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                <text>Saurabh</text>
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                <text>Sudhir, Dakshina</text>
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                <text>Humankind has been haunted and tormented by diseases that have taken a toll on hundreds of thousands of people all over the world. Deadly diseases like plague, tuberculosis, smallpox, and many others of the kind have claimed many human lives over the centuries. Nonetheless, in this era of globalization, a disease spread by a virus has taken the world by storm as a pandemic. The different waves of the pandemic have brought the world to its knees as a novel coronavirus called the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been found responsible for Covid-19. The virus changed the lives of millions across the globe as it spread to many countries by late 2019 and early 2020. The countries adopted several steps to control and contain the spread of the virus with the limited knowledge they had of the disease. The prime mode of transmission of the virus was understood to be through touch and not by air at the time (though it has now been proved to be an airborne infection). As the virus continued to mark its presence in most of the world by March 2020, most countries resorted to immediate non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) such as closing down national borders, lockdowns, self-restraint, social distancing, sanitization, and so on that were implemented at various stages depending on the gravity and intensity of the spread of the virus and the demographics of the countries. The stage, process and effectiveness of implementation for all the countries depended on the structure of its political administration and the power vested in the respective authorities.To understand how the effects of the pandemic differs to various regions of the world depending on the kind of governmental structure, culture, demographics, peoples’ responses, and infrastructure, the paper explores and analyses the responses, strategies, and policies by the countries of specific regions. Japan from Northeast Asia, Vietnam from Southeast Asia, Sweden from Scandinavia, and Brazil from Latin America, are analysed with the available resources to understand why they stand as an exception in their respective regions.</text>
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                <text>Copyright (c) 2021 Artha Journal of Social Sciences</text>
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                <text>Artha Journal of Social Sciences; Vol. 20 No. 3 (2021): Artha Journal of Social Sciences; 35-70</text>
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                <text>Covid-19</text>
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                <text>Covid-19: International Responses and Strategies. A Comparative Study of Japan, Sweden, Brazil, and Vietnam</text>
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                <text>The aim of this article is to present the situation and the financial condition of the euro area and to orientate itself towards the future. The eurozone crisis is the greatest challenge for the entire euro area but also for the European Union as such. Its bad financial situation and the related stagnation force us to reflect and take corrective measures. Failure to draw conclusions generates further problems and disintegrates the entire euro area.</text>
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                <text>Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie sytuacji oraz kondycji finansowej strefy euro i próba zorientowania się w tym względzie na przyszłość. Kryzys strefy euro to największe wyzwanie dla całego Eurolandu, ale i Unii Europejskiej. Zła sytuacja finansowa i stagnacja z nią związana zmuszają do refleksji i podjęcia działań naprawczych. Nie wyciągnięcie wniosków generuje problemy i dezintegruje całą strefę euro. W artykule zostaną postawione: hipotezy, tezy oraz pytania badawcze.</text>
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                <text>https://czasopisma.uni.lodz.pl/international/article/view/14026</text>
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                <text>International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal; Vol. 27 No. 1 (2021): Humankind in the Past, the Present and the Future; 257-268</text>
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                <text>International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal; Tom 27 Nr 1 (2021): Człowiek w przeszłości, teraźniejszości i przyszłości; 257-268</text>
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                <text>Eurozone</text>
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                <text>A Single Currency as a Remedy in the Eurozone’ Preparedness for the Economic Crisis and the Smooth Functioning of the Euro Area?</text>
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                <text>Wspólna waluta jako remedium w przygotowaniu państw Eurolandu na kryzys gospodarczy i sprawne funkcjonowanie strefy euro?</text>
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                <text>Sawhney, Rashmi</text>
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                <text>Written as a reflective account emerging from the process of reviewing and revamping an MA in English and Cultural Studies at CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, in the year 2018-19, this essay takes the form of a tapestry woven out of four separate but related inquiries. Section I reflects upon the experience of having taught introductory courses in Cultural Studies (Henceforth CS) in India and Ireland separated by a gap of 15 years, and germane questions of cultural specificity and curricula. Section II provies an overview of the available narratives of CS within India, focusing on the distinctive approach taken in each account. Section III looks at the relationship between CS, Postcolonial Studies (henceforth PS) and Subaltern Studies (henceforth SS), as they developed in play with one another in 1980s England and America. And Section IV comments on some wider institutional and creative practices of relevance, and the implications these hold for possible future directions of CS. In totality, the article attempts to assess what transformative work it might be possible to do through CS in the future.</text>
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                <text>Artha Journal of Social Sciences; Vol. 18 No. 3 (2019): Artha Journal of Social Sciences; 25-42</text>
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                <text>Decolonising Cultural Studies</text>
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                  <text>School of International Relations, President University, Indonesia</text>
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                <text>Bacha Posh is a Dari term which literary means “girls dressed as boys. Girls who were born in a family without son must disguise themselves as boys under social or economic pressure. This arrangement end when the girl reaches puberty as she has to turn back to her birth gender and get married. This article underlines incongruence between international discourse and cultural discourse on girl child. International community often depicts girl child as helpless population with very limited capacity and agency. Bacha Posh is proving just the opposite. They serve as a portrayal of Afghan girls who cleverly resisting the rigid societal norms in the fragile country where having sons equal security. Through the lives of the bacha posh, this article wishes to unveil what it means to be girls in the post-war Afghanistan where the international community has persistently been trying to teach Afghans about gender and human rights.</text>
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                <text>AEGIS : Journal of International Relations; Vol 2, No 1 (2017): September 2017 - February 2018</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="14629">
                <text>2548-4532</text>
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                <text>2541-1373</text>
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                <text>Cultural and International Dissonance on Girls Empowerment: the Case of Afghanistan’s Female Son</text>
