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                <text>The widespread availability of legal materials online has opened the law to a new and greatly expanded readership. These new readers need the law to be readable by them when they encounter it. However, the available empirical research supports a conclusion that legislation is difficult to read if not incomprehensible to most citizens. We review approaches that have been used to measure the readability of text including readability metrics, cloze testing and application of machine learning. We report the creation and testing of an open online platform for readability research. This platform is made available to researchers interested in undertaking research on the readability of legal materials. To demonstrate the capabilities ofthe platform, we report its initial application to a corpus of legislation. Linguistic characteristics are extracted using the platform and then used as input features for machine learning using the Weka package. Wide divergences are found between sentences in a corpus of legislation and those in a corpus of graded reading material or in the Brown corpus (a balanced corpus of English written genres). Readability metrics are found to be of little value in classifying sentences by grade reading level (noting that such metrics were not designed to be used with isolated sentences).</text>
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                <text>https://ojs.law.cornell.edu/index.php/joal/article/view/16</text>
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                <text>Journal of Open Access to Law</text>
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                <text>Journal of Open Access to Law; Vol. 1 No. 1 (2013)</text>
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                <text>2372-7152</text>
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                <text>readability</text>
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                <text>A Right to Access Implies A Right to Know: An Open Online Platform for Research on the Readability of Law</text>
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                <text>The track assumes that the use of social media is widespread and can advance theprofessional and public need to understand or engage with the law. Is this apresumption that underpins the context of the ‘developing’ world? PacLII is the Pacific Islands Legal Information Institute. Its work started in the mid 90’s and it became a LII in 2003. In the 15 years of its activity, PacLII has begun to host legal material from 20 jurisdictions with common and civil law backgrounds. All could be labelled ‘developing countries’. PacLII’s work covers a vast geographic area and is hostage to the tyrannies of literal distance. PacLII’s work has been underpinned by great strides in the spread of internet access and a growing commitment to free access to online legal information. Yet we do not use social media. Is PacLII exhibiting Luddite tendencies in our thinking – are we missing out on a new revolution in communication? Perhaps the audience can challenge our presumptions on the ineffectiveness of social media. We therefore seek to ask the following questions in the hope of stimulating discussion of whether and how social media could promote a further commitment to online legal information in the developing world: ? How would we use it and to what end? ? What would be the challenge / benefit ratio to our users? ? How does it improve upon other communication tools such as newsletters and emails?</text>
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                <text>Journal of Open Access to Law; Vol. 1 No. 1 (2013)</text>
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                <text>2372-7152</text>
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                <text>Social Media and the Tyranny of Distance - Pacific Access to Legal Information</text>
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                <text>Vibert, Hughes-Jehan</text>
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                <text>Pin, Benoît</text>
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                <text>On the Internet, legal information is a sum of national laws. Even in a changing world, law is culturally specific (nation-specific most of the time) and legal concepts only become meaningful when put in the context of a particular legal system. Legivoc aims to be a semantic interface between the subject of law of a State and the other spaces of legal information that it will be led to use. This project will consist of setting up a server of multilingual legal vocabularies from the European Union Member States legal systems, which will be freely available, for other uses via an application programming interface (API).</text>
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                <text>Journal of Open Access to Law; Vol. 1 No. 1 (2013)</text>
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                <text>2372-7152</text>
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                <text>Legivoc – connecting laws in a changing world</text>
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                <text>Neale, Thom</text>
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                <text>This study uses simple statistical and functional analysis in conjunction with network analysis algorithms to examine the network of Canadian caselaw using data supplied by the Canadian Legal Information Institute (CanLII). The analysis reveals that indegree centrality and PageRank scores of caselaw within the network are effective predictors of the frequency with which those cases will be viewed on CanLII's website. Further, statistical and functional analysis of network rankings of each case over time suggest that cases typically cease to be cited in 3 to 15 years, depending on the jurisdiction, with the exception of Supreme Court of Canada decisions, which persist for 50 years. The study concludes that roughly 19% of Canada Supreme Court cases remain important despite the passage of time, whereas in all other jurisdiction, less than 3% of cases continue to be cited regularly over time. </text>
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                <text>https://ojs.law.cornell.edu/index.php/joal/article/view/20</text>
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                <text>Journal of Open Access to Law</text>
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                  <text>Cornell University</text>
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                <text>Leucci, Stefano</text>
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                <text>Open data is fuel for the future economy. Opening and sharing data owned by public bodies, communities and companies has an incredible economic value. This will potentially lead our society to a new data-driven thinking paradigm. They also enable a smarter urban space where companies can provide better and innovative services. In particular, accessing to government data held by public bodies generates accountability, transparency and fosters economic growth. Two main aspects define data as open: data formats and licenses. This paper aims at listing some preliminary notes on the copyright framework in which open data are released and presenting the idea of considering licenses as metadata. Many tools, according to the semantic web paradigm, aim at enforcing this aspect, managing data exchange in a more compliance way and reducing costs for reuse of data. Finally, a research path for a new approach to digital ownership will be presented.</text>
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                <text>Journal of Open Access to Law; Vol. 2 No. 1 (2014)</text>
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                <text>2372-7152</text>
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                <text>Preliminary Notes on Open Data Licensing</text>
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