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                  <text>International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM)</text>
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                <text>Daher, Wajeeh M.</text>
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                <text>Baya'a, Nimer</text>
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                <text>Several researches examined students'   mathematics learning using mobile phones, while very few researches examined mathematics teaching using this new educational tool. This research attempts to analyze in-service and pre-service teachers' attitudes and decisions regarding mathematics teaching with mobile phones using activity theory. More specifically, three case studies are analyzed in this research: One concerns an in-service teacher who used  mobile phones in her class, the second case study involves a pre-service teacher who collaborated with the in-service teacher to teach mathematics lessons using mobile phones, and the third case study is about 15 pre-service teachers who were observers of the experiment but did not use  mobile phones in their teaching. We held one-hour semi-structured interviews with the in-service teacher, with the leading pre-service teacher and with the group of other observer pre-service teachers. This happened three times during the academic year: at the beginning of the experiment, after three months and after it ended. 
The research findings indicate that different factors have an impact on the attitudes and decisions of the teacher:   history of the teacher using technologies in teaching,   perceptions of the teacher using technologies in teaching, community’s teacher, rules regulating the use of technologies in teaching mathematics, and division of labor.  For example, questions as to who decides which technologies to use in the classroom and who should prepare the learning material for the students. Contradictions were identified in mathematics teachers' activity when utilizing mobile phones in their teaching. These contradictions hinder or slow such utilization. Community, especially its leading members, mediated and helped overcome the activity contradictions that arose throughout the experiment regarding the teaching processes in and/or out of the mathematics classroom.</text>
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                <text>https://online-journals.org/index.php/i-jim/article/view/3721</text>
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                <text>10.3991/ijim.v8i4.3721</text>
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                <text>eng</text>
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                <text>International Association of Online Engineering (IAOE), Vienna, Austria</text>
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                <text>https://online-journals.org/index.php/i-jim/article/view/3721/3290</text>
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                <text>Copyright (c) 2017 Wajeeh M. Daher, Nimer Baya'a</text>
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                <text>International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM); Vol. 8 No. 4 (2014); pp. 4-13</text>
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                <text>1865-7923</text>
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                <text>middle school</text>
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                <text>In-service and Pre-service Middle School Mathematics Teachers' Attitudes and Decisions Regarding Teaching Mathematics Using Mobile Phones</text>
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                  <text>International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM)</text>
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                <text>Baya'a, Nimer F.</text>
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                <text>Daher, Wajeeh M.</text>
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                <text>This research reports an experiment which took place in an Arab middle school in Israel. The experiment was led by three pre-service teachers who were carrying out their final project in the field of teaching mathematics using mobile phones. The pre-service teachers worked with 32 eighth grade students to carry out authentic real life outdoor activities in the nature. We used discourse analysis and grounded theory to analyze the perceptions of the students regarding their mathematics learning using mobile phones. We found that the novelty of the experiment and the use of mobile phones in mathematics learning were the main characteristics perceived by the students as influencing their decision to join the experiment. Furthermore, the students perceived various qualities of the mathematics learning that were enabled by the use of mobile phones: (1) exploring mathematics independently (2) learning mathematics through collaboration and team work; where the collaboration is  on  equal terms (3) learning mathematics  in a societal and humanistic environment (4) learning  mathematics in authentic real life situations (5) visualizing mathematics and investigating it dynamically (6) carrying out diversified mathematical actions using new and advanced technologies (7) learning mathematics easily and efficiently. In the overall, the students were positively impressed by the potentialities and capabilities of the mobile phones used in the mathematics learning process. This indicates that mathematics education could benefit form utilizing these new technological tools.</text>
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                <text>https://online-journals.org/index.php/i-jim/article/view/813</text>
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                <text>International Association of Online Engineering (IAOE), Vienna, Austria</text>
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                <text>https://online-journals.org/index.php/i-jim/article/view/813/970</text>
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                <text>Copyright (c) 2017 Nimer F. Baya'a, Wajeeh M. Daher</text>
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                <text>International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM); Vol. 3 (2009): Special Issue IMCL2009; pp. 6-14</text>
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                <text>1865-7923</text>
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                <text>Mobile phone learning</text>
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                <text>Learning Mathematics in an Authentic Mobile Environment: the Perceptions of Students</text>
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                <text>Indrawan, I Wayan Andis</text>
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                <text>Bayupati, I Putu Agung</text>
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                <text>Singgih Putri, Desy Purnami</text>
