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                <text>Andrle, Veronika</text>
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                <text>This volume offers a profoundly new interpretation of the impact ofmodern diasporas on democracy, challenging the orthodox understandingthat ties these two concepts to a bounded form of territory. Consideringdemocracy and diaspora through a deterritorialised lens, it takes the post-Euromaidan Ukraine as a central case study to show how modern diasporasare actively involved in shaping democracy from a distance, and throughtheir political activity are becoming increasingly democratised themselves.An examination of how power-sharing democracies function beyond theterritorial state, Democracy, Diaspora, Territory: Europe and Cross-BorderPolitics compels us to reassess what we mean by democracy and diasporatoday, and why we need to focus on the deterritorialised dimensions ofthese phenomena if we are to adequately address the crises confrontingnumerous democracies. As such, it will appeal to scholars of sociology andpolitics with interests in migration and diaspora, political theory, citizenshipand democracy.</text>
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                <text>Czech Journal of International Relations; Vol. 56 No. 3 (2021); 111-116</text>
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                <text>Bayeh, Jumana – Oleinikova, Olga (eds.): Democracy, Diaspora, Territory: Europe and Cross-Border Politics</text>
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                <text>Luttermann, Karin</text>
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                <text>The rights of persons with disabilities have been strengthened in the past years. The impulse came from the passing of the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and its adoption in many parts of the world. In Germany, its ratification has led to numerous measures (laws, projects) for the creation of an inclusive society. Language is of special importance in this context. Easy Language is a form of barrier-free communication and is meant to make (specialist) information and (professional) communication accessible to certain target groups (among others, persons with mental disabilities, aphasia, German as a second language). It originated from practice-oriented work. Theoretically and empirically assessing its possibilities, potentials and limits urgently requires linguistic research, too. On a text linguistic basis, the contribution argues for the use of Clear Language and for a wider perspective on the concept of lay persons within expert-lay communication. The key question is how legal texts can be clearly formulated and conveyed to the addressees (including the average person)? – What is offered here is a sound solution: the Comprehensibility Model of Legal Language (“Rechtslinguistisches Versta?ndlichkeitsmodell”).</text>
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                <text>https://ojs.law.cornell.edu/index.php/joal/article/view/111</text>
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                <text>Copyright (c) 2021 Journal of Open Access to Law</text>
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                <text>Journal of Open Access to Law; Vol. 9 No. 1 (2021): Special issue on "Communicating the law and public information to vulnerable audiences"; 11</text>
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                <text>Be Clear! The Role of Clarity in Legal Communication</text>
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                <text>Fischer-Souan, Maricia</text>
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                <text>This article addresses the idea of belonging in Europe from the perspective of postcolonial migrants settling in EU societies. It draws on over one hundred in-depth interviews with Algerian, Ecuadorian, and Indian individuals settled mainly in and around the cities of London, Madrid, and Paris. Rather than investigating migrants’ orientations to Europe through a narrow interest in self-identification (feeling vs. not feeling European), it delves into individual migration narratives for evidence of how Europe is imagined (if it is imagined at all) during the migration process and its relation to other physical and symbolic sites. As a frame for interpreting individual migration narratives, I introduce the concept of ‘migratory rupture’, a dialectical experience of both the disorienting and creative aspects of migration.&amp;nbsp; In excavating some of the reflexive processes involved in constructing symbolic geographies of attachment, I find that regardless of the scales of comparison used to articulate place affiliation across different contexts, e.g. whether small-scale (neighbourhoods or city districts) or larger-scale (supranational or de-territorialized categories), symbolic geographies allow migrants to view their transnational life experience on a single, coherent plane and express a form of global consciousness.</text>
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                <text>Centre for European Studies, Carleton University</text>
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                <text>Copyright (c) 2020 Canadian Journal of European and Russian Studies</text>
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                <text>Canadian Journal of European and Russian Studies; Vol. 13 No. 1 (2019); 38-64</text>
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                <text>Belonging, geographical imagination, migration, orientations to Europe</text>
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                <text>Becoming European: Strangers Finding a Place in the European Union</text>
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                  <text>Lodz University Press        </text>
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                <text>Paszyn, Maciej</text>
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                <text>Dieser Artikel stellt die Wechselwirkungsenergie-Unternehmen aus Deutschland und Österreich in der Zeit der Finanzkrise dar. Dazu gehören Unternehmen wie die Verbund AG, EVN und ÖMV. Österreichische Energieunternehmen in Deutschland sind wichtige Akteure auf dem lokalen Energiemarkt. Dank entsprechender Technologie- und Business-Erfahrung können diese Unternehmen mit den deutschen Riesen, wie z.B. mit E.ON kooperieren. Als Beispiel kann der Bau von Wasserkraftanlagen in Bayern fungieren. Im Gegenzug geht der Ölkonzern ÖMV die Partnerschaft mit RWE im Bau von Gasleitungen ein. Zunächst wird die Nabucco-Gas-Pipeline gebaut, derzeit die South-Stream-Pipeline.</text>
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                <text>&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;The aim of this article is to present the collaboration between com­panies in the energy sector in Austria and Germany. During the financial crisis 2008–2012, Austrian energy companies became important partners of German firms supplying Germany with the energy necessary for industries and households. In addition, companies from Austria and Germany participated in the first phase of construction of the pipeline Nabucco. Thanks to manage capital of Austrian and German companies, they may now jointly pursue the objective of expansion in third countries market. After the energy reform, known as the Energiewende, Germany needs more electricity, which largely provide the company with a smaller, but equally high-tech Republic of Austria.</text>
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                <text>https://czasopisma.uni.lodz.pl/international/article/view/6427</text>
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                <text>&amp;nbsp;This paper uses Spain as the case study in furthering understanding of the forces that influence public opinion, specifically as they exist within the contemporary European context. To evaluate this, the focus is on two primary issues: the European Monetary Union (EMU) and the Eastern Enlargement. In order to explore the relationship between opinions towards EU membership, the Euro and support for enlargement, ordinary least squares (OLS) and logistic multivariate regression methods are used to model public opinion development. The argument put forth in this paper is that the formation of public opinion is influenced by both regional dynamics and utilitarian economic considerations. Within this framework, the concept of political symbolism is explored in uncovering the influence of cognitive mobilization, group attachment and cost-benefit factors as they relate to Spanish opinion on widening and deepening of the European Union.
Full text available at: https://doi.org/10.22215/rera.v5i1.203
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                <text>Between Economic Utility and Regional Attachment: The EMU and Eastern Enlargement in the Spanish Eye</text>
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                  <text>ISSN: 1641-4233&#13;
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                <text>Maślak, Edyta</text>
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                <text>Malaysia is a culturally and ethnically diverse country in Southeast Asia. The aim of the work is to examine the causes and impact of the lack of cohesion and integrity in Malaysian society, as well as to check whether the local government counteracts divisions among the discussed nation. Basic information about Malaysia and an analysis of indicators relevant to the assessment of the social development of the country in question are also presented. The paper also describes selected socio-economic problems occurring in this country. Opportunities for economic and social development of Malaysia in the coming years were also presented. The text is mainly based on research: Budowa państwa w warunkach wieloetniczności. Przypadek Malezji [State Bilding in Multi-Ethnic Conditions. The Case of Malaysia] by Ewa Trojnar, Problem nierówności dochodowych i ubóstwo w wieloetnicznym społeczeństwie Malezji [The Problem of Income Inequality and