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                <text>Al Issa, Huthaifa A.</text>
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                <text>Khraisat, Yahyakhr S. H.</text>
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                <text>in this paper we designed microstrip patch antenna by using metamaterial to improve antenna bandwidth. We inserted Complementary Split Ring Resonator (CSRR) structure between the ground and patch in the substrate. We compared our design with the conventional microstrip patch antenna in point of bandwidth. We obtained bandwidth improvement by 800MHz. Simulation was obtained by using HFSS simulator</text>
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                <text>Copyright (c) 2020 Yahyakhr Khraisat</text>
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                <text>International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM); Vol. 14 No. 01 (2020); pp. 169-175</text>
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                <text>1865-7923</text>
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                <text>Microstrip Patch Antenna</text>
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                <text>Complementary Split Ring Resonator</text>
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                <text>Bandwidth Enhancement of Microstrip Patch Antenna by Using Metamaterial</text>
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                <text>Karkar, AbdelGhani</text>
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                <text>Al Ja’am, Jihad</text>
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                <text>Smart devices applications can assist young children in improving their learning capabilities and comprehension skills. However most of learning applications are built without taking into consideration the effective needs and background of Arab users. They are somehow incompatible with their local environment and culture. We propose in this paper a mobile-based educational system that displays illustrations automatically to characterize the content of children’ stories on animal domain, and we use some intelligent technique to answer users’ questions using an educational ontology. The generation of illustrations passes through different phases which include text processing, extraction of word-to-word relationships, building and accessing an ontology, and using Internet search engines for retrieval of complimentary information. The system can be used also by instructors to teach the children in a non-conventional manner. They can customize semantically the structure of the questions and determine how the answers will be displayed. In order to customize questions and answers, we have defined a semantic infrastructure to define the logic of terms, and the workflow of answers. The aim of our system is to improve the children educational skills to grasp vocabulary and grammar using multimedia with a portable smart device which includes observation, comprehension, realization, and deduction. Children will then be able to continue learning outside the limited time of their schools and from any location.</text>
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                <text>https://online-journals.org/index.php/i-jim/article/view/6011</text>
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                <text>International Association of Online Engineering (IAOE), Vienna, Austria</text>
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                <text>Copyright (c) 2017 AbdelGhani Karkar, Jihad Al Ja’am</text>
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                <text>International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM); Vol. 10 No. 4 (2016); pp. 48-56</text>
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                <text>1865-7923</text>
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                <text>Mobile Learning</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="23959">
                <text>Question Answering</text>
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                <text>Educational Ontology</text>
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                <text>Multimedia</text>
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                <text>Education.</text>
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                <text>An Educational Ontology-based M-Learning System</text>
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                <text>al khateeb, Mohammad Ahmad</text>
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                <text>Alduwairi, Ahmed Mohammad</text>
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                <text>2020-11-10</text>
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                <text>This study aims to investigate the effect of slow-motion videos use on the 8th graders' achievement in geometry, and identify the students' views about the slow-motion. The study was carried out in a quasi experimental environment on 74 eighth graders of two different classes. One of the classes was designated as the experimental group (n=38). The other class (n=36) were designated as the control group,. The results showed that the achievement level of the students who attended the geometry lessons using the slow-motion mode was higher than those who attended the traditional method lessons. Furthermore, the results showed that the experimental group students found that learning through slow-motion was: information, Easy understandable, Beneficial, instructive, Stimulating, enjoyable, Very creative .</text>
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                <text>https://online-journals.org/index.php/i-jim/article/view/12985</text>
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                <text>International Association of Online Engineering (IAOE), Vienna, Austria</text>
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                <text>https://online-journals.org/index.php/i-jim/article/view/12985/8127</text>
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          <element elementId="47">
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              <elementText elementTextId="33865">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2020 mohammad Ahmad alkhateeb, Ahmed Mohammad Alduwairi</text>
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                <text>International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM); Vol. 14 No. 18 (2020); pp. 57-67</text>
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                <text>1865-7923</text>
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                <text>Bruner Model</text>
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                <text>Geometry</text>
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                <text>Lesh Model</text>
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                <text>Mathematical Achievement</text>
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                <text>Mobile devices</text>
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                <text>Slow-motion</text>
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                <text>Effect of Teaching Geometry by Slow-Motion Videos on the 8th Graders' Achievement</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="31141">
                <text>Al Kurdi, Barween</text>
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                <text>Alshurideh, Muhammad</text>
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                <text>Salloum, Said A.</text>
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                <text>Obeidat, Zaid Mohammad</text>
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                <text>Al-dweeri, Rami Mohammad</text>
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                <text>2020-02-10</text>
