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                  <text>Pitt Political Review </text>
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                  <text>PPR has ceased publication with the ULS. Editions including and prior to the fall 2017 edition will remain archived with the ULS. For information concerning future issues including the submission of potential articles for new issues, please email pittpoliticalreview@gmail.com.</text>
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                <text>Since being named acting president of Russia in 1999, Vladimir Putin has gone from a little-known ex-KGB agent to one of the most powerful men in the world. Handpicked by his ailing predecessor, Boris Yeltsin, Putin came to power following a decade of economic turmoil and political instability. His decisiveness, especially in regard to civic uprisings in Chechnya, garnered early support among the Russian people. In fact, Putin’s approval ratings remained high even as his actions became increasingly authoritarian. Given Russia’s position of power and its recent invasion of Crimea, there is reasonable concern among the international community over Putin’s ongoing obstructions to democracy both within and outside the country’s borders. Over the past few years, however, opposition groups have emerged with hopes of limiting Putin’s power. While widespread reform has yet to occur, movements to mobilize the Russian public are beginning to take place. </text>
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                <text>https://ppr.pitt.edu/ojs/index.php/ppr/article/view/57</text>
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                <text>https://ppr.pitt.edu/ojs/index.php/ppr/article/view/57/53</text>
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                <text>Copyright (c) 2017 Megan Tingley</text>
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                <text>Pitt Political Review; Vol 11, No 2 (2015); 27-34</text>
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                <text>2160-5807</text>
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                <text>Defying Putin: Leaders of the Opposition Movement Against Russian Authoritarianism</text>
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                <text>Madi, Nadim K. M.</text>
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                <text>Najim, Alaa Omer</text>
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                <text>Radio Resource Management (RRM) is the key component that influences the Quality of Service (QoS) in emerging mobile systems. The harsh requirements of recent multimedia applications press on the behavior of the resource allocation model at the Medium Access Control (MAC). This, under certain conditions, deteriorates awareness of the scheduler in satisfying QoS characteristics for the diverse attending traffic flows. The trade-off between QoS metrics may be a viable remedy to this problem. However, if the tradeoff is not meticulously addressed, it definitely increases the delay beyond the allowed threshold and plummets the data rates of the involved flows. In this article, a Delay-oriented Resource Allocation (DoRA) scheduler is proposed for the downlink channel to transmit multimedia applications. The main aim of DoRA is to schedule flows of different volumes with guaranteed low delay values and acceptable throughput under harsh network conditions (i.e., high traffic load and mobility). An efficient priority weight function is formulated based on a delay-oriented rule considering the buffer delay of the diverse flows. Eventually, a greedy algorithm assigns channel resources to the prioritized flows with high weights. DoRA is compared to reference schedulers using system-level simulation over two scenarios. The performance results indicate that DoRA maintains a low end-to-end delay with robust throughput and efficient spectrum efficiency for different flow volumes over congested network states.</text>
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                <text>https://online-journals.org/index.php/i-jim/article/view/35885</text>
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                <text>Copyright (c) 2023 Nadim Madi, AO Najim</text>
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                <text>International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM); Vol. 17 No. 06 (2023); pp. 156-179</text>
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                <text>1865-7923</text>
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                <text>LTE</text>
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                <text>Downlink Recourse Allocation</text>
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                <text>Delay-Oriented Resource Allocation for OFDMA Real-Time Mobile Broadband Services</text>
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                  <text>Indiana International &amp; Comparative Law Review</text>
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                <text>Cohen, Barak</text>
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                <text>https://journals.iupui.edu/index.php/iiclr/article/view/17742</text>
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                <text>10.18060/17742</text>
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                <text>Indiana University Robert H. McKinney School of Law</text>
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                <text>Indiana International &amp; Comparative Law Review; Vol. 12 No. 1 (2001); 75-106</text>
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                <text>2169-3226</text>
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                <text>Democracy and the Mis-Rule of Law: The Israeli Legal System's Failure to Prevent Torture in the Occupied Territories</text>
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                <text>Institutional reforms to regulate the market environment and the proper functioning of democracy have been mandated by the European Union to accession countries. In spite of the uniform creation of such regulatory frameworks, governance problems persist, especially in the newest members of the EU. I analyze the institution al reform record in both market and political governance, as well as the effectiveness of these institutions, in the case of Romania, one of the laggards of reform. I argue that the EU did significantly support reform efforts, but insufficient domestic commitment to reform has resulted in ineffective institutions.
