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                  <text>AEGIS : Journal of International Relations</text>
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                  <text>School of International Relations, President University, Indonesia</text>
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                <text>Drajat, Gibran Mahesa</text>
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                <text>This paper aims to examine Indonesia’s leadership in ASEAN as the regional organization advances its community building in areas of political-security. Indonesia, the largest state in Southeast Asia both from geographic and economic size, is known for its de facto leadership within the regional integration process of ASEAN. Such integration is mostly prominent in areas of multilateral engagement, conflict management, and democracy as well as human rights promotion. With President Joko Widodo at the helm of Indonesia’s presidency since October 2014, Indonesia has reoriented its foreign policy cornerstone on ASEAN into other channels that best serve its national interest. As Indonesia repositions its focus from ASEAN, there is a need to evaluate whether the trajectory of ASEAN Political-Security Community will continue to thrive under the consensual decision-making process among its ten member states known as ASEAN way. To evaluate Indonesia’s leadership in the advancement of ASEAN Political-Security Community under President Joko Widodo, the paper will review Indonesia’s initiatives to ASEAN and how they contribute towards Southeast Asia’s regionalism. Subsequently, three areas of Indonesia’s leadership in ASEAN Political-Security Community building will be examined: the maintenance of ASEAN Centrality, South China Sea dispute management, and promotion of democracy and human rights. The paper concludes that ASEAN way works not only when ASEAN member states find a common ground on regional issues that affect their respective domestic politics. A presence of informal and voluntary leadership where “matured” member states bring about initiative and persuasion is needed to maintain ASEAN’s strategic relevance in Asia-Pacific. For this reason, Indonesia’s legitimacy as an informal leader in ASEAN plays an important role to ensure that the organization remain united and central to its member states.Keywords: ASEAN Political-Security Community, Indonesian Foreign Policy, Regional Leadership </text>
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                <text>http://e-journal.president.ac.id/presunivojs/index.php/AEGIS/article/view/424</text>
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                <text>Copyright (c) 2018 AEGIS : Journal of International Relations</text>
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                <text>AEGIS : Journal of International Relations; Vol 2, No 2 (2018): March - August 2018</text>
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                <text>Assessing Indonesia’s Leadership in the Advancement of ASEAN Political-Security Community under  President Joko Widodo</text>
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                <text>Odukoya, Jonathan Adedayo</text>
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                <text>Over the years, technology appears to be making life easier and better.  However, in some instances, it appears technology is counterproductive. Mobile learning devices, as the name suggests, have been developed to facilitate learning on the move.  The questions are: Are these devices truly facilitating learning? If they are truly facilitating learning, are they facilitating learning positively or negatively? �  To answer these questions, the survey research design was adopted on a sample of 215 randomly selected students.  In the process, questionnaire and focused group discussion guideline were used to collect relevant data.  Data analysis was both qualitative and quantitative.  Some of the core findings from this investigation were that majority of the respondents, and by extension the target population, were barely using the tablets and free internet browsing megabytes [10Gb monthly] given to all students for the intended purpose of learning.  Some were pre-occupied with downloading videos, films and music while some spend endless hours playing computer games or chatting on social networks with the attendant consequence of poor learning, dwindling academic performance and productivity.  Relevant recommendations to redress this unwholesome trend were proffered</text>
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                <text>https://online-journals.org/index.php/i-jim/article/view/6828</text>
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                <text>International Association of Online Engineering (IAOE), Vienna, Austria</text>
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                <text>https://online-journals.org/index.php/i-jim/article/view/6828/4416</text>
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                <text>Copyright (c) 2017 Jonathan Adedayo Odukoya, Olajide Adekeye, Sola Okunlola</text>
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                <text>International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM); Vol. 11 No. 4 (2017); pp. 160-169</text>
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                <text>1865-7923</text>
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                <text>Assessment</text>
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                <text>Mobile Learning Devices</text>
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                <text>Tertiary Institutions</text>
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                <text>Assessing the Effectiveness of Mobile Learning Devices in Tertiary Institutions: The Experience of Undergraduates in a Nigerian Private University</text>
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                  <text>International Studies - Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal       </text>
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                  <text>Lodz University Press        </text>
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                  <text>ISSN: 1641-4233&#13;
e-ISSN: 2300-8695</text>
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                <text>Fisiak, Marta</text>