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                <text>There are several reasons why most of the universities implement E-learning. The extent of E-learning programs is being offered by the higher educational institutes in the UAE are evidently expanding. However, very few studies have been carried out to validate the process of how E-learning is being accepted and employed by university students. The study involved a sample of 365 university students. To describe the acceptance process, the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) method was used. On the basis of the technology acceptance model (TAM), the standard structural model that involved E-learning Computer Self-Efficacy, Social Influence, Enjoyment, System Interactivity, Computer Anxiety, Technical support, Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, Attitude, and Behavioral Intention to Use e-learning, was developed. The findings showed that TAM served as a suitable theoretical tool to comprehend the acceptance of e-learning by users. The most critical construct to explain the causal process employed in the model was E-learning Computer Self-Efficacy, Social Influence, Enjoyment, System Interactivity, Computer Anxiety, Technical support, Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, Attitude, followed by Behavioral Intention to Use e-learning. Practical implications are offered by the outcomes for decision makers, professionals and developers in how effective E-learning systems can be implemented properly.</text>
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                <text>Copyright (c) 2020 Said A. Salloum</text>
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                <text>International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM); Vol. 14 No. 02 (2020); pp. 19-41</text>
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                <text>An Empirical Investigation into Examination of Factors Influencing University Students’ Behavior towards Elearning Acceptance Using SEM Approach</text>
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                <text>The aim of this study was to investigate the students' attitudes in the colleges of education at the Jordanian universities toward the use of mobile phones in education, according to the University which is attended by the student, gender, and academic level of the student. The study sample consisted of (363) students selected randomly cluster from the colleges of education at the Jordanian universities: The Hashemite University, Yarmouk and University of Jordan for the academic year 2010-2011. The instrument was a questionnaire developed by the researchers. The results showed that the percentage of students who indicated positive attitudes towards mobile phone use in university education is high. The results also showed that there were significant differences in the attitudes of students of the colleges of education in Jordanian universities towards mobile phone use in university education attributed to the variable of the university and in favor of the Hashemite University. The results showed no significant differences in students' attitudes toward mobile phone use in university education attributed to gender. Findings also revealed that there presence of statistically significant differences in students' attitudes toward mobile phone use in university education attributed to the variable of academic level in favor of master degree students.</text>
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                <text>Copyright (c) 2017 Khalid Yousef Qudah, Jebreen A Hussain, Reem Al Matari</text>
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                <text>International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM); Vol. 7 No. 2 (2013); pp. 19-28</text>
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                <text>1865-7923</text>
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                <text>Students' Attitudes in Colleges of Education at the Jordanian Universities towards Mobile Phone Usage in University Education</text>
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                <text>Al Mulhem, Ahmed</text>
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                <text>The primary purpose of this study is to review and analyse the literature related to e-learning, which is linked to previous studies. Specifically, studies that used the TAM model to examine the effect of eleven external factors, such as website content quality, website design quality, website technical quality, website access speed, usability, e-learning system functionality, e-learning system reliability, facilitating conditions, top management support, student awareness and academic staff awareness on the use of an e-learning system in King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia. The findings of this study offer valuable guidelines for practitioners, researchers and educators about the most important factors that enhance the use of e-learning systems in universities.</text>
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                <text>Copyright (c) 2020 Ahmed Almulhem</text>
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                <text>International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM); Vol. 14 No. 03 (2020); pp. 19-37</text>
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                <text>1865-7923</text>
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                <text>E-learning system</text>
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                <text>Saudi universities.</text>
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                <text>Exploring the Key Factors in the Use of an E-Learning System Among Students at King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="24181">
                <text>Alnabhan, Mohammad</text>
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                <text>Alshuqran, Mahmoud</text>
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                <text>Hammad, Mustafa</text>
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                <text>Al Nawayseh, Mohammad</text>
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                <text>Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs) are considered as a reunion of wireless mobile devices (nodes) that form a temporary wireless network. In order to facilitate communication in MANET, every node has to participate in the routing process. Finding an optimal route is a fundamental task in MANET, where routes tend to be multi-hoped and susceptible. Several routing protocols exist and can be classified as; topology-based and position-based routing protocols. However, the efficiency of these protocols in highly dynamic and dense environments is a challenging task to be considered for increasing perceived Quality of Service (QoS) in MANET. This paper focuses on the presentation and basic operation of each category. A qualitative evaluation between both categories is conducted to achieve a performance comparison in terms of packet- delivery ratio, End-to End delay and routing overhead. Results show that position-based overcome topology-based routing protocols in high dynamic and sparse environments. Recommendations for designing and implementing efficient position-based protocols are presented.</text>
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                <text>International Association of Online Engineering (IAOE), Vienna, Austria</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="24193">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2017 Mohammad Alnabhan, Mahmoud Alshuqran, Mustafa Hammad, Mohammad Al Nawayseh</text>
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                <text>International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM); Vol. 11 No. 1 (2017); pp. 84-97</text>
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                <text>1865-7923</text>
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                <text>MANET</text>
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                <text>Performance Evaluation of Unicast Routing Protocols in MANETs – Current State and Future Prospects</text>