&amp;nbsp;
Full text available at: https://doi.org/10.22215/rera.v4i1.194</text>
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                <text>Centre for European Studies, Carleton University</text>
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                <text>Canadian Journal of European and Russian Studies; 2008: RERA V4:1 Spring 2008 (backfile abstracts)</text>
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                <text>Democratic and Market Governance in Romania: Between Domestic Politics and EU Accession</text>
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                <text>What are the effects of populists in power on democracy during apandemic? The paper seeks to distinguish the extent to which the COVID-19pandemic can (not) be traced to democratic erosion and democraticresilience. Are the changes in the quality of democracy resulting frompolitical leaders' actions or rather a path-dependent continuation ofprevious trends? This contribution focuses on two paths – democraticerosion and democratic resilience – in the Visegrad Four countries (theCzech Republic, Hungary, Poland, and Slovakia), which are all governed bypopulist leaders. It builds on previous literature that focused principally onthe first wave of the pandemic by focusing on institutional guardrails andaccountability (vertical, horizontal, and diagonal) during the 18 months ofthe pandemic. It seeks to answer the following question: What conditionsare necessary and sufficient to prevent democratic erosion?</text>
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                <text>This paper explains political democratization in Post-Milosevic Serbia, utilizing two different accounts of the democratization process: one rooted in the rational choice framework and the other in structuralism. While rational choice explains the decisive role of political leadership in overcoming path dependence, the structuralist explanations show the transnational linkages that encourage democratization in the face of domestic setbacks. This particular debate between the two types of explanations represents the larger debate concerning the role of internal factors and external linkages in propelling democratization in transitional societies. The paper concludes by integrating the two sets of explanations offered by each theoretical perspective, in order to develop a coherent understanding of Serbia's democratization.
&amp;nbsp;
Full text available at: https://doi.org/10.22215/rera.v9i1.240</text>
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                <text>Canadian Journal of European and Russian Studies; 2015: RERA V9:1 Spring 2015 (backfile abstracts)</text>
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                <text>Democratization in Serbia: An Analysis of Rational Choice and Structuralist Explanations</text>
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                <text>Pandurangrao Lonarkar, Pramod</text>
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                <text>India, the second most populous country in the world has undergone several demographic changes. The current age composition shows high quantum of young population. This is an opportunity for the country if appropriate policy measures are taken. The objective of this paper is to focus on the timely trend of demographic transition to highlight the threshold time limit of opportunity and challenges ahead. A long time series data of around 150 year has been analyzed to derive conclusions and to create supportive background for policy formulation. The study found that India is in the third stage of demographic transition which will last during 2065 to 2070, where India‟s population will be at its peak. But the threshold limit of the increasing working age population will be 2030, with around 64% working age people and lowest dependency ratio. This paper shows that number of old female dependents will increase in the transition process. This paper also indicates the need for policy formulation to address the short term and long term opportunities and challenges.</text>
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                <text>https://journals.christuniversity.in/index.php/artha/article/view/1994</text>
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                <text>Centre for Publications, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore</text>
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                <text>Artha Journal of Social Sciences; Vol. 17 No. 2 (2018): Artha Journal of Social Sciences; 77-92</text>
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                <text>Demographic Scenario of India: Opportunities and Challenges</text>
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                <text>This study reports the demonstration of the effectiveness of a mobile education tool (MET) that was co-designed and developed at the College of Business Education (CBE) in Tanzania by a team of teachers, researchers, and a developer using the Design Science Research (DSR) methodology. The demonstration of the CBEMET Prototype as an artifact was done to 30 teachers who had participated in the co-designing of the prototype phase, 3 members of CBE management team and 20 students in Bachelor II degree program as the observers and representative of those who will use the prototype at a later stage. Different sets of questionnaires were administered to the teachers, the members of the management team and the students. The demonstration confirmed that it is easy to access the prototype, share learning contents, and provide education through mobile devices. Nonetheless, teaching materials prepared for testing the prototype were insufficient and thus needed improvement. Furthermore, teachers and observers proposed for more options to the prototype such as the inclusion of timetables, alerts of events like examination dates, and news on innovation activities. The feedback from the participants has thus been considered to reduce errors in the usage of the prototype before its final deployment.</text>
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                <text>Copyright (c) 2020 Godfrey Isaac Mwandosya, Calkin Suero Montero, Solomon Sunday Oyelere, Esther Rossiner Mbise</text>