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                <text>Throughout the evolution of public political discourse we have repeatedly seen the effects of scandals on the careers of many politicians. Although the cultural and societal norms that have traditionally dictated the results of such scandals have changed dramatically within the last two centuries, I believe that the aftermath of these scandals may be better understood by analyzing and comparing the politician’s previously established public image to the scandal at hand. I will argue that a negative impact only oc­curs if and when there is a clear contradiction of character that presents the politician as a deceitful or hypocritical person in the media sphere and therefore the eyes of the public.</text>
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                <text>https://czasopisma.uni.lodz.pl/international/article/view/4041</text>
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                <text>https://czasopisma.uni.lodz.pl/international/article/view/4041/3499</text>
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                <text>Copyright (c) 2018 International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal</text>
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                <text>International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal; Vol. 22 No. 1 (2018): U.S.-China Relations Towards Bipolarity?; 169-182</text>
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                <text>International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal; Tom 22 Nr 1 (2018): International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal; 169-182</text>
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                <text>Assessing the Impact of Communications Strategy and Ethical Positioningon the Resilience of a Political Career Facing Scandal: Critical Analysis of Sexual Scandals within American Politics</text>
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                <text>Dahri, Nisar Ahmed</text>
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                <text>Teachers' professional development plays a key role in imparting quality education. However, the design and delivery of quality professional development programs is a challenging problem due to numerous issues such as inadequate policies, lack of skilled personnel and training, politically influenced appointments, and dependency on the traditional modes of training. The COVID-19 pandemic has further escalated the situation and severely affected trainers’ and trainees' interest, motivation, and engagement. Due to its ubiquitous, flexible, and cost-effective nature, technology has played a key role in carrying out educational activities even in the pandemic situation. However, little emphasis has been provided on the use of technology for the professional development of teachers. This study investigates the effects of mobile-based training app on teachers learning outcomes and attitudes towards its usage. The training app is based on our enhanced CPD model for teachers' professional development. For the study, 308 in-service elementary school teachers of division shaheed Benazirabad are selected for the training and assessment purposes. To perform the experiments, teachers were divided into two groups: experimental and control. The experimental group contained 158 teachers which were provided training through the mobile app. The remaining 150 teachers of the control group were provided training using the traditional physical appearance. Pre and post-test were designed to examine the effects of mobile-based training on the teachers’ learning outcomes before and after the training intervention. Besides assessing the learning outcomes, the attitude towards the use of the training app was also assessed using the attitude scale. The analysis of results determined that the training through a mobile app has a significant effect on teachers learning outcomes in terms of knowledge, skills, and dispositions. Furthermore, teachers showed a positive attitude towards the use of training app. The experimental group had significantly high attitude scores in post-test toward mobile-based training systems. Teachers’ experience using the mobile app has been perceived as an approach that has significantly increased teaching proficiency. Experimental results suggest that mobile-based professional development modes positively impact teachers' professional and academic achievement and performance to produce a rising number of certified teachers irrespective of time, space, and financial constraints.</text>
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                <text>https://online-journals.org/index.php/i-jim/article/view/30519</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="48977">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2022 Nisar Ahmed Dahri, Muhammad Saleem Vighio, Omar A. Alismaiel, Waleed Mugahed Al-Rahmi.</text>
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                <text>International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM); Vol. 16 No. 09 (2022); pp. 107-129</text>
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                <text>1865-7923</text>
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                <text>CPD</text>
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                <text>Mobile learning attitude</text>
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                <text>Academic achievement</text>
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                <text>Professional Development</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="48985">
                <text>ICT</text>
              </elementText>
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                <text>Teachers Training</text>
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                <text>Mobile Based Training</text>
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>Assessing the Impact of Mobile-Based Training on Teachers’ Achievement and Usage Attitude</text>
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                  <text>Canadian Journal of European and Russian Studies</text>
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                <text>Terpan, Fabien</text>