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                  <text>National University of Ireland, Maynooth</text>
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                <text>The article seeks to reassess certain key decisions by the leadership of the Greek Field Army of Asia Minor (FAAM) in connection with the battle of the Sakarya River (23 August to 14 September 1921), at which the FAAM reached the high water mark of its campaign against the Turkish Nationalist forces during the Greco-Turkish War of 1919 – 1922.&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; The article focuses on the Greek decisions (i) to exploit their victory at&amp;nbsp; Eskişehir in July 1921 by crossing the Sakarya river and attempting to capture the Nationalist capital of Ankara, (ii) to attack the Nationalist forces arrayed behind the Sakarya river by way of an envelopment of their southern flank rather than a direct assault and (iii) to abandon the offensive and withdraw on 11-13 September 1921.&amp;nbsp; The article argues that the historiography of the campaign, particularly in English, has tended to be overly critical of the first of the above decisions and insufficiently critical of the latter two.&amp;nbsp; It concludes that (i) there were compelling reasons for the FAAM to make a determined attempt to capture Ankara despite the challenges and risks of doing so, (ii) the plan of battle was overly complex and risky from a tactical and a logistical standpoint whilst a direct assault across the river might have been more effective and involved less risk, and (iii) the withdrawal may have been premature.&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; While it has been argued that the Sakarya river campaign is a classic illustration of Clausewitz’s concept of a ‘culminating point’,&amp;nbsp; at which an offensive pushed too far yields the advantage to the defender, the article argues that it has just as much to teach about Clausewitz’s countervailing principle of ‘continuity’, which holds that an insufficiently aggressive follow up of an initial victory can lead to unnecessary defeat.
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                <text>http://ojs.maynoothuniversity.ie/ojs/index.php/jmhds/article/view/69</text>
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                <text>10.33232/JMHDS.3.1.69</text>
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            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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                <text>Journal Of Military History and Defence Studies; Vol. 3 No. 1 (2022): Journal of Military History and Defence Studies; 40-76</text>
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                <text>2712-0171</text>
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                <text>Culminating Point</text>
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                <text>Principle of Continuity</text>
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                <text>Greek Decision-Making and the Battle of the Sakarya River, 1921: Towards a New Assessment?</text>
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                  <text>The University of Queensland Law Journal</text>
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                <text>Schaffer, Jessica</text>
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                <text>In light of repeated denials and obstruction of relief efforts by belligerent states, particularly when directed towards non-state armed groups designated as terrorist groups or justified as a legitimate response to the COVID-19 pandemic, this article provides a comprehensive analysis of the international legal position regarding the provision of humanitarian assistance in non-international armed conflicts. The article argues that although a general right of access has not crystalised, relief operations into territory under the effective control of a non-state armed group without state consent may be permissible with Security Council authorisation or otherwise, in appropriate circumstances, under the rules of state responsibility. More broadly, belligerent parties must abide by their legal obligations to ensure that the needs of civilians are met.</text>
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                <text>https://journal.law.uq.edu.au/index.php/uqlj/article/view/5645</text>
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                <text>The University of Queensland School of Law</text>
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                <text>https://journal.law.uq.edu.au/index.php/uqlj/article/view/5645/4637</text>
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                <text>Copyright (c) 2021 The University of Queensland Law Journal</text>
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                <text>The University of Queensland Law Journal; Vol. 40 No. 1 (2021): The University of Queensland Law Journal; 67-89</text>
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                <text>1839-289X</text>
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                <text>0083-4041</text>
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                <text>10.38127/uqlj.v40i1</text>
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                <text>State Consent to the Provision of Humanitarian Assistance in Non-International Armed Conflicts</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="61463">
                <text>Schiff, Damien M.</text>
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                <text>https://journals.iupui.edu/index.php/iiclr/article/view/17788</text>
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                <text>10.18060/17788</text>
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                <text>Indiana University Robert H. McKinney School of Law</text>
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                <text>Indiana International &amp; Comparative Law Review; Vol. 14 No. 1 (2003); 117-174</text>
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                <text>2169-3226</text>
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                <text>Rollin', Rollin', Rollin' on the River: A Story of Drought, Treaty Interpretation, and Other Rio Grande Problems</text>
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                <text>President Donald Trump ran to be president of the United States on a platform rife with statements denouncing the credibility of anthropogenic — man-made — climate change. In a separate, but equally important, vein, President Trump also expressed a commitment to ensure the security of US citizens both domestically and abroad. Today, however, it’s difficult to address national security effectively without simultaneously addressing global climate change. The two issues are intimately interwoven, and ignoring one issue will compromise the success of solving the other.</text>
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                <text>The Sahel region currently faces various social, political, security, and environmental issues. However, the scientific and media discourse tends to oversimplify the underlying causes of these issues. While some authors attribute them to the heavy impact of climate change-induced scarcity, others focus on political factors such as bad governance. This article aims to merge the perspectives of Environmental Security and Political Ecology into one framework to provide a more holistic explanation of the problems in the Sahel. It shows how local political inequalities, marginalization, economic problems, military coups, corruption, and climate change mutually intersect in a mechanism that creates conflicts and insecurity. This is exacerbated by the geographical character of the Sahel states and their type of governance, which provides an operational space for many armed groups. By understanding the intersection of these conditions, the article contributes to the empirical understanding of the mechanism of conflicts in the Sahel and better conceptualizes the relationship between scarcity, climate change, and conflict.</text>
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