61 10 3575 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Journal of Open Access to Law Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Cornell University Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Binns, Reuben Millard, David Harris, Lisa Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2015-03-22 Description An account of the resource Data protection laws require organisations to be transparent about how they use personal data. This article explores the potential of machine-readable privacy notices to address this transparency challenge. We analyse a large source of open data comprised of semi-structured privacy notifications from hundreds of thousands of organisations in the UK, to investigate the reasons for data collection, the types of personal data collected and from whom, and the types of recipients who have access to the data. We analyse three specific sectors in detail; health, finance, and data brokerage. Finally, we draw recommendations for possible future applications of open data to privacy policies and transparency notices. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://ojs.law.cornell.edu/index.php/joal/article/view/31 Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Journal of Open Access to Law Relation A related resource https://ojs.law.cornell.edu/index.php/joal/article/view/31/59 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Journal of Open Access to Law; Vol. 3 No. 1 (2015) 2372-7152 Subject The topic of the resource open data transparency privacy semantic web Data Protection Privacy Title A name given to the resource The Who, What, and Why: Data Transparency Notices in the UK Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed article Empirical study Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Journal of Open Access to Law Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Cornell University Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Bestue, Carmen Orozco, Mariana Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2015-03-22 Description An account of the resource The observation of the general practices of translation of End-User License Agreements from English into Spanish lead to the finding that some companies accounted for the difference between the legal requirements of the source text - the original text, in English - and the target text - the translated text, in Spanish - whilst others did not. This finding flagged up the need to improve the way in which professional translators approached the translation of these documents by providing them with the appropriate tools. Therefore, an application was created to provide all the necessary information in both the legal field - in the form of advice and links to Spanish and European statute law existing in the matter - and the linguistic field - in the form of a terminological database with specific advice for the translation key terms, a revised corpus with suggestions for translating typical clauses, and other tools that will be thoroughly explained in the article. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://ojs.law.cornell.edu/index.php/joal/article/view/33 Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Journal of Open Access to Law Relation A related resource https://ojs.law.cornell.edu/index.php/joal/article/view/33/58 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Journal of Open Access to Law; Vol. 3 No. 1 (2015) 2372-7152 Subject The topic of the resource legal translation localisation of legal texts end user license agreements cultural adaptation of legal texts knowledge transfer to translation companies translation process Title A name given to the resource Translating End-User License Agreements from English into Spanish Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Journal of Open Access to Law Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Cornell University Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Curtotti, Michael Weibel, Wayne McCreath, Eric Ceynowa, Nicolas Frug, Sara Bruce, Tom R Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2015-03-23 Description An account of the resource This papers sits at the intersection of citizen access to law, legal informatics and plain language. The paper reports the results of a joint project of the Cornell University Legal Information Institute and the Australian National University which collected thousands of crowdsourced assessments of the readability of law through the Cornell LII site. The aim of the project is to enhance accuracy in the prediction of the readability of legal sentences. The study requested readers on legislative pages of the LII site to rate passages from the United States Code and the Code of Federal Regulations and other texts for readability and other characteristics. The research provides insight into who uses legal rules and how they do so. The study enables conclusions to be drawn as to the current readability of law and spread of readability among legal rules. The research is intended to enable the creation of a dataset of legal rules labelled by human judges as to readability. Such a dataset, in combination with machine learning, will assist in identifying factors in legal language which impede readability and access for citizens. As far as we are aware, this research is the largest ever study of readability and usability of legal language and the first research which has applied crowdsourcing to such an investigation. The research is an example of the possibilities open for enhancing access to law through engagement of end users in the online legal publishing environment for enhancement of legal accessibility and through collaboration between legal publishers and researchers. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://ojs.law.cornell.edu/index.php/joal/article/view/34 Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Journal of Open Access to Law Relation A related resource https://ojs.law.cornell.edu/index.php/joal/article/view/34/54 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Journal of Open Access to Law; Vol. 3 No. 1 (2015) 2372-7152 Subject The topic of the resource readability legislation legal informatics corpus linguistics machine learning natural language processing readability metrics cloze testing crowdsourcing citizen science artificial intelligence natural language processing legal informatics Title A name given to the resource Citizen Science for Citizen Access to Law Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Journal of Open Access to Law Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Cornell University Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Ajayi, Efg Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2015-03-22 Description An account of the resource The mobile telephone alternatively referred to as mobile handset, has immense advantages over the traditional land line telephone in that it enables the user to traverse wherever he desires, and yet able to communicate with others either for purposes of transacting