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                <text>International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM); Vol. 14 No. 14 (2020); pp. 31-51</text>
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                <text>Demonstration of a Mobile Education Artifact in a Tanzania’s Higher Education Institution</text>
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                  <text>Canadian Journal of European and Russian Studies</text>
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                <text>Anders Rudling, Per</text>
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                <text>During the winter and spring of 2006, Denmark and Scandinavia faced its most serious crisis since World War II. The conflict started as a Danish newspaper published a number of cartoons, some of which portrayed the prophet Muhammad. After the Danish government rejected their requests to censor the media, Danish Islamists distributed these pictures to some senior political and religious figures in the Middle East and requested their support against Denmark. To these pictures, they added a number of more offensive images, never published in any Danish newspaper in order to infuriate Muslims around the world. Muslim clerics, assisted by the governments of Saudi Arabia, Syria and Iran caused the region to explode in protest and violent riots, in which 44 people were killed. Danish products were boycotted across the Muslim world; Scandinavian embassies were attacked and set ablaze in Syria, Iran, Lebanon and Indonesia. Islamists promised substantial rewards for anyone who would murder Danish and Norwegian peacekeepers, and Scandinavian UN forces were attacked in Palestine and Afghanistan. The Scandinavian countries and the EU are struggling to find a way to address the issue of radical Islam within their societies, and how to defend liberal democratic values from attacks from its enemies. This process may lead to a redefinition of values, a shift from multiculturalism to an embrace of the democratic western values upon which the European states are based.
&amp;nbsp;
Full text available at: https://doi.org/10.22215/rera.v2i3.174</text>
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                <text>https://ojs.library.carleton.ca/index.php/CJERS/article/view/2421</text>
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                <text>10.22215/cjers.v2i3.2421</text>
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                <text>Centre for European Studies, Carleton University</text>
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                <text>Canadian Journal of European and Russian Studies; 2006: RERA V2:3 What kind of Europe: Multiculturalism, Migration and Political Community – Lessons from Canada (backfile abstracts)</text>
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                <text>2562-8429</text>
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                <text>10.22215/cjers.v2i3</text>
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                <text>Denmark as the Big Satan: Projections of Scandinavia in the Arab World and the Future of Multiculturalism</text>
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                  <text>Artha Journal of Social Sciences</text>
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                <text>Iqbal, Husnain</text>
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                <text>The conflict in erstwhile East Pakistan, especially during 1970-1, was one of the bloodiest and most contested in the post-WWII era. While Bangladesh has always called it genocide, Pakistan has always denied both the intent and the scale of killings. This paper argues that the struggle of East Pakistanis to form their own country was reduced to a civic-political demand and not an ethnic-based claim to distinct nationalism. Revisiting Bangladesh‟s claims of genocide based on primary and archival material, this paper posits that the violence unleashed in former East Pakistan amounted to the systematic wiping out of the ethnic distinctiveness of its people through ideological, economic, political and military means. This paper contends that the recognition of the massacre in former East Pakistan during its Liberation Struggle as genocide is not only ethically demanded, but this recognition also demands a qualitative widening of the existing legal understanding of genocide.</text>
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                <text>https://journals.christuniversity.in/index.php/artha/article/view/1980</text>
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                <text>10.12724/ajss.43.1</text>
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                <text>eng</text>
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                <text>Centre for Publications, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore</text>
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                <text>https://journals.christuniversity.in/index.php/artha/article/view/1980/1630</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="8256">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2019 Artha - Journal of Social Sciences</text>
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                <text>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</text>
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                <text>Artha Journal of Social Sciences; Vol. 16 No. 4 (2017): Artha Journal of Social Sciences; 1-24</text>
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                <text>0000-0000</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="8260">
                <text>0975-329X</text>
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                <text>Genocide</text>
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                <text>Bangladesh Liberation war</text>
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                <text>East Pakistan</text>
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                <text>War crimes</text>
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                <text>ethnic cleansing</text>
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                <text>Denying the Denial: Reappraisal of ‘Genocide’ in East Pakistan</text>
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