Poverty in the Multi-Ethnic Society of Malaysia] by Paweł Glinik and Sexuality Education in Malaysia: Perceived Issues and Barriers by Professionals by Zahra Fazli Khalaf, Wah Yun Low, Effat Merghati-Khoei, Behzad Ghorbani. Conclusions were presented that Malaysia, due to its intensive economic evolution, is perceived as a strong ally in the international arena. It was also noted that the country in question could be a role model for partners and poor countries in this region of Asia. Unfortunately, differences in the legal situation of individual ethnic and racial groups, economic disproportion or lack of quality education (even sex education) lead to social stagnation. The solution may be the implementation of selected Sustainable Development Goals set by the United Nations, which will consolidate the further development of Malaysia and improve the general well-being of citizens. Implementation of these measures may be the way for Malaysia to become a leader in Southeast Asia, but it requires many social changes that should be implemented as soon as possible.</text>
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                <text>Malezja to zróżnicowany kulturowo i etnicznie kraj w Azji Południowo-Wschodniej. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest zbadanie przyczyn oraz wpływu braku spójności i integralności społeczeństwa Malezji na możliwości rozwoju tego kraju, a także sprawdzenie, czy tamtejszy rząd stara się zapobiegać podziałom społecznym. Przedstawiono również podstawowe informacje dotyczące Malezji oraz dokonano analizy wskaźników istotnych w ocenie rozwoju społecznego tego kraju. Na tym tle zaprezentowano wybrane problemy społeczno-ekonomiczne oraz możliwości rozwoju gospodarczego i społecznego Malezji w najbliższych latach.
Artykuł opiera się głównie na następujących opracowaniach: Budowa państwa w warunkach wieloetniczności. Przypadek Malezji Ewy Trojnar, Problem nierówności dochodowych i ubóstwo w wieloetnicznym społeczeństwie Malezji Pawła Glinika oraz Sexuality Education in Malaysia: Perceived Issues and Barriers by Professionals, którego autorami są Zahra Fazli Khalaf, Wah Yun Low, Effat Merghati-Khoei, Behzad Ghorbani. Postawiono wnioski, iż Malezja ze względu na swój intensywny rozwój gospodarczy może być dla partnerów i biednych krajów tego regionu Azji wzorem do naśladowania. Niestety, różnice w sytuacji prawnej poszczególnych grup etnicznych i rasowych, dysproporcje ekonomiczne czy brak odpowiedniej jakości kształcenia (nawet edukacji seksualnej) prowadzą do stagnacji społecznej. Rozwiązaniem mogłoby być przyjęcie do realizacji wybranych Celów Zrównoważonego Rozwoju określonych przez Organizację Narodów Zjednoczonych, które ugruntowałyby dalszy rozwój Malezji oraz poprawiły dobrostan jej obywateli. Malezja ma szansę wejść na drogę do stania się liderem w regionie Azji Południowo-Wschodniej, ale wymaga to wielu zmian społecznych, które powinny zostać wprowadzone jak najszybciej.</text>
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                <text>International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal; Vol. 28 No. 2 (2021): Essays on Society in South-Eastern Asia; 63-77</text>
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                <text>Wielokulturowość a jedność narodowa – problemy społeczne w Malezji na przełomie XX i XXI wieku</text>
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                <text>Pokarier, Nicholas</text>
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                <text>Courts are increasingly called upon to adjudicate hard cases involving questions of social facts. In deciding these matters, in a just and efficient manner according to law, courts will desirably have recourse to social science material and, perhaps less desirably, be influenced by underlying assumptions based on the decision-maker’s personal views. This article comments on three ways in which courts use social facts and treat social science material in the course of judicial decision-making. The authors suggest a ‘best practice’ approach for judges in approaching these questions, in the light of identified problems with the status quo.</text>
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                <text>The University of Queensland School of Law</text>
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                <text>Copyright (c) 2020 The University of Queensland Law Journal</text>
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                <text>The University of Queensland Law Journal; Vol. 38 No. 2 (2019): Special issue on expert evidence; 389-406</text>
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                <text>1839-289X</text>
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                <text>0083-4041</text>
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                <text>10.38127/uqlj.v38i2</text>
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                <text>Beyond Common Knowledge: Reviewing the Use of Social Science Evidence in Australian Courts</text>
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