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                <text>Dewata Nawa Sanga in Hinduism has an important role as the foundation of the religious concept implemented by Hindus in Bali, Indonesia. It has the meaning of nine deities or manifestations of Ida Sang Hyang Widhi Wasa (God Almighty)  that guard or control the nine wind direction. Dewata Nawa Sanga in terms of education in Bali has been learned by the elementary school students. However, in social life the concept of Dewata Nawa Sanga itself has not been attached and understood by all Balinese Hinduism yet. Based on the problem in social life, there is an idea to develop Markerless Augmented Reality Utilizing Gyroscope to Demonstrate the Position of Dewata Nawa Sanga. This application is designed to know, recognize, and understand the characteristics of Dewata Nawa Sanga using gyroscope. This sensor serves to fulfill the object of the deities in the coordinates to be determined. Furthermore, it serves to provide information about Dewata Nawa Sanga along with the innovative and informative 3D animation. The result of usefulness questionnaire of this application percentage value average is 88.4%. It can be concluded that AR Dewata Nawa Sanga is very useful and helpful for learners in exploring the Dewata Nawa Sanga position in a real-world environment. The result of usability and satisfaction questionnaire of this application percentage value average is 84.8%. It shows that the application is very useful for the participants to learn Dewata Nawa Sanga and very satisfied to use.</text>
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                <text>https://online-journals.org/index.php/i-jim/article/view/7527</text>
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                <text>eng</text>
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                <text>International Association of Online Engineering (IAOE), Vienna, Austria</text>
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                <text>https://online-journals.org/index.php/i-jim/article/view/7527/4766</text>
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                <text>Copyright (c) 2018 I Wayan Andis Indrawan, I Putu Agung Bayupati, Desy Purnami Singgih Putri</text>
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                <text>International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM); Vol. 12 No. 1 (2018); pp. 19-35</text>
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                <text>1865-7923</text>
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                <text>Markerless Augmented Reality Utilizing Gyroscope to Demonstrate the Position of Dewata Nawa Sanga</text>
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                  <text>Indiana International &amp; Comparative Law Review</text>
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                <text>Bean, Bruce W.</text>
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                <text>The ubiquity of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in every school framework in the world has become a trend. With ASEAN integration problems in 2015, can fresh and younger HEI's and their students cope with this trend? The goal of this analysis is to decide the preparedness and role of new HEI students in the field of ICT education. In this study a concise template utilizing a researcher-made questionnaire (α=.971) was used. The research findings show that students at college have a optimistic declaration ('agreement') on ICT use in education (x=3.71; S=.75). This was also shown that sex greatly affects the mindset of students (z=3.91, p=.00), where male attitudes are higher (x=3.91) than female attitudes (x=3.61). Moreover, it demonstrates that preparedness for ICT in general has little to do with the mindset of students towards the usage of ICT in school. Nonetheless, there is a important marginal positive association between ICT access and an attitude of significance to 0.05 (r=.15; p=.002; single-tailed), which suggests that the more a student gets introduced to ICT, the more he develops his attitude to ICT education. It was believed that ICT-based curriculum can be readily adopted and modified for the next several years by complete ICT adoption as the current educational framework. Current and younger HEIs will also spend more in ICT Accessibility and Connectivity to further boost ICT-based awareness and preparedness.</text>
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                <text>Contrary to popular discourse, the threats emanating from the internal security issues pose serious security threats to the Indian stateand its people. Faced with numerous internal security challenges, the Indian experience of dealing with them has been a mixed experience. Arguably, no other country has ever faced such multiple internal security threats, in various forms and intensity than the Indian state. While the threat perception emanating from the internal security challenges has de-escalated over the last few years, they refuse to die down. Considering the immediacy of the issue, this paper critically engages with the contemporary internal security challenges that the Indian state encounters. In doing so the paper reflects upon the very process through which each of these internal security threats operates and highlights the nature and the intensity of threat perception. Through providing a conceptual framework, the paper also evaluates the state's responses to the internal security issues. The paper limits its scope to four major internal security issues in India: The Left-Wing Extremism (LWE), the violent conflicts in the Northeastern states, Separatism and terrorism in Jammu, and Kashmir (J&amp;amp;K), and communal violence and religious radicalization.</text>
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                <text>CLAWS Journal; Vol. 14 No. 2 (2021): Winter 2021; 28-45</text>
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                <text>This paper investigates the efficiency of using text messaging in the EFL reading classroom at the Islamic Azad University-South Tehran Branch, Iran. After the administration of an Oxford Placement Test (OPT), 74 participants who scored one standard deviation above and below the mean were selected. Participants were randomly assigned into two groups, an experimental and a control, each including 37 individuals. The reading part of the Preliminary English Test (PET) was administered as a pretest. The experimental group received 108 words via short messages during 18 sessions. During each session, they received 6 sentences with 6 words in a meaningful context. In contrast, the participants of the control group received traditional instruction. They were given the same structural points through inductive and deductive instruction in the classroom and the words were presented while teaching each unit. After the treatment, the participants in both groups were assigned to do a reading posttest. The results of the ANCOVA revealed no statistically significant difference between the control and the experimental groups regarding their reading scores. Thus, the vocabulary learning via short message did not have any significant effect on Iranian EFL learners' ability to comprehend pre-intermediate level texts.</text>
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                <text>Copyright (c) 2021 Behnam Behforouz, Anca Daniela Frumuselu</text>
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                <text>International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM); Vol. 15 No. 01 (2021); pp. 88-104</text>
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                <text>The Reflection of Vocabulary Implementation Through Educational Texting on EFL Learner’s Reading Skill</text>
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                <text>Indiana International &amp; Comparative Law Review; Vol. 11 No. 2 (2001); 251-288</text>
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