businesses or as a means of effecting social interactions, but notwithstanding the apparent advantages of mobile phones, like every coin having two sides, its use has demerits which as a matter of necessity, calls for regulatory measures to protect the subscribers; unfortunately, this is not the case in most African countries, for example, Nigeria reputed for the highest population in Africa ditto the highest number of mobile telephone subscribers in addition to being the biggest economy in the continent, does not have in place, law and policy specifically aimed at protecting or promoting the interest of its subscribers. The usage of mobile phones has assumed phenomenal increase recently; it is the norm rather than the exception in Africa but with the unfortunate trend of dearth of legal and regulatory measures. This Article deals with the legal and regulatory framework pertaining to mobile phones and examines issues relating to or consequences generated thereof. The paper argues that the extant legal and regulatory framework in Africa is not in the best interest of subscribers,’ and calls for a paradigm shift towards taking into cognizance the said interest of subscribers’ by governments’ with the view to putting in place, legal and regulatory precepts simply because the manufacturers of mobile phones and telephony companies, wherever they are situate or operate from, need and rely on the profits generated from African countries. Keywords: Telecommunications law and policy, mobile phone, consumer protection, Africa Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://ojs.law.cornell.edu/index.php/joal/article/view/37 Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Journal of Open Access to Law Relation A related resource https://ojs.law.cornell.edu/index.php/joal/article/view/37/55 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Journal of Open Access to Law; Vol. 3 No. 1 (2015) 2372-7152 Title A name given to the resource Telecommunications law and policy to protect subscribers’ of mobile phones in Africa Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Journal of Open Access to Law Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Cornell University Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Kerr, Jessica Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2015-03-22 Description An account of the resource A novel access to legislation project in the African island nation of Seychelles focused on producing a multi-format unofficial electronic collection of the most commonly cited laws, which can be used online or offline.  People in Seychelles did not previously have ready access to current versions of their most important laws (including the Constitution and the civil and criminal codes), even in hard copy.  The ‘eGrey Book’ project, launched in April 2014 through the website of SeyLII, has so far been a remarkable success.  The history of the project exemplifies the possibility of lateral approaches to access to legislation challenges, the importance of close cooperation with LII colleagues and international technical experts, and the invaluable contribution that a targeted one-off funding injection can make.  It also reflects the  significant time commitment required to create the raw materials for a resource of this kind. Now that the hard work has been done, the eGrey Book requires relatively little effort to maintain and update.   It has already become the default reference point for local practitioners.  With time, it may offer a model for replication in other African jurisdictions facing similar challenges. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf image/png image/png image/png image/png image/png image/png Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://ojs.law.cornell.edu/index.php/joal/article/view/38 Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Journal of Open Access to Law Relation A related resource https://ojs.law.cornell.edu/index.php/joal/article/view/38/60 https://ojs.law.cornell.edu/index.php/joal/article/view/38/78 https://ojs.law.cornell.edu/index.php/joal/article/view/38/79 https://ojs.law.cornell.edu/index.php/joal/article/view/38/80 https://ojs.law.cornell.edu/index.php/joal/article/view/38/81 https://ojs.law.cornell.edu/index.php/joal/article/view/38/82 https://ojs.law.cornell.edu/index.php/joal/article/view/38/83 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Journal of Open Access to Law; Vol. 3 No. 1 (2015) 2372-7152 Subject The topic of the resource legislation rule of law access to law consolidation mobile LII online Access to legislation Title A name given to the resource Mobile Access to the Law in Africa: Developing an eGrey Book for the Seychelles Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Journal of Open Access to Law Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Cornell University Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Kawachi, Gen Nakamura, Makoto Ogawa, Yasuhiro Ohno, Tomohiro Toyama, Katsuhiko Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2015-03-22 Description An account of the resource Our purpose in this paper is to develop a system for the international sharing of Japanese legal information. We plan to promptly provide the Outlines of all the newly promulgated Japanese statutes in English, using machine translation. Structured documents in XML format made it possible to achieve various functions concerning machine translation, text search, and display style. We developed the Document Type Definition for the Outlines based on our investigation of their structure. We also developed a rule-based annotator for the Outlines, which adequately marked up 87.2% on the Outlines of Japanese acts. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://ojs.law.cornell.edu/index.php/joal/article/view/40 Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Journal of Open Access to Law Relation A related resource https://ojs.law.cornell.edu/index.php/joal/article/view/40/53 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Journal of Open Access to Law; Vol. 3 No. 1 (2015) 2372-7152 Subject The topic of the resource Machine translation XML annotation Online access to law Legal informatics Title A name given to the resource Daily News on Japanese Legislation toward Global Sharing of Japanese Legal Information Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Journal of Open Access to Law Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Cornell University Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Masson, Marc Julien Tahir, Ovais Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2016-03-15 Description An account of the resource This research seeks to assess the legal information needs of a variety of actors within Zambian civil society. We first determined the major ways in which civil society actors in Zambia, specifically civil society organisations, labour unions, and legal practitioners, access legal information. Secondly, we surveyed the limitations and barriers associated with these paths to accessing legal information. We found that the provision of openly accessible legal information relies on two factors: the ease of accessing legal information and the capacity of civil society to interpret and understand it. Major limitations to accessing and using publicly available legal information were found to be bureaucracy, financial costs, lack of legal knowledge, and the lack of computerisation and internet access. Major factors influencing the ability of civil society organizations to effectively use legal information were donor funding and capacity building services, as well as the use of paralegals. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://ojs.law.cornell.edu/index.php/joal/article/view/45 Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Journal of Open Access to Law Relation A related resource https://ojs.law.cornell.edu/index.php/joal/article/view/45/61 https://ojs.law.cornell.edu/index.php/joal/article/view/45/84 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Journal of Open Access to Law; Vol. 4 No. 1 (2016) 2372-7152 Subject The topic of the resource Law Legal Information Unions Civil Society Organisations Non-Governmental Organisations Inequality Lawyers Legal Practitioners Access to Justice Legal Information Institute Zambia Development Paralegals Capacity Building Legal Empowerment Access to Justice Title A name given to the resource The Legal Information Needs of Civil Society in Zambia Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed article Analytical; Observational Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Journal of Open Access to Law Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Cornell University Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Takenaka, Yoichi Wakao, Takeshi Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2016-03-01 Description An account of the resource A similarity measure between statute books of local governments that can help reveal suggestive similarities is proposed. The regulations of a local government are stored in a statute book, and they are categorized in a layered structure. The layered structure can be described as an ordered tree in computer science, and we define the similarity of statute books as the tree edit distance between two trees. We have calculated the similarities among statute books of the 47 Japanese prefectures and plotted them on a plane using multi-dimensional scaling. The results visually indicate the relationships of similarities among them, and there are several outlier prefectures and clusters. This will help find local governments with similar regulations, which will facilitate the writing or revision of statutes, especially in small local governments, which are typically short staffed. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://ojs.law.cornell.edu/index.php/joal/article/view/46 Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Journal of Open Access to Law Relation A related resource https://ojs.law.cornell.edu/index.php/joal/article/view/46/63 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Journal of Open Access to Law; Vol. 4 No. 1 (2016) 2372-7152 Subject The topic of the resource statute book local government similarity measure tree edit distance legal informatics Title A name given to the resource Similarity Measure among Structures of Local Government Statute Books based on Tree Edit Distance Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed article tree edit distance Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Journal of Open Access to Law Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Cornell University Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Okada, Kouhei Ogawa, Yasuhiro Nakamura, Makoto Ohno, Tomohiro Toyama, Katsuhiko Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2016-03-01 Description An account of the resource To globally share Japanese legal information, we translate the Outlines of Japanese statutes. These outlines are the official summaries of Japanese statutes and are useful to quickly understand their contents. In a previous statistical machine translation system for the outlines, we found that the training corpus consisted of both statutes and their outlines, including many long sentences that reduced the translation quality. To solve this problem, we shortened the length of sentences and focused on parenthesized expressions. In this paper, we propose a translation method that splits off parenthesized expressions from the sentences. Experimental result shows the effectiveness of our method. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://ojs.law.cornell.edu/index.php/joal/article/view/47 Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Journal of Open Access to Law Relation A related resource https://ojs.law.cornell.edu/index.php/joal/article/view/47/62 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Journal of Open Access to Law; Vol. 4 No. 1 (2016) 2372-7152 Title A name given to the resource Improvement of Translation Accuracy for the Outlines of Japanese Statutes by Splitting Parenthesized Expressions Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Journal of Open Access to Law Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Cornell University Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Van Opijnen, Marc Schreijer, Hayo Andreas, Ilja Kroon, Maarten Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2016-03-01 Description An account of the resource In the Netherlands an infrastructure for collecting, linking and disseminating legal public data is gradually being created. One of the first end-user applications built on this infrastructure is the Law Pocket: a free app with which government officials, lawyers, students and citizens have the up-to-date legislation from the national and regional level always at hand. It gives access to more than 3,400 automatically updated law books, containing full texts and linked resources. The app also gives access to a growing number of manually composed books on specific topics, edited and annotated by specialised civil servants. The backgrounds of this linked data project are described, as well as the main components of the architecture and the functionalities of the Law Pocket. Also its use, future work and position on the legal information market are discussed Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://ojs.law.cornell.edu/index.php/joal/article/view/48 Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Journal of Open Access to Law Relation A related resource https://ojs.law.cornell.edu/index.php/joal/article/view/48/65 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Journal of Open Access to Law; Vol. 4 No. 1 (2016) 2372-7152 Subject The topic of the resource Access to legislation user interfaces open data linked legal data linked open data in legal field Title A name given to the resource Specialised Government Publishing: the Law Pocket and Linked Legal Data in the Netherlands Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed article