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                <text>Since the formation of the People's Republic of China (PRC), China's defence forces have evolved through various stages of modernisation with a focus on doctrinal changes, structural reforms, as well as reduction of forces. Post Mao era, the first sincere attempt to infuse professionalism in the outdated People's Liberation Army (PLA) commenced in the true sense when ‘national defence' was made one of the ‘Four Modernisations,' as announced by Deng Xiaoping in 1978. This boost towards military modernisation was catalysed by the reduced threat perception post disintegration of the Soviet Union in 1991 and greater allocation in the defence budget for upgradation post 1995, as boosted by an improved Chinese economy.</text>
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                <text>CLAWS Journal; Vol. 12 No. 1 (2019): Summer 2019; 138-165</text>
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                <text>Since April 2020, a myriad of ‘whys and wherefores' on China's premeditated aggression around its periphery and against India in Eastern Ladakh, have been analysed ad infinitum. Inconclusive debates on China's belligerence against its neighbouring countries have called it a pursuit of its geopolitical ambitions by adopting expansionist designs. Wherein, mainly against India, China's adventurism is argued on the grounds of abrogation of Article 370; infrastructure construction along the Line of Actual Control (LAC); New Delhi's stringent opposition to the China-led Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) and Regional Comprehensive EconomicPartnership (RCEP); growing linkages with the United States (US), and more specifically, the Indo-Pacific activism under Quadrilateral Security Dialogue (QUAD). Suffice it to say, having deemed to have ‘risen,' China is stirring tense geopolitical confrontations that, undeniably, demonstrates Beijing's hegemonic aspirations.</text>
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                <text>CLAWS Journal; Vol. 13 No. 2 (2020): Winter 2020; 216-222</text>
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                <text>Indiana International &amp; Comparative Law Review; Vol. 6 No. 2 (1996); 439-460</text>
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                <text>The United States (US) is usually thought of as a nation representing freedom, democracy and human rights. However, as shown by Noam Chomsky and a few others, the US has turned out to be the most dominant imperialist nation as it is a ‘super power’ with immense political and economic clout. The US has been involved in human rights’ violations, Chomsky claims, with an intention of capturing markets for its goods and services, but has been successful in veiling it by shaping popular consciousness through its hegemony over popular media.
Chomsky argues that the US has been preparing the ground for human rights’ violations by the use of ‘Propaganda Model’ which ‘filters’ reality in such a way as to give the ‘news’ that is perverted to serve the needs of the ruling elite. For instance, in many of the ‘news’ reports the weapons of mass destruction used by the US are attributed human traits while the citizens of the enemy nation are presented as nameless “aggressors” or “terrorists”.
The relevance of the paper rests on working out the implications of Chomsky’s perspectives on the use of media by the US to serve its propagandist model and the implications of such tendencies to nations like India. The paper also tries to work out the possible way out of this impasse.
Keywords: Culture of terrorism, human rights, media, propaganda model, US imperialism</text>
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                <text>&amp;nbsp;
In the process of European constitutionalisation, the European Union continues to struggle for an identity that can generate widespread support amongst its peoples. Against this background it has been suggested by some that a European identity should embrace the Christian values that underpin Europe’s national traditions and cultures. In this paper I shall argue that, instead of relying on a communitarian vision of a ‘Christian Europe’, a European identity should build on a culture of religious tolerance. A European culture of religious tolerance draws on the enduring of difference and the acknowledgement of persisting and intractable conflict as essential experiences of Europe’s Christian past. Thus understood, tolerance lies at the roots of a European identity. At the same time, and through the conditional inclusion of religious diversity in the European Nation-States, a European culture of religious tolerance creates over time new commonalities between Europe’s religiously permeated national traditions. Thus understood, tolerance only brings about the conditions for the development of a supranational European identity that amounts to more than (the sum of) its national counterparts.