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                <text>Sharing economy services are growing very quickly, including with successful implementations such as mobile ridehailing services, where by consumers and drivers can coordinate to share rides. This research investigates factors that are affecting consumers’ intention to use mobile ridehailing services in developing countries. The research data was collected in June 2021 from Jordanian consumers using an online questionnaire. The collected data was then analyzed to verify the research hypothesizes using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The empirical findings indicate that personalized benefits positively attract consumers to use mobile ridehailing applications. The findings also show that consumers’ privacy concerns negatively affect consumers’ intention to use mobile ridehailing applications. Moreover, the findings also show that the role of laws and regulations is significant in such contexts as it decreases the negative interaction between privacy concerns and consumers’ intention to use ridehailing applications. Accordingly, this research suggests that ridehailing practitioners should focus on providing more convienent services and at the same time governments and policy makers should provide protective legislations to overcome user’s privacy concerns.</text>
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                <text>Copyright (c) 2022 Sultan Al-Masaeed, Mohammad Al Nawayseh, Bader AlFawwaz, Mahmoud Maqableh, Mohammad Alnabhan, Ra'ed Masa'deh, Atallah AL-Shatnawi</text>
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                <text>International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM); Vol. 16 No. 11 (2022); pp. 207-223</text>
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                <text>1865-7923</text>
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                <text>Sharing Economy, Ridehailing, Benefits, Risks, Regulations,  Jordan</text>
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                <text>Factors Affecting Consumers’ Intention to Use Mobile Ride Hailing Services in Developing Countries</text>
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                <text>Al Reshan, Mana Saleh</text>
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                <text>Information Security is the foremost concern for IoT (Internet of things) devices and applications. Since the advent of IoT, its applications and devices have experienced an exponential increase in numerous applications which are utilized. Nowadays we people are becoming smart because we started using smart devices like a smartwatch, smart TV, smart home appliances. These devices are part of the IoT devices. The IoT device differs widely in capacity storage, size, computational power, and supply of energy. With the rapid increase of IoT devices in different IoT fields, information security, and privacy are not addressed well. Most IoT devices having constraints in computational and operational capabilities are a threat to security and privacy, also prone to cyber-attacks. This study presents a CIA triad-based information security implementation for the four-layer architecture of the IoT devices. An overview of layer-wise threats to the IoT devices and finally suggest CIA triad-based security techniques for securing the IoT devices.</text>
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                <text>Copyright (c) 2021 Mana Saleh Al Reshan</text>
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                <text>International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM); Vol. 15 No. 24 (2021); pp. 61-76</text>
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                <text>1865-7923</text>
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                <text>IoT Application</text>
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                <text>Security of IoT</text>
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                <text>IoT-based Application of Information Security Triad</text>
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                  <text>International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM)</text>
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                <text>Al Sabaawi, Ali M. Ahmed</text>
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                <text>Karacan, Hacer</text>
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                <text>Yenice, Yusuf Erkan</text>
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                <text>2021-01-12</text>
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                <text>Recently, Recommender Systems (RSs) have attracted many researchers whose goal is to improve the performance of the prediction accuracy of recommendation systems by alleviating RSs drawbacks. The most common limitations are sparsity and the cold-start problem. This article proposes two models to mitigate the effects of these limitations. The proposed models exploit five sources of information: rating information, which involves two sources, namely explicit and implicit, which can be extracted via users’ ratings, and two types of social relations: explicit and implicit relations, the last source is confidence values that are included in the first model only. The whole sources are combined into the Singular Value Decomposition plus (SVD++) method. First, to extract implicit relations, each non-friend pair of users, the Multi-Steps Resource Allocation (MSRA) method is adopted to compute the probability of being friends. If the probability has accepted value which exceeds a threshold, an implicit relationship will be created. Second, the similarity of explicit and implicit social relationships for each pair of users is computed. Regarding the first model, a confidence value between each pair of users is computed by dividing the number of common items by the total number of items which have also rated by the first user of this pair. The confidence values are combined with the similarity values to produce the weight factor. Furthermore, the weight factor, explicit, and implicit feedback information are integrated into the SVD++ method to compute the missing prediction values. Additionally, three standard datasets are utilized in this study, namely Last.Fm, Ciao, and FilmTrust, to evaluate our models. The experimental results have revealed that the proposed models outperformed state-of-the-art approaches in terms of accuracy.</text>
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                <text>https://online-journals.org/index.php/i-jim/article/view/17751</text>
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                <text>10.3991/ijim.v15i01.17751</text>
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                <text>eng</text>
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                <text>International Association of Online Engineering (IAOE), Vienna, Austria</text>
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                <text>https://online-journals.org/index.php/i-jim/article/view/17751/8531</text>
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          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="38640">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2021 Ali M. Ahmed Al Sabaawi, Hacer KARACAN, Yusuf Erkan YENİCE</text>
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                <text>International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM); Vol. 15 No. 01 (2021); pp. 70-87</text>
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                <text>1865-7923</text>
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                <text>recommendation system</text>
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                <text>data sparsity</text>
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                <text>Two Models Based on Social Relations and SVD++ Method for Recommendation System</text>
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