induced pleasure.</text>
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                <text>University of South Australia Law Review; Vol. 1 (2015): UniSA Student Law Review</text>
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                <text>IS SOCIETY STILL SHACKLED WITH THE CHAINS  OF A 1993 ENGLAND?: CONSENT, SADO-MASOCHISM AND R V BROWN</text>
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                <text>Pradani, Nevia</text>
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                <text>In electrolysis cell chemistry learning material students still experience Difficulties related to chemical material roomates characteristics include three levels of representation macroscopic, submicroscopic, and symbolic. Therefore, the chemistry should be taught by inquiry strategies must be supported a program that is Able to visualize particulate material aspects in an electrolytic cell, such as Augmented Reality. The purpose of this study was to produce guided inquiry-based teaching materials assisted by Augmented Reality on the topic of electrolysis cells. . The development of teaching materials is Carried out in three stages namely (1) analysis phase, (2) design phase, and (3) development stage. Teaching materials are validated by three expert validator. The results of the validation Obtained a percentage of 87. 6% for aspects of the assessment in terms of media, 86.1% for aspects of the assessment in terms of material and 87.4% for the readability test. This indicate that the chemistry teaching material that has been developed is included in the very feasible category so that it can be used as a support in learning activities electrolysis cell material</text>
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                <text>International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM); Vol. 14 No. 12 (2020); pp. 4-15</text>
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                <text>1865-7923</text>
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                <text>Abstract— This study aims to reveal students' profile of digital ethics in Surakarta City, Indonesia. Current technological trends generate significant implications for the technological digitalizations to all parts of human lives. Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is increasingly integrated in society. This condition at least triggers the emergence of an era of disruption due to changes in the order and lifestyle of the younger generation who prefer the use of various digital technologies in their daily life activities. In recent years, a lot of discussion about the risks and opportunities of digital technology on teenagers have been many found. From several studies conclude that the highest students' communication activities have been majorly done through online. Internet at risk use engages students’ live activities, among others, expressing personal data, bullying, hoaxes, and hate speech to accessing the pornographic contents. Digital ethics is one of the components in digital citizenship from which the users must adhere to. Netiquette, a hybrid word combining "network" and "etiquette," essentially referring to the social code of the Internet. As netiquette includes how we communicate, treat others, describe and protect ourselves online related to ethical issues. This study was designed with a quantitative-descriptive research model that applies the survey method. The survey was conducted in three schools, each of which was the high school, the state vocational school and private vocational high school in the Surakarta residency area. The study subjects involved as many as 210 students, from ages 15 to 17 years participating in the survey. The questionnaire consisted of 16 statements applying Likert's point of scale one to five. The results showed that students’ digital ethics with having less category had the highest percentage of 35.23%. While those with enough category reached 32.85% and those with good category was 31.90%. One of the effective ways to strengthening students' digital ethics can be realized through humanistic literacy which is integrated into Civics Education subject at schools.</text>
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                <text>Copyright (c) 2020 Muhammad Imran Qureshi, Dewi Ika Sari, Triana Rejekiningsih, Moh. Muchtarom</text>
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                <text>International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM); Vol. 14 No. 03 (2020); pp. 82-94</text>
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                <text>Abstract— This study aims to reveal students' profile of digital ethics in Su-rakarta City</text>
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                <text>Indonesia. Current technological trends generate significant implica-tions for the technological digitalizations to all parts of human lives. Information and Commu</text>
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                <text>Students' Digital Ethics Profile in the Era of Disruption:  An Overview from the Internet Use at Risk in Surakarta City, Indonesia</text>
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                <text>Indiana International &amp; Comparative Law Review; Vol. 10 No. 1 (1999); 35-50</text>
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