&amp;nbsp;
Full text available at: https://doi.org/10.22215/rera.v4i2.195</text>
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                <text>The internet of smart devices is a network of intelligent gadgets with sensors, programs, Wi-Fi and communication network connections. These devices store the data in cloud and process data outside the device using the proposed Cloud-Internet communication framework. These devices can communicate with other devices using the proposed framework. However, there are many challenges for communication security among the internet of smart devices. The Cloud can store the device data with security, reliability, privacy and service availability. The communication Security has been raised as one of the most critical issues of cloud computing where resolving such an issue would result in a constant growth in the use and popularity of cloud computing. Our purpose of this study is to create a framework for providing the communication security among smart devices network for the internet of things using cloud computing. Our main contribution links a new study for providing communication security for the internet of smart devices using the cloud-Internet framework. This study can be helpful for communication security problem in the framework of the Internet of Things. The proposed study generates a new framework for solving the issue of communication security among internet of smart devices.</text>
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                <text>International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM); Vol. 12 No. 6 (2018); pp. 74-84</text>
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                <text>Abdul Rashid, Nazre bin</text>
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                <text>bin Othman, Md. Zahar</text>
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                <text>bin Johan, Rasyidi</text>
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                <text>The Computer Networking course commonly taught in mixed mode involving lecture and practical session whereas beside face-to-face theory session, students need to experience hands-on activities in order to appreciate the technology and contents. Nevertheless the abstraction in Computer Networking course such as the complexity in TCP/IP network layering, the connection and configuration of client and server’s framework, differences in static and dynamic IP address configuration had imposed a great challenge for students to understand and grab the main concept of computer networking technology. As such, an approach of using computer network simulation and visualization tool in teaching and learning Computer Networking course is seen beneficial for educators and students. In this research, computer network simulation software of CISCO Packet Tracer was utilized in Computer Networking (MTN3023) course. Students (N=55) were exposed to CISCO Packet Tracer on which they developed Wide Area Network (WAN) that consists of configuration activities of Personal Computer (PC), Servers and Switches according to CISCO standard. Subsequently, student’s feedback and their insight on the effectiveness of CISCO packet Tracer in learning computer networking were probed using questionnaire. All the feedbacks were investigating statistically using SPSS 16.0. From the analysis, the descriptive results shown that all students were agreed (N=32 : Strongly Agree; N=23 : Agree) that CISCO Packet Tracer had successfully help them to understand several key concepts of computer networking and at the same quash some abstractions they faced in the course. In a nutshell, CISCO Packet Tracer as a simulation and visualization tool had been proven to be an effective software in supporting the teaching and learning of computer networking course.</text>
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                <text>https://online-journals.org/index.php/i-jim/article/view/11283</text>
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                <text>eng</text>
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                <text>International Association of Online Engineering (IAOE), Vienna, Austria</text>
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                <text>https://online-journals.org/index.php/i-jim/article/view/11283/5919</text>
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                <text>Copyright (c) 2019 Nazre bin Abdul Rashid, Md. Zahar bin Othman, Rasyidi bin Johan, Salman Firdaus bin Hj. Sidek</text>
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                <text>International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM); Vol. 13 No. 10 (2019); pp. 4-18</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="31454">
                <text>1865-7923</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="31455">
                <text>Computer networking</text>
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                <text>Cisco Packet Tracer</text>
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                <text>simulation</text>
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                <text>Cisco Packet Tracer Simulation as Effective Pedagogy in Computer Networking Course</text>
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                  <text>Journal of Open Access to Law</text>
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              <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="12877">
                  <text>Cornell University</text>
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      <name>Dataset</name>
      <description>Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing.</description>
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            <name>Creator</name>
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                <text>Neale, Thom</text>
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                <text>This study uses simple statistical and functional analysis in conjunction with network analysis algorithms to examine the network of Canadian caselaw using data supplied by the Canadian Legal Information Institute (CanLII). The analysis reveals that indegree centrality and PageRank scores of caselaw within the network are effective predictors of the frequency with which those cases will be viewed on CanLII's website. Further, statistical and functional analysis of network rankings of each case over time suggest that cases typically cease to be cited in 3 to 15 years, depending on the jurisdiction, with the exception of Supreme Court of Canada decisions, which persist for 50 years. The study concludes that roughly 19% of Canada Supreme Court cases remain important despite the passage of time, whereas in all other jurisdiction, less than 3% of cases continue to be cited regularly over time. </text>
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                <text>https://ojs.law.cornell.edu/index.php/joal/article/view/20</text>
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                <text>Journal of Open Access to Law; Vol. 1 No. 1 (2013)</text>
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                <text>2372-7152</text>
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                <text>network analysis</text>
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