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                <text>This article assesses the influence of the Franco-German partnership on the development of an EU foreign and security policy since the 1990s, in order to see whether political cohesion between the two member states is a necessary and sufficient condition for the EU to emerge as an actor in the international arena. Based on a methodology using secondary literature in a systematic way, the argument unfolds in three parts: first, the article looks at the political cohesion between the two member states in terms of both the building and the content of the EU’s foreign and security policy. Then, it seeks to establish a correlation between Franco-German cohesion and the existence of an EU position, or lack thereof. Finally, the last section explains why the Franco-German cohesion is a necessary but insufficient condition for the EU to gain actorness, by looking at other variables pertaining to: domestic politics, European politics and the international environment. Four models of interaction between the Franco-German cohesion and these other variables are developed: effective consensus; ineffective consensus; diffuse consensus; blocking dissensus.</text>
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                <text>https://ojs.library.carleton.ca/index.php/CJERS/article/view/2529</text>
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                <text>10.22215/cjers.v13i1.2529</text>
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            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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                <text>eng</text>
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            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="59110">
                <text>Centre for European Studies, Carleton University</text>
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            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="59112">
                <text>Canadian Journal of European and Russian Studies; Vol. 13 No. 1 (2019); 1-20</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="59113">
                <text>2562-8429</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="59114">
                <text>10.22215/cjers.v13i1</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="59115">
                <text>Assessing the influence of France and Germany on EU foreign and security policy</text>
              </elementText>
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            <element elementId="50">
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              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="15984">
                  <text>International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM)</text>
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            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="18334">
                <text>Jaradat, Mohammed-issa R</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="18335">
                <text>Twaissi, Naseem M</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="18336">
                <text>2009-12-17</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>The continuously growing number of mobile users demonstrates that more and more users seek to benefit from the freedom afforded without the need for cables, time and place. The mobility is the driving force behind the new global economy, with mobile banking, banks offer a new revolutionize services and giving their consumers more options than ever before. 
This study aimed to: (1) Investigate consumers' expectations and attitudes towards mobile banking in Jordan. (2) Identify the problems that organizations and consumers encounter while adopting or using mobile banking. (3) Measure the level of consumersâ?? perceived usefulness (PU), perceived ease of use (PEOU), attitude towards using (ATU), behavioral intention to use (BI), and the actual use (AU) of mobile banking. 
Data for this study have been collected using a questionnaire containing 44 questions. Out of 325 questionnaires that have been distributed, 275 are returned (84.6%). 
As a result of this study it appeared that if consumers have positive Attitudes towards mobile banking, they would rely on it to conduct their banking transactions. This study finds that Jordanian consumers rely on wireless devices (Mobile) for their banking transactions, which leads to the actual use of this new technology, taking into consideration trust as a factor that could affect the success of using mobile banking in Jordan. This study gives quantified indicators about mobile banking and a model that might help in understanding the mobile banking environment in Jordan.</text>
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                <text>https://online-journals.org/index.php/i-jim/article/view/1057</text>
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                <text>International Association of Online Engineering (IAOE), Vienna, Austria</text>
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                <text>https://online-journals.org/index.php/i-jim/article/view/1057/1223</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="18344">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2017 Mohammed-issa R Jaradat, Naseem M Twaissi</text>
              </elementText>
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            <name>Source</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="18345">
                <text>International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM); Vol. 4 No. 1 (2010); pp. 14-21</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="18346">
                <text>1865-7923</text>
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                <text>Mobile Banking (MB)</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="18349">
                <text>Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB)</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="18350">
                <text>Technology Acceptance Model (TAM)</text>
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                <text>Trust (TMB)</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Assessing the Introduction of Mobile Banking in Jordan Using Technology Acceptance Model</text>
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                  <text>International Studies - Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal       </text>
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                  <text>Lodz University Press        </text>
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                  <text>ISSN: 1641-4233&#13;
e-ISSN: 2300-8695</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="70794">
                <text>Tomasi, Sabrina</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="70795">
                <text>Cavicchi, Alessio</text>
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                <text>Paviotti, Gigliola</text>
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                <text>Bertella, Giovanna</text>
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                <text>Santini, Cristina</text>
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                <text>2019-12-30</text>
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                <text>This paper examines the International Student Competition on Place Brand­ing and Mediterranean Diet held in Fermo, Italy, in the context of the devel­opment of rural areas. This one-week food-related educational programme was organised by the University of Macerata’s Department of Education, Cultural Heritage and Tourism in collaboration with The Piceno Laboratory on the Mediterranean Diet, a local network of public and private stakehold­ers committed to the promotion of Fermo area as a touristic destination based on traditional gastronomy. The aim of this study was to understand how and to what extent such food-related educational events may con­tribute to providing students with the knowledge, expertise and soft skills needed for careers in the food tourism sector. Of interest also was how such events may benefit the development of rural areas. The ISC was founded in 2016 and continued in 2017, 2018 and 2019. In order to assess students’ perceptions about the experience, specifically regarding what they felt they had learned about food tourism, and which soft skills they had acquired or honed, 13 students who participated in the 2017 event were interviewed for a qualitative study. Moreover, the authors drew upon information gleaned from interactions with students and teachers, as well as with several important actors of the local food and tourism sector, in­cluding tourism and hospitality entrepreneurs and representatives of gov­ernment agencies, with whom they collaborated in the context of planning, running and evaluating the events. The findings show that the ISC can provide students with a good general understanding of the territory and practical knowledge about place branding and food tourism. In terms of career preparation, the combination of fieldwork activities with traditional lectures and group activities was particularly fruitful in promoting soft skills such as communication, efficient use of social media, teamwork, problem-solving and decision making.</text>
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                <text>https://czasopisma.uni.lodz.pl/international/article/view/6988</text>
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                <text>10.18778/1641-4233.24.07</text>
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                <text>https://czasopisma.uni.lodz.pl/international/article/view/6988/6564</text>
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                <text>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</text>
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                <text>International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM); Vol. 14 No. 11 (2020); pp. 107-125</text>
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                <text>1865-7923</text>
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                <text>In response to the coronavirus crisis, higher education institutions have partially or fully transformed into electronic education systems (EESs). This paper presents the results of a student survey conducted at  AL al-Bayt University to assess the quality of the electronic educational system (EES) during the coronavirus pandemic. The study variables addressed by the questionnaire were tangible physical features (TPFs), flexibility (FEES), examination construction and management (ECM); admission, storage, and registration management (ASRM), security and privacy (S&amp;amp;P), learning site content (LSC); and students’ level of satisfaction (LoS). The exploratory study methodology was applied to 324 students at AABU, where the research data were collected using a Google Docs questionnaire and distributed to students. The results highlighted that students were satisfied with the quality of EES implemented by  AABU during the lockdown period in terms of tangible physical features (TPF) and learning site content (LSC) and there was a statistically significant relationship between TPF and LSC. However, some undesirable features were reported, such as a lack of adequate infrastructure for students, which enabled them to interact effectively with their teachers to gain the target of applying EES.  Consequently, AABU needs to implement effective measures to improve and increase the quality and level of satisfaction with EES. Finally, electronic education is a more adapted, smooth, and affordable alternative than traditional face-to-face education.</text>
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                <text>International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM); Vol. 17 No. 03 (2023); pp. 135-159</text>
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                <text>Assessment of Quality of the Electronic Education System in the Corona Crisis Period: Applied Study on Al al-Bayt University</text>
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                <text>The paper examines two European Commission initiatives on creating transnational media networks on European affairs, the Euronews television and the Euranet Plus radio network, and their roles in the European public sphere. An overview of Euronews and Euranet Plus is based on the author's research, first-hand contacts with representatives of the European Commission, media in Belgium and France, and field work at the editorial office of Euronews in Lyon-Ecully and at the editorial offices of Euranet Plus in Paris and Brussels.
&amp;nbsp;
Full text available at: https://doi.org/10.22215/rera.v10i1.